scholarly journals CHARACTERATION OF AIR MOVEMENT PATTERNS AND VELOCITY EFFECIS ON PLANT DEVELOPMENT IN A GROWTH CHAMBER

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1151a-1151
Author(s):  
R.L. Korthals” ◽  
S.L. Knight ◽  
L.L. Christianson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Horizontal Velocity ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Hot Wire ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Node Number ◽  
Air Movement ◽  
Practical Implications

Chrysanthemum, wheat, and soybean were grown in a growth chamber to study the effects of airflow direction, velocity, and turbulence on vegetative growth. These three plant species were chosen to examine how plants with different leaf architectures and morphology are influenced by varying air velocity and pattern. A hot wire anemometer accurate to ±0.025 m s-1 and capable of responding to 50 khz turbulent velocity fluctuations was used to characterize the environment in a growth chamber under three different experimental conditions: <0.50 m s-1 horizontal velocity, >1.00 m s-1 horizontal velocity, and <0.50 m s-1 vertical velocity. Plants were grown under the three different treatments for five weeks with plant height, width, stem diameter, and node number, and fresh and dry weights of leaves, stem, and roots determined at three internals throughout each experiment. Tire variation in plant development resulting from the different treatments has practical implications for using ventilation to aid in controlling plant growth and development.

A hot-wire microanemometer for measurement of air movements inside clothing

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1088-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Krishnaswamy ◽  
K. V. Mani ◽  
S. Ranganathan
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Hot Wire ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Air Movement

A hot-wire anemometer has been specially designed and fabricated for the measurement of the wind speed component of the microenvironment inside clothing. A copper-constantan thermocouple has been used for estimation of temperature. The constant-current method is used for measurement of air movement. The sensing element is mounted in a Perspex frame which can be strapped to the human body inside clothing. Speeds in the range 2–280 cm/sec have been measured with the instrument. anemometer; thermocouple; air velocity inside clothing Submitted on September 8, 1964

scholarly journals The Effect Of Outside Corridor’s Orientation to Interior Thermal Condition at Lawang Sewu Semarang.

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 01011
Author(s):  
Benediktus Yosef Arya Wastunimpuna ◽  
Wahyu Setia Budi ◽  
Erni Setyowati
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Thermal Condition ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Standard Theory ◽  
Hot Wire ◽  
Air Movement ◽  
Dutch Colonial

The outside corridor of Dutch Colonial Building in Indonesia was made to make the temperature of the room more comfortable. Lawang Sewu Building in Semarang is one example of a building that has an outside corridor along the building and until now still use natural ventilation. This study focuses on finding out whether there is a difference on the thermal conditions of each room’s orientation, so after that we know the effect of orientation of the outdoor corridor to the temperature of the interior. In this study the experiment based on measurement using Heat Stress WBGT Meter for Wet Bulb Temperature, Dry Bulb Temperature, Relative Humidity, and KW0600653 Hot Wire Anemometer for the air movement. The data will be analysed using thermal standard theory to find out which point has the most comfortable thermal conditions.. At the end of this study will be found the effect of corridor’s orientation to thermal condition of the interior in Lawang Sewu Semarang.

scholarly journals Apparatus for routine measurements of the thermal conductivity of ice cores

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 151-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crescenzo Festa ◽  
Aristide Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Transient Hot Wire ◽  
Hot Wire ◽  
Standard Samples ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Heating Source ◽  
Central Segment ◽  
Wire Method

AbstractAn apparatus is described for measuring the thermal conductivity of ice by the transient hot-wire method. Thermal conductivity A, is determined by tracking the thermal pulse induced in the sample by a heating source consisting of a platinum resistor. A central segment of the same platinum heating resistor acts also as a thermal sensor. A heat pulse transferred to the ice for a period of 40s gives a maximum temperature increment of about 7-14°C. In good experimental conditions, the expected reproducibility of the measurements is within ±3%. The accuracy of the method depends on whether the instrument has been calibrated by reliable standard samples, certified by absolute methods.

Variety perception and attitude toward digital assortments

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1353-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolande Piris ◽  
Nathalie Guibert
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Product Category ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Real Product ◽  
The Way

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate consumers’ variety perception for online grocery assortments and, more generally, to better understand consumers’ attitude toward digital assortments. In particular, this research examines the influence of the organization of products that results from assortment structure and display. Design/methodology/approach Starting from the observation that previous work on traditional assortments is not sufficient to understand consumers’ perceptions and attitudes, the paper adopts a hypothetico-deductive approach and develops four hypotheses. These hypotheses are tested using an experimental approach. Findings This research enables us to see that both attitude and variety perception are affected by the way products are organized on a website. Furthermore, contrary to what the literature on traditional assortments allows one to assume, the assortment corresponding to a more positive attitude is not perceived as being the more varied. As a result, our findings reconsider the link between variety perception and consumer assortment evaluation for digital assortments. Research limitations/implications The work is based on data collected for only one product category. It would be interesting to explore other categories also, to determine if the structure of the assortment and variety perception have stable effects. Practical implications The results inform retailers that they must carefully design the display of their digital assortments. If a retailer wants to enhance variety perception, the authors recommend using an assortment organized by brand, or presenting all the products together. If, instead, the goal is to encourage a positive attitude, the retailer should opt for assortments sorted by attribute or that present all products together. Originality/value This research adopts a new orientation on assortment perception and evaluation, considering the specificities involved in digitizing assortments. In addition, this research studies a real product category and puts respondents in experimental conditions close to reality.

The Investigation of People Using Air Movement Actively in Summer in Hot-Humid Area of China

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 602-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Ni Liu ◽  
Yu Feng Zhang ◽  
Qing Lin Meng
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Main Motivation ◽  
Air Movement ◽  
Humid Area ◽  
Hot And Humid Climates ◽  
Naturally Ventilated Buildings ◽  
The Relationship

This paper is focused on the relationship between the motivations for people to actively use air movement and indoor climates, with an aim to determine the preferred levels of air movement for the occupants of naturally ventilated buildings in hot and humid climates in China. Based on 429 questionnaires collected in a background survey, 29 college students were chosen to join in the transverse survey. Totally 247 sets of raw data in 5 weeks were obtained. Primary results show that the main motivation of opening window changed from “fresh air” to “cool room and body” as the summer coming. The proportion of wanting more air movement increased as ET* rose, and the ambient and preferred air velocity increased linearly with ET* too.

The effects of background music on tipping behavior in a restaurant: A field study

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-450
Author(s):  
Annika Beer ◽  
Tobias Greitemeyer
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Background Music ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Moderating Factors ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Tipping Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Previous research showed that focused listening to music has powerful effects on social behavior. In contrast, the impact of background music appears to depend on moderating factors. The present field study examined the effects of background music on tipping behavior in a restaurant and the possible moderating influence of age of paying guest. Participants were exposed to uplifting, melancholic, or baseline music in the background. Overall, tipping behavior did not differ across quasi-experimental conditions. However, music exposure did interact with age of paying guest. Whereas younger guests’ tipping behavior was not affected by background music, older guests were more generous when exposed to uplifting and melancholic music compared to baseline music. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Influence of Verbal Behavior Training on Performance for Sustainable Development in Childhood and Early Adolescence

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 5140
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Maldonado ◽  
Francisco J. Alós ◽  
Amapola Povedano-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Teaching Methodology ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Teaching Methodologies ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Special Relevance ◽  
Practical Implications

The effective teaching of language is an aspect of special relevance regarding the good adjustment of children in contexts such as school, family, or community. This article performs an experimental procedure to check which language teaching methodology is most effective in a sample of children. The objective was to analyze the influence of training, Condition 1 (pure tacts more intraverbal) or Condition 2 (pure tacts more impure tacts), on emergence of two tests involving impure tacts (AB-C, AB-D) and four new complex intraverbals (BC-D, BD-C) for each of two sets of stimuli (Set 1 and Set 2). The sample comprised 54 children aged between 6 and 12 years, divided into two groups of different experimental conditions. The results revealed statistically significant differences in performance on the tests of impure tacts and complex intraverbal, obtaining highly effective results in Condition 2. This teaching method using compound stimuli (impure tacts) clearly favors the expansion of language. The practical implications of this work can be more effective language teaching methodologies implemented that favor the good psychosocial adjustment of children in contexts such as family, school, or the community in general.

THE EFFECT OF WIND AND MOISTURE ON HEAT LOSS THROUGH THE FUR OF NEWBORN CARIBOU

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Lentz ◽  
J. S. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Natural Convection ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Direction Parallel ◽  
Air Movement

The effects of air velocity and direction and of wetness on rate of heat transfer were studied in tests with samples of fur from five caribou calves. The rate of heat transfer through this fur increased by a factor of two to three with increase in air velocity from a negligible level (natural convection) to 23 m/second (direction parallel to sample). The effect of air velocity varied markedly (up to ±50% at 23 m/second) with inclination of the sample to the direction of air movement. Spraying water on the fur increased its rate of heat transfer markedly; addition of water equivalent to 10–12% of the volume of the fur doubled the rate of heat transfer. Other factors, such as erectness of the fur, direction of the hairs or "grain" of the fur with respect to the direction of air movement, and wetness of the skin also affected heat transfer. Differences between samples were large and did not appear to depend directly on the physical characteristics measured.

Growth Stages of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)1

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Boote
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Cotyledonary Node ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Node Number ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Harvest Maturity

Abstract Uniform growth stage descriptions were developed for peanut based on visually observable vegetative (V) and reproductive (R) events. The V stage was determined by counting the number of developed nodes on the main stem, beginning with the cotyledonary node as zero. The last node counted must have its tetrafoliolate leaf sufficiently expanded so the leaflets are unfolded and flat in appearance. The R stages proposed are R1 (beginning bloom), R2 (beginning peg), R3 (beginning pod), R4 (full pod), R5 (beginning seed), R6 (full seed), R7 (beginning maturity), R8 (harvest maturity), and R9 (over mature pod). The V and R stages can be measured separately and concurrently and apply to populations or single plants. For populations, a given stage is reached when 50% of the plants sampled have achieved the specified node number or have one or more flowers, pegs, pods, or seeds exhibiting the specified trait. The stages apply to both Spanish and Virginia type cultivars. The proposed standard descriptions of peanut plant development should aid in peanut research planning and communication and should assist extension recommendation of timing of cultural practices.

Influence of sinusoidal airflow and airflow distance on human thermal response to a personalized ventilation system

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongxin Xie ◽  
Sauchung Fu ◽  
Chili Wu ◽  
Christopher Y.H. Chao
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Movement Perception ◽  
Air Movement ◽  
Personalized Ventilation

Since the concept of personalized ventilation was introduced in the late 1990s, many studies on thermal comfort have been conducted and a number of parameters identified. In this research, the influence of three parameters, the airflow speed, airflow fluctuating period and a parameter which has drawn less attention in previous studies – the airflow distance between the human subject and the nozzle of the personalized ventilation device on air movement perception, thermal sensation and thermal comfort – are studied. The combinations of fluctuating period and airflow amplitude were selected based on the Power Spectrum Density method. Then 25 human subjects participated in the thermal comfort experiment, each of them underwent 54 tests of different experimental conditions and expressed their thermal feelings by completing the survey questionnaire. Our findings showed that a longer airflow distance could lead to cooler thermal sensation, but not cause any difference in thermal comfort. Changing the fluctuating period of the sinusoidal airflow from 10 s to 60 s did not cause an influence on thermal sensation, but a shorter fluctuating period could result in a higher air movement perception. When dealing with thermal comfort issues, a joint effect with airflow speed and fluctuating period occurs and this should also be considered.

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