scholarly journals Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Leea coccinia and Leea rubra in Response to Light Flux

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 400-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Sarracino ◽  
R. Merrit ◽  
C.K. Chin
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Light Flux ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Interior Lighting ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Foliage Plant

Two foliage plant species, Leea coccinia L. and Leea rubra L., were evaluated for survival and for morphological and physiological changes in response to low light flux. Both species of Leea survived in light as low as that survived by Ficus benjamina L. Following 124 days under simulated interior lighting conditions of 5.7, 2.6, or 0.70 mol·m-2·day-1, L. coccinia, L. rubra, and F. benjamina plants grown in 92% shade had lower total fresh/dry weight, smaller leaf area, and thinner leaves than plants grown in full sun. After 124 days, plants of all three species in 92% shade were shorter, narrower, and had fewer growing points than plants in full sun. After 124 days, plants of L. coccinia grown in 92% shade contained more total chlorophyll, and more chlorophyll a and b, and they had a lower chlorophyll a: b ratio than plants from full sun. Anthocyanin content in L. rubra plants grown in 92% shade was lower than that of plants grown in full sun. Plants of F. benjamina grown in 92% shade contained more total chlorophyll and more chlorophyll a and b than plants grown in full sun.

scholarly journals Response of Tomato Plants (Solanum lycopersicum) to Stress Induced by Sb(III)

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matúš Peško ◽  
Marianna Molnárová ◽  
Agáta Fargašová
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
High Concentrations

AbstractPresented study evaluates effects of various Sb(III) concentrations on tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivated hydroponically. Visual symptoms of antimony toxicity were observed only at two highest applied concentrations (50 and 100 mg/L). Dry weight of aboveground parts decreased significantly in variants treated with 25, 50 and 100 mg/L Sb(III), by ~12, 35 and 65 %, respectively, in comparison to the control. Statistically significant decrease of chlorophyll a and b was observed only after application of two highest studied concentrations 50 and 100 mg/L Sb(III). On the other hand concentration of total carotenoids in leaves rose with increasing external Sb(III) concentration. High concentrations (50 and 100 mg/L) of Sb(III) in nutrient solution caused that protein content in leaves dropped by ~20 and 39% relative to control. Accumulation of antimony in roots was about 5- (10 mg/L) to 27-times (25 mg/L) greater than that in shoots. The highest BAF factor value determined for shoots was ~55 at 10 mg/L Sb(III) and for roots it was ~821 at 50 mg/L Sb(III). Translocation factor values were in whole studied concentration range 5 – 100 mg/L Sb(III) < 1. The most effective translocation of antimony from roots to shoots was observes for variants treated with 10 mg/L of Sb(III).

scholarly journals Mahameru Soybean (Glycine max) Cultivar, High Salinity Tolerant

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Juwarno Juwarno ◽  
Tata Brata Suparjana ◽  
Muachiroh Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Soybean Plants

Mahameru cultivar is high salinity tolerant cultivar. The previous study result showed Mahameru cultivar could tolerate 140mM NaCl, but Cilacap Coast salinity levels often reaching 200mM NaCl. A research of salinity stress on Mahameru cultivar at 200 mM NaCl have not conducted yet. Therefore to conduct the research of Mahameru at high salinity stress to obtained high salinity tolerant soybean cultivar.   The observed variables are anatomy (epidermis thickness, the density of stomata and trichomes, palisade thickness) physiology (the dry weight of roots and canopy, the content of chlorophyll a and b) Production (whole pod, total filled pod, total empty pod, weight per one-hundred beans). The salinity treatment was 0, 50,100, 150, 200 mM NaCl given at three days before planting and twenty-one days after planting. The data of anatomy and physiology was taken at forty-five days after planting. The production data was taken when soybean plants turned brown. The result indicates that salinity affects anatomy characteristic of leaf, higher the salinity increasing epidermis thickness and the density of stomata and trichomes. Salinity affected the content of chlorophyll a and b. Higher the salinity increased the content of chlorophyll a and b. Salinity did not affect soybean production. Based on this study Mahameru cultivar is resistant to salinity up to 200 mM NaCl. The benefit of this research help to enhance national soybean production with utilization coastal land for soybean planting Mahameru cultivar.         

scholarly journals Chromium Toxicity in Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
R. Bakiyaraj ◽  
T. Mahakavi ◽  
L. Baskaran
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Sesbania Sesban ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Cr Concentration

Chromium is one of the most common toxic metals present in the environment that induces various toxic effects in plants. A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of chromium on germination percentage, seedling growth, chlorophyll ‘a’, ‘b’ and proline content of Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr. The seedlings were treated with different concentrations of control, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 g kg-1 of chromium. The parameters such as germination percentage, root and shoot length, seedling fresh weight dry weight, chlorophyll ‘a’, ‘b’ and proline content of leaves were measured. Our results indicated that a significant inhibitory effect was observed at all levels of chromium compared to control. Increasing the concentration of chromium to 1.00 g kg-1 showed a significant decrease in seed germination, shoot and root length, fresh weight, dry weight and chlorophyll ‘a’ and ‘b’ content of plant. While proline, catalase and peroxidase contents were increased by increasing Cr concentration. It was also noted that accumulation of chromium in the roots was much higher than the shoots of the seedlings under treatment.

scholarly journals Light Acclimatization Potential of Leea coccinia and Leea rubra Grown under Low Light Flux

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 404-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Sarracino ◽  
R. Merritt ◽  
C.K. Chin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Light Flux ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Ficus Benjamina ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Foliage Plant ◽  
Lower Light

Two foliage plant species, Leea coccinia L. and Leea rubra L., exhibited lower light compensation points and faster rates of acclimatization than Ficus benjamina L. when moved from full sun to dense shade, i.e., from 15.7 to 0.26 or 0.09 mol·m·-2day-1. Light compensation points were reduced up to 75% for L. coccinia and 71% for L. rubra after 25 days under these conditions. Uptake of CO2 increased from 65% to 179% and 34% to 118% for L. coccinia and L. rubra, respectively, while respiration rates were reduced from 73% and 76% to 59% to 68%, respectively. Ficus benjamina plants died under similar conditions.

scholarly journals VARIABILITY IN CHLOROPHYLL, RUBISCO, AND FOURTH DERIVATIVE SPECTRA AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO CO2 ASSIMILATION RATES OF EIGHT FRAGARIA CHILOENSIS GENOTYPES

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 601a-601
Author(s):  
Paul W. Foote ◽  
J. Scott Cameron ◽  
Chuhe Chen ◽  
Stephen F. Klauer
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Peak Amplitude ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Derivative Analysis ◽  
Fragaria Chiloensis ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Fourth Derivative ◽  
Chlorophyll Extraction

Gas exchange rates were measured in the field on middle leaflets of Fragaria chiloensis (L.) trifoliates which were then used for Rubisco quantity and activity assays. Side leaflets of the same leaf were utilized for fourth-derivative spectroscopy, chlorophyll extraction, and specific leaf weight data. Differences of CO2 assimilation (A) rates were highly significant between genotypes ranging from 16.2 to 27.6 μmol CO2·s·m. Chlorophyll a and b, and total chlorophyll per unit area were positively correlated to A (r = 0.48**, 0.45**, and 0.49**, respectively). Total chlorophyll per unit dry weight had a correlation coefficient with A of 0.6**. Fourth-derivative analysis of in vivo leaf attenuance spectra showed a positive correlation between A and Ca693 peak amplitude and a negative correlation of A and Ca677 peak amplitude. Peak amplitude of Ca693 was also correlated with chlorophyll content. Activity per unit Rubisco was not a significant factor influencing A, but Rubisco quantity on either a leaf area or a dry weight basis was positively linked to A (r = 0.40** and 0.44**, respectively).

The effects of temperature and light energy on dry weight and leaf area changes in seedling plants of Lolium perenne L

1971 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
JH Silsbury
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Light Flux ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Light Energy ◽  
Net Assimilation Rate ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Net Assimilation

Nine identical seedling populations of Lolium perenne cv. Grasslands Ruanui were grown at different times in a controlled environment cabinet under 22, 38, and 117 watts m-2Visible radiation (16 hr day length) and at 10, 20, and 30�C for 32 days. The proportion of the total dry matter present as roots and that of the shoot dry weight present as leaf laminae were only slightly affected by the environment. Shoot growth was dominated by leaf growth; responses to the environment of the average relative growth rate (El,) and the average leaf area growth rate RA) were similar. RW and RA were maximal at 20�C at each light flux density and increased toward a maximum with increased radiation at each temperature. Maximum RW for seedling plants of L. perenne was about 25% per day. The net assimilation rate increased approximately linearly with increase in light flux and was scarcely affected by temperature. The leaf area ratio was greatly affected by changes in light energy, mainly owing to change in the specific leaf area. The rate of leaf appearance was accelerated by a temperature increase from 10 to 20�C. Total tiller number was maximal at 20�C and increased with light flux. When related to leaf number, tillering was reduced only by high temperature at low light energy. The relative changes in net assimilation rate induced by variation in light flux at 20�C were the same as those in the net photosynthesis of a single leaf lamina. The growth of seedling ryegrass plants in the field in winter is considered to be strongly dependent on temperature and much less restricted by low light energy.

scholarly journals Seasonal changes of photosynthetical parameters as a results of forest gap model

2015 ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Árpád Szalacsi ◽  
Gergely Király ◽  
Szilvia Veres
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Light Stress ◽  
High Light ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B

Photosynthetic parameters of English oak (Quercus robur L.) as a member of Querco robori-Carpinetum were investigated in two different habitat in terms of gap forest management: in the gap and in the host forest. The artifical opening process of the forest resulted in more light for growing saplings and need for acclimatization. Photosynthesis is one of the most important way for plant life and plant production. In the centre of photosynthetic efficiency the quality and quantity traits of photosynthetic pigments are standing. During our work some photosynthetic parameters of plants (in the gap and in the forest as well) were measured: relative chlorophyll content as SPAD index, chlorophyll a and b content, total chlorophyll content and ratio of chlorophyll a and b. Based on our results no significant differences among our data in early spring. Although, during the summer significant differences occurred between the measured values in the gap and in the forest area. Lower total chlorophyll content was experienced in the gap, than in the forest area due to the lower chlorophyll-b content. Because of the high light intensity higher chla/chlb ratio was measured in the gap. The lower chlorophyll contents of gap habitat may have a part of the acclimatization process of photosynthetic apparatus against high light stress, which can determinate the survival chance of individual.

scholarly journals Responses of different okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) cultivars to water deficit conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Q Ayub ◽  
S M Khan ◽  
I Hussain ◽  
K Naveed ◽  
S Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Drought Conditions

A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the adverse effects of drought on different okra cultivars and to identify the most suitable okra cultivar for growing in drought conditions. Five okra cultivars namely Pusa Green, Clemson, Sabz Pari, Pusa Swani and Mehak Pari were subjected to three drought levels i.e., control (100% Field capacity),50% and 25% Field Capacity (FC). Physiological parameters like fresh and dry weight of plant and plant height were recorded along with biochemical attributes such as chlorophyll content (a, b, total) carotenoids, total protein, proline content, and Membrane stability index (MSI%). Results showed that drought significantly reduced all the studied parameters and at maximum drought (25% FC) lowest values of fresh weight (12.42g), dry weight (1.22g), plant height (7.86cm), chlorophyll a (9.02mg/g FW), chlorophyll b (18.69mg/g FW), total chlorophyll (27.71mg/g FW), carotenoids (11.80mg/g FW), total protein (2.73mg/g FW),whereas maximum Proline (21.36μg/g FW), and MSI (72%) were observed under the same drought. The results concerning responses of okra cultivars under drought conditions showed that maximum. Fresh weight (15.25g) and Dry weight (2.74g) was observed in Pusa green while maximum Plant height (13.77cm), Chlorophyll a (14.38mg/g FW), Chlorophyll b (24.41mg/g FW), Total Chlorophyll (38.80mg/g FW), Carotenoids (18.57mg/g FW), Total Protein (5.44mg/g FW), Proline (27.78μg/g FW), and MSI (56.33%) were produced by Sabz Pari. Hence it can be concluded that drought causes significant variation on physical and biochemical attributes of okra whereas Sabz Pari showed resistance towards the applied stress and produced better results.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF LEAVES EXTRACT OF IPOMOEA CAIRICA ON CHLOROPHYLL AND CAROTENOID IN PARTHENIUM HYSTEROPHOROUS L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Deepa Srivastava ◽  
K. Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Noxious Weed ◽  
And Control

Photosynthetic effects of the leaves extracts from Ipomoea cairica on Partheniumhysterophorus L were studied. Ipomoea cairica dried leaf powder (20g) was dissolved in distilled water (200ml) for foliar application. The seedlings were maintained under natural condition in Insect free net house. The experiment was carried out to analyze the effects of Ipomoea cairica leaves extract by measuring chlorophyll ‘a’, chlorophyll ‘b’, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in Parthenium. The experimental plants were sprayed 20 days after emergence and control plants were maintained by a simultaneous spray of distilled water. Leaves of Partheniumhysterophorus were collected at 5 days interval following the foliar application of Ipomoea cairica leaves extract up to 15th day. Results showed that Chlorophyll (total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and b) and carotenoid content was adversely affected as the duration of Ipomoea cairica leaves extract increased. This potential of Ipomoea cairica can be used as herbicide to control noxious weed Partheniumhysterophorous.

scholarly journals INTERFERENCE OF SPACING ON THE GROWTH AND BIOMASS OF SWEET SORGHUM

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
Tatiana Maria da Silva ◽  
André Luis da Silva Parente Nogueira ◽  
Alexandre Bosco de Oliveira ◽  
Italo Emerson Trindade Viana ◽  
Joana Gomes de Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Hemileia Vastatrix ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B

INTERFERÊNCIA DO ESPAÇAMENTO NO CRESCIMENTO E BIOMASSA DE SORGO SACARINO O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental Vale do Curu – Pentecoste/CE da Universidade Federal do Ceará, com o objetivo de avaliar a interferência do espaçamento no crescimento e na produção de biomassa do sorgo sacarino. O cultivar BRS 511 foi analisado em dois experimentos com delineamento em blocos casualizados, o primeiro, crescimento em função do espaçamento entrelinhas em esquema de parcela subdividida. O segundo, biomassa em função da densidade de plantio, em esquema fatorial. Avaliou-se as variáveis altura de plantas (AP), diâmetro do colmo (DC), angulação da folha +3 (AF 3+), clorofila A e B, relação clorofila A/B e clorofila total, para o experimento I. Já para o II, foram avaliadas a massa fresca e seca das folhas (MFF/MSF), do colmo (MFC/MSC) e total (MFT/MST). A redução do espaçamento entrelinhas acarretou um menor crescimento das plantas e a biomassa apresentou maiores valores nos menores espaçamentos entrelinhas e entre plantas. Em Pentecoste – CE, para o crescimento do cultivar BRS 511, recomenda-se o espaçamento entrelinhas de 70 cm. Para a biomassa do sorgo sacarino, recomenda-se reduzir a densidade de plantas para 50 cm entrelinhas e 0,8 cm entre plantas, obtendo-se 250.000 plantas por hectare.Palavras-chave: Sorghum bicolor, etanol, densidade de plantas, semiárido. ABSTRACT: The experiment was conducted at the Vale do Curu Experimental Farm of the Federal University of Ceará in Pentecoste in the State of Ceará, Brazil. The aim was to evaluate the interference of spacing in the growth and biomass production of sweet sorghum. The BRS 511 cultivar was analysed in two experiments in a randomised block design; the first, for growth as a function of the inter-row spacing, in a scheme of subdivided plots, and the second, in a factorial scheme, for biomass as a function of planting density. The following variables were evaluated in Experiment I: Plant height (HP), stem diameter (SD), +3 leaf angulation (LA+3), chlorophyll a and b, the chlorophyll a to b ratio and total chlorophyll. The fresh and dry weight of the leaves (LFW/LDW) and the stems (SFW/SDW), and the total fresh and dry weight (TFW/TDW) were evaluated in Experiment II. A reduction in the inter-row spacing resulted in less plant growth; biomass showed higher values at the smallest spacings between rows and between plants. In Pentecoste, an inter-row spacing of 70 cm is recommended for growing the BRS 511 cultivar. For sweet-sorghum biomass, a reduction in plant density to 50 cm between rows and 0.8 cm between plants is recommended to obtain a yield of 250,000 plants per hectare.Keywords: Coffea canephora, estrobilurinas, Hemileia vastatrix, respostas fisiológicas, triazóis.

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