scholarly journals Photoperiod of Poinsettia Stock Plants Influences Adventitious Rooting of Cuttings

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 567a-567
Author(s):  
Michael J. Roll ◽  
Steven E. Newman
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Stock Plant ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Stage ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings

The rooting efficiency of cuttings from three poinsettia cultivars were evaluated after regulating the photoperiod during the stock plant stage. `Freedom Red', `Monet', and `V-17 Angelika Marble' stock plants were exposed to an extended photoperiod and to natural day length during September 1995. `Freedom Red' cuttings rooted more quickly under an extended photoperiod compared to those under natural day length. Furthermore, root dry weight from these cuttings was greater than cuttings from stock plants grown under natural day length. `Monet' cuttings also rooted more quickly when the stock plants were under an extended photoperiod, and showed similar differences in root weight as `Freedom Red'. Cuttings from `V-17 Angelika Marble' were not influenced by photoperiod. Lighting stock plants to block flower initiation produces a higher quality cutting when propagation takes place after the critical day length for flowering has passed.

scholarly journals Photoperiod of Poinsettia Stock Plants Influences Rooting of Cuttings

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
Michael J. Roll ◽  
Steven E. Newman
Keyword(s):  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Euphorbia Pulcherrima ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Stock Plant ◽  
Critical Daylength ◽  
Plant Stage ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings

Rooting of cuttings from three cultivars of Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. was evaluated after regulating the photoperiod during the stock plant stage. One group of stock plants was exposed to a night break (4 hours) and another group was exposed to natural daylength during September. Cuttings harvested in late September from `Freedom Red' and `Monet' stock plants grown under the 4-hour night break rooted more rapidly and had greater root mass than `Freedom Red' and `Monet' grown under natural daylength, whereas rooting of cuttings from `V-17 Angelika Marble' was not influenced by the photoperiods tested. Using a night break to prevent flower initiation of stock plants produced a higher-quality cutting when propagation took place after the critical daylength for flowering had passed.

scholarly journals Needle-Clipping Longleaf Pine and Top-Pruning Loblolly Pine in Bareroot Nurseries

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. South
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Root Weight Ratio ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Average Survival

Abstract Studies have shown that clipping needles of longleaf pine before outplanting can increase average seedling survival by 13 percentage points. Under some situations, the increase in survival might be due to a reduction in transpiration. For loblolly pine, top-pruning in the nursery might increase average survival by 6 percentage points. Benefits of pruning appear greater when seedlings experience stress after planting and when nonpruned seedlings have low root weight ratios (root dry weight/total seedling dry weight). On some droughty sites, a seedling with a 0.3 root weight ratio might have an 80% chance of survival, while a seedling with a 0.2 root weight ratio might only have a 53% chance of survival. In most studies where heights were measured after 3 yr in the field, pruned seedlings were the same height as nonpruned seedlings (± 7 cm). South. J. Appl. For. 22(4):235-240.

scholarly journals Increasing Cell Size and Reducing Medium Compression Enhance Lettuce Transplant Quality and Field Production

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Nicola ◽  
Daniel J. Cantliffe
Keyword(s):  
Cell Size ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Initial Root

`South Bay' lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seedlings were grown in a greenhouse during winter, spring, and fall to investigate the effect of cell size and medium compression on transplant quality and yield. Four Speedling planter flats (1.9-, 10.9-, 19.3-, 39.7-cm3 cells) and two medium compression levels [noncompressed and compressed (1.5 times in weight)] were tested. The two larger cell sizes and compression of the medium led to increased plant shoot growth. Conversely, root weight ratio [RWR = (final root dry weight ÷ final total dry weight + initial root dry weight ÷ initial total dry weight) ÷ 2] was highest with the smaller cells without medium compression. Lettuce transplants were field-grown on sand and muck soils. The larger cells delayed harvest by >2 weeks for plants grown on muck soil, but yield was unaffected. When grown on sandy soil, earliness was enhanced from plants grown in 19- and 40-cm3 cells, but head weights were not affected in the spring planting. In fall, heads were heavier for plants grown in 11-, 19-, or 40-cm3 cells compared with those from 2-cm3 cells. On sandy soil, harvest was delayed 13 days in spring and 16 days in fall for plants grown in the smallest cell size. Using the two smaller cell sizes saved medium and space in the greenhouse and increased the root growth ratio, but it led to reduced plant growth compared to using the bigger cells. Yield and earliness were more related to season and soil type than to transplant quality. On sandy soil, plants grown in 2- and 11-cm3 cells matured later, and yield was significantly decreased (8.6%) in fall by using plants from the 2-cm3 cells compared to the other sizes. From our results, compressing the medium in the cells was not justified because it is more costly and did not benefit yield in the field.

scholarly journals Seedling Growth of Catawba Rhododendron. I. Temperature Optima, Leaf Area, and Dry Weight Distribution

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1298-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Bradley Rowe ◽  
Stuart L. Warren ◽  
Frank A. Blazich
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Weight Ratio ◽  
Leaf Weight ◽  
Total Plant

Catawba rhododendron (Rhododendron catawbiense Michx.) seedlings of two provenances, Johnston County, N.C. (35°45′N, 78°12′W, elevation = 67 m), and Yancey County, N.C. (35°45′N, 82°16′W, elevation = 1954 m), were grown in controlled-environment chambers for 18 weeks with days at 18, 22, 26, or 30C in factorial combination with nights at 14, 18, 22, or 26C. Shoot and root dry weights and total leaf areas of seedlings of the Yancey County provenance (high elevation) exceeded (P ≤ 0.05) those of the Johnston County (low elevation) provenance at all temperature combinations. Leaf area was maximal at 22/22C, 18/26C, and 22/26C and minimal at 30/14C (day/night). Shoot dry weight responded similarly. Root dry weight decreased linearly with increasing day temperature, but showed a quadratic response to night temperature. Leaf weight ratio (leaf dry weight: total plant dry weight) increased, while root weight ratio (root dry weight: total plant dry weight) decreased with increasing day temperature. Leaf weight ratio was consistently higher than either stem or root weight ratios. Day/night cycles of 22 to 26/22C appear optimal for seedling growth.

scholarly journals Alteration of dry matter accumulation under soil moisture fluctuation stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 757-763
Author(s):  
Cut Nur Ichsan ◽  
Bakhtiar Basyah ◽  
Sabaruddin Zakaria ◽  
Efendi Efendi
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Root Depth ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Weight

Drought-flood abrupt alterations (DFAA) is a condition in drought season when sudden rain inundate rice plants. These events are due to the high frequency of extreme climate events that might pose a threat to rice productivity. DFAA causes cumulative stress on rice which affects crop growth and alters dry matter accumulation. This study aims to understand the effect of DFAA to dry matter accumulation by assessing six rice varieties under DFAA. Three treatments were provided such as continuously irrigated as non-water stress (NS) as a control; drought to water stress -35 kPa (DFAA1) followed by sudden flood; drought to severe water stress -70 kPa (DFAA2) followed by abrupt floods; repeated until harvest. The study found that the alteration of dry matter accumulation was determined by root length, root weight, shoot length and shoot weight. Only varieties that are able to increase root depth under water stress fluctuation will be able to maintain the yield. The results of study showed that root depth was positively correlated with shoot length (r = 0.68), shoot weight (r = 0.62), root weight (r = 0.57), percentage of filled grain (r = 0.55) and number of filled grain per hill (r = 0.49). Shoot length was positively correlated with shoot weight (r = 0.83), root weight (r = 0.75) and the number of filled grain (r = 0.62), while shoot weight was only positively correlated with root weight (r = 0.88). This means that only root depth and shoot length can increase the seed setting rate and the number of filled grains per hill. Furthermore, at DFAA2, the percentage of filled grain was highest in Sipulo followed by Bo Santeut, Sanbei, Towuti and Situ Patenggang, which mean that varieties with deeper and heavier root dry weight can maintain higher yields than shallow and low root dry weight. The result of the study may allow to select rice varieties that are resistant to multilevel water-stress and able to maintain the potential yield, by looking at root depth, root dry weight, and through their grain yield in general. These traits could become key indicators for resistance to DFAA stress in rice. It is also necessary to pay attention to the fluctuation of soil water content in critical phases, especially in the reproductive phase and grain filling

scholarly journals Propagation Medium Moisture Level Influences Adventitious Rooting of Woody Stem Cuttings

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Rein ◽  
Robert D. Wright ◽  
John R. Seiler
Keyword(s):  
Water Uptake ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Moisture Level ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Stock Plant ◽  
Xylem Water Potential ◽  
Basal Rot ◽  
Species Incidence ◽  
Propagation Medium

Stem cuttings of Blue Rug juniper (Juniperus horizontalis Moench `Wiltonii'), `Hino-Crimson' azalea [Rhododendron (Lindl.) P1anch `Hino-Crimson'], and `Helleri' holly (Ilex crenata Thunb. `Helleri') were propagated in 1 peat: 1 perlite (v/v) at one of five moisture levels based on medium dry weight (125%, 250%, 375%, 500%, or 625%). Cutting survival and percentage of rooted cuttings were highest at the highest medium moisture level in all three species. Incidence of cutting basal rot was not directly related to medium moisture level, but more to the growth stage of the stock plant. Midday xylem water potential (ψ) of cuttings for each species was highest in the wettest propagation medium and lowest in the driest medium. During propagation, stem cutting ψ below - 2.0 MPa occurred even in the wettest medium tested, and frequently reached - 4.0 MPa in cuttings in the driest treatment (125%). Basal water uptake by cuttings was highest in the wettest medium moisture level. Water uptake was highest during the first few days after insertion, and thereafter decreased until root emergence.

scholarly journals Antitranspirant Treatments of Stock Plants do not alter Growth and Adventitious Rooting of Shoots of ‘Montaigne’ Lilac and White Fringetree

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-244
Author(s):  
Susan M. Switras-Meyer ◽  
Jeffrey H. Gillman
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Stock Plant ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Acrylic Emulsion ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings ◽  
Plant Treatment

Abstract Antitranspirants were evaluated for their effectiveness as a stock plant treatment to improve adventitious rooting of softwood cuttings of Syringa vulgaris L. ‘Montaigne’ (Montaigne lilac) and Chionanthus virginicus L. (white fringe tree). New shoots of S. vulgaris ‘Montaigne’ and C. virginicus were sprayed with one of two film-forming antitranspirants including Clear Spray® (aqueous acrylic emulsion) and sodium silicate; or Atrazine®, a herbicide that acts as a stomate-regulating antitranspirant. Shoot caliper of antitranspirant-treated lilacs increased more slowly than controls. Thirty days after treatment cuttings were taken from both taxa. All treatments resulted in 80 to 85% rooting of cuttings in lilac after 6 weeks, but cuttings from Clear Spray®-treated plants rooted more quickly. Chionanthus virginicus cuttings treated with Clear Spray® had significantly lower rooting (16%) than cuttings taken from Atrazine® treated plants (50%). In a subsequent experiment, antitranspirant treatment had no significant effect on shoot length or caliper of ‘Montaigne’ lilac. Photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and location of cutting on the stock plant were all positively correlated with shoot length, shoot caliper, and cutting diameter. Shoot length and caliper and cutting diameter, however, were all negatively correlated with root number and root length. There were no significant treatment effects on rooting percentage, root number or root length.

scholarly journals Effects of Bacillus FS-3 on growth of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) plants and availability of phosphorus in soil

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 58-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Turan ◽  
N. Ataoglu ◽  
F. Sahin
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Soluble Phosphate ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

The effects of phosphate solubilizing bacterium (<i>Bacillus</i> FS-3) application on phosphorus contents of tomato (<i>Lycopersicon esculentum</i> L.) plant, growing performance and phosphorus forms in soil were evaluated under greenhouse condition. Five different phosphorus fertilizer treatments (normal superphosphate, triple superphosphate, di-ammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid, and rock phosphate) with and without bacterium (<i>Bacillus</i> FS-3) were applied in pots as 344 kg P/ha. Basal fertilizers were applied to all the pots as 180 kg N/ha (NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub> 33% N), 100 kg K/ha (K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> 50% K<sub>2</sub>O). The results obtained showed that phosphorus availability from soil increased with phosphate solubilizing bacterium (PSB) application. The amount of plant available form of soil phosphorus fraction (resin-Pi + NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Pi + NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Po + NaOH-Pi + NaOH-Po) increased with PSB application. In all fertilizer types, bacteria application converted approximately 20% of less available phosphorus into labile forms. Statistically significant differences were obtained in shoot and root dry weight of tomato plants treated with PSB application. In all of the fertilizers, plant shoot and root weight and P uptake were greater with PSB applications than without PSB. The highest shoot-root dry weight and P uptake of plant were determined in triple superphosphate (TSP) with PSB application treatment. The data in the present study suggest that the application of PSB (FS-3) may increase the availability of soluble phosphate by dissolving the inorganic forms of phosphate and that bacterial strain tested in this study has a potential to be used as a bio-fertilizer in sustainable and organic agriculture.

scholarly journals Growth and Production of Determinate and Indeterminate Soybean (Glycine max L.) Influenced by Salinity Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
Danang Adriansyah ◽  
Karno ◽  
Florentina Kusmiyati
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Types ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Pod Number

This research was aimed to determine growth and production of two different growth types of soybean (Glycine max L.) influenced by salinity stress at various levels. This research used Factorial Design based on Completely Randomized Design 2x4 with ten replications. Two soybean growth types were used as the first factor (G1 = Determinate ; G2 = Indeterminate). The second factor was the various levels of soil salinity (S0 = 0.42 dS∙m-1; S1 = 2.93 dS∙m-1; S2 = 4.74 dS∙m-1; S3 = 6.03 dS∙m-1). Data were subjected to analysis of variance and tested further using Tukey’s Honestly Significant Differences (HSD). Parameters observed were plant height (cm), shoot weight (g), shoot dry weight (g), root length (cm), root weight (g), root dry weight (g), and total pod number. Results showed that indeterminate soybean is the best growth type to be planted in salinity stress based on plant height, shoot weight, shoot dry weight, root length, root weight, root dry weight, and total pod number, significantly different from determinate soybean. Salinity stress under 2.93 dS∙m-1 had the better results in plant height, root weight, and root dry weight.

scholarly journals Vegetative propagation of mate from shoot cuttings induced by coppicing of selected plants

2020 ◽  
pp. 1849-1860
Author(s):  
Denise Gazzana ◽  
Nathalia Pimentel ◽  
Gabriele Tais Lohmann ◽  
Luciane Grendene Maculan ◽  
Dilson Antônio Bisognin
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Stock Plant ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Environmental Importance ◽  
Vegetative Propagules ◽  
Adult Plants

Mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil) is an arboreal species of great economic and socio-environmental importance, which presents difficulties in the adventitious rooting process. The rhizogenic competence of vegetative propagules of mate can be attained by coppicing, but the factors that influence the success of this technique have not yet been elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the stock plant, time of shoot collection, treatment with indolebutyric acid (IBA) and diameter of vegetative propagules in the adventitious rooting of cuttings from shoots induced by coppicing of selected adult plants of mate. Shoots produced from coppiced 13SM01 and 13SM05 stock plants were collected at different times of the year to prepare single-bud cuttings. The cuttings were measured as their diameter in the central portion and treated with 0 and 3000 mg L-1 of IBA. After 60 days, cuttings were evaluated to determine survival and rooting percentages, number of roots, and length of the three largest roots. A completely randomized design was used in a 4 × 2 × 2 × 13 (collection times x stock plants x IBA treatment x diameter classes) factorial scheme with 15 replications. Competence for adventitious rooting was highest for stock plant 13SM05. Cuttings collected in November and February had the highest rooting percentages, without the need of IBA treatment. Cuttings from 13SM01 and 13SM05 with diameters smaller than 0.636 cm (classes 1 to 6) and smaller than 0.712 cm (classes 1 to 7), respectively, had the highest rooting percentages and differed significantly from cuttings with larger diameters. Thus, the results of the present study indicate that stock plants, time of shoot collection, and diameter of vegetative propagules influence adventitious rooting competence of mate cuttings from coppicing adult plants. Rooting of mate cuttings with lower rhizogenic competence is influenced by the application of 3000 mg L-1 of IBA.

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