scholarly journals 441 Best Grapefruit Harvest Time for Potential Health Benefit of Pectin

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 520D-520
Author(s):  
Y. Liu ◽  
B.S. Patil ◽  
H. Ahmad ◽  
D.T. Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Neutral Sugar ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Pectin Content ◽  
Uronic Acid Content

Pectin is a class of complex polysaccharides that function as hydrating agents and cementing materials for the cellulose network. Pectin has various health benefits, such as decreasing serum cholesterol levels, alleviating diabetes mellitus, and preventing cancer. It has been reported that the cancer prevention effect is closely related to the structure of pectin (galactose-rich, molecular weight <10,000, and methylation degree 50% to 70%). This study was conducted to investigate the variation of grapefruit pectin content due to harvest time. `Rio Red' grapefruit on sour orange rootstock grown at Texas A&M Univ.-Kingsville Citrus Center were harvested every 2 months and analyzed for pectin content, galacturonic acid concentration, methylation degree, and neutral sugar composition. Results showed that lamella contains more pectin than flavedo and albedo. In the lamella, the edible section, the uronic acid content ranged from 85% to 90% from August to April the following year. Methylation degree increased from August (31.89%) to April (46.99%). Total neutral sugar content of lamella pectin decreased from 110.54 to 61.77% mg·g -1. Galactose, arabinose, and rhamnose are the major sugar contents of pectin (85%), and glucose content increased with the season from 3.14 to 13.34 mg·g-1. Molecular weight of pectin was also determined.

scholarly journals Product Characterization and Marketing Strategy of “BREM UNGU”: Rejuvenation of Indonesian Traditional Food with Local Purple Sweet Potato as the Source of Natural Colorant

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Greta Jatiyati ◽  
Benedieta Prytania Jessica ◽  
Renny Indrawati
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Yeast Fermentation ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Glutinous Rice ◽  
Purple Sweet Potato

Solid brem is an indigenous fermented food of Indonesia, which often has typical form of long thick bar, white to yellow in color, sweet-sour taste with cooling sensation, and it is easy to crumble by the presence of water. These unique characteristics are generated through alcoholic fermentation of glutinous rice, followed by filtration, concentration, whipping and dehydration. Although it is continuously produced and sold as regional specialties of Madiun, East Java, most people refuse to consume this solid brem due to its high sugar content and lack of information that describes its potential health benefits. The present study is attempting the possibility of combining glutinous rice with another local material having well-known health benefit. Here, we utilize the potency of local purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas var. Gunung Kawi), being rich in carbohydrate and anthocyanines, to partly substitute the glutinous rice while adding the health benefits of the final product. The present anthocyanins in sweet potato has been well-studied, exhibiting antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and hepatoprotective activities. The raw materials were subjected to yeast fermentation for 7 days, and subsequently extracted using manual mechanical press. A series of materials ratio (extract of fermented glutinous rice: purple sweet potato = 30:1, 15:1, 15:2) was determined prior to dehydration of brem, and then the color, sugar content, pH, antioxidant activity, and sensory properties of the resulted product were analyzed. Moreover, the competitive analysis and marketing strategy will also be discussed in order to make sure the sustainability of this new innovation.

scholarly journals Metabolism of a Glycosaminoglycan during Metamorphosis in the Japanese Conger eel,Conger myriaster

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Kawakami ◽  
Hiromi Oku ◽  
Kazuharu Nomura ◽  
Shigeaki Gorie ◽  
Hiromi Ohta
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Life History ◽  
Metabolic Pathway ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Life History Stage ◽  
Neutral Sugar ◽  
Conger Myriaster ◽  
Control Body ◽  
Conger Eel

Hyaluronan (HA) is a linear polysaccharide of high molecular weight that exists as a component of the extracellular matrix. The larvae (leptocephali) of the Japanese conger eel (Anguilliformes:Conger myriaster) have high levels of hyaluronan (HA) which is thought to help control body water content. We isolated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) from Japanese conger eel leptocephali and measured the changes in tissue HA content during metamorphosis. HA content decreased during metamorphosis. In contrast, neutral sugar content increased during metamorphosis. We hypothesize that the leptocephali utilize a metabolic pathway that converts HA to glucose during metamorphosis. Glucose may then be metabolized to glycogen and stored in the juvenile life-history stage.

scholarly journals The effects of concentrated barley β-glucan on blood lipids in a population of hypercholesterolaemic men and women

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 1162-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Keenan ◽  
Melanie Goulson ◽  
Tatyana Shamliyan ◽  
Nathan Knutson ◽  
Lore Kolberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Soluble Fibre ◽  
Treatment Groups

Barley, like oats, is a rich source of the soluble fibre β-glucan, which has been shown to significantly lower LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C). However, barley foods have been less widely studied. Therefore, we evaluated the LDL-C-lowering effect of a concentrated barley β-glucan (BBG) extract as a vehicle to deliver this potential health benefit of barley. In a 10-week blinded controlled study, subjects were randomized to one of four treatment groups or control. Treatment groups included either high molecular weight (HMW) or low molecular weight (LMW) BBG at both 3 and 5 g doses. Treatment was delivered twice per day with meals in the form of two functional food products: a ready-to-eat cereal and a reduced-calorie fruit juice beverage. Levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), and TAG were determined at baseline and after 6 weeks of treatment. The study group comprised 155 subjects. All treatments were well tolerated and after 6 weeks of treatment the mean LDL-C levels fell by 15 % in the 5 g HMW group, 13 % in the 5 g LMW group and 9 % in both the 3 g/d groups, versus baseline. Similar results were observed for total cholesterol. HDL-C levels were unchanged by treatment. Concentrated BBG significantly improves LDL-C and total cholesterol among moderately dyslipidaemic subjects. Food products containing concentrated BBG should be considered an effective option for improving blood lipids.

Development of the sugar beet quality in the Netherlands since 1980 and introduction of invert sugar as a new parameter for beet quality assessment

2015 ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk P. Vermeulen
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Invert Sugar ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Thick Juice ◽  
Trial Phase

The technological beet quality has been always important for the processors of sugar beet. An investigation into the development of the beet quality in the Netherlands since 1980 has shown that beet quality has improved significantly. Internal quality parameters that are traditionally determined in the beet laboratory, i.e. sugar content, Na, K and -aminoN, all show an improving trend over the years. In the factories, better beet quality has led to lower lime consumption in the juice purification and significantly higher thick juice purity. In 2013, Suiker Unie introduced the serial analysis of the glucose content in beet brei as part of the routine quality assessment of the beet. The invert sugar content is subsequently calculated from glucose content with a new correlation. The background, the trial phase and the first experiences with the glucose analyzer are discussed.

Cold Sweetening in Diploid Potato: Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 162 (3) ◽  
pp. 1423-1434
Author(s):  
Cristina M Menéndez ◽  
Enrique Ritter ◽  
Ralf Schäfer-Pregl ◽  
Birgit Walkemeier ◽  
Alexandra Kalde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Candidate Gene Approach ◽  
Diploid Potato ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Cold Sweetening

Abstract A candidate gene approach has been used as a first step to identify the molecular basis of quantitative trait variation in potato. Sugar content of tubers upon cold storage was the model trait chosen because the metabolic pathways involved in starch and sugar metabolism are well known and many of the genes have been cloned. Tubers of two F1 populations of diploid potato grown in six environments were evaluated for sugar content after cold storage. The populations were genotyped with RFLP, AFLP, and candidate gene markers. QTL analysis revealed that QTL for glucose, fructose, and sucrose content were located on all potato chromosomes. Most QTL for glucose content mapped to the same positions as QTL for fructose content. QTL explaining &gt;10% of the variability for reducing sugars were located on linkage groups I, III, VII, VIII, IX, and XI. QTL consistent across populations and/or environments were identified. QTL were linked to genes encoding invertase, sucrose synthase 3, sucrose phosphate synthase, ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, sucrose transporter 1, and a putative sucrose sensor. The results suggest that allelic variants of enzymes operating in carbohydrate metabolic pathways contribute to the genetic variation in cold sweetening.

scholarly journals Resolution, purification and some properties of the multiple forms of cellobiose quinone dehydrogenase from the white-rot fungus Sporotrichum pulverulentum

1986 ◽  
Vol 236 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
F F Morpeth ◽  
G D Jones
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Sedimentation Equilibrium ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Neutral Sugar ◽  
Apparent Difference ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Sporotrichum Pulverulentum ◽  
Similar Kinetic

Four forms of cellobiose quinone dehydrogenase have been purified from the white-rot fungus Sporotrichum pulverulentum. The Mr of the enzyme has been estimated by sedimentation equilibrium to be 57,800 and by SDS/polyacrylamide-gel to be 60,000. These enzymes are clearly monomers. Cellobiose quinone dehydrogenases contain FAD and variable amounts of a green chromophore which we suggest is 6-hydroxy-FAD. The superoxide anion and H2O2 are the products of its reaction with oxygen. All of the isoenzymes from any one preparation display similar kinetic parameters. However, these vary between preparations. The only apparent difference between the four separable isoenzymes is their neutral-sugar content.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Novel Fructosyltransferase from Lactobacillus reuteri That Synthesizes High-Molecular-Weight Inulin and Inulin Oligosaccharides

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 4390-4398 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. F. T. van Hijum ◽  
G. H. van Geel-Schutten ◽  
H. Rahaoui ◽  
M. J. E. C. van der Maarel ◽  
L. Dijkhuizen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Encoding Gene ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Fructosyltransferase (FTF) enzymes produce fructose polymers (fructans) from sucrose. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of an FTF-encoding gene from Lactobacillus reuteri strain 121. A C-terminally truncated version of the ftf gene was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli. When incubated with sucrose, the purified recombinant FTF enzyme produced large amounts of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) with β-(2→1)-linked fructosyl units, plus a high-molecular-weight fructan polymer (>107) with β-(2→1) linkages (an inulin). FOS, but not inulin, was found in supernatants of L. reuteri strain 121 cultures grown on medium containing sucrose. Bacterial inulin production has been reported for only Streptococcus mutans strains. FOS production has been reported for a few bacterial strains. This paper reports the first-time isolation and molecular characterization of (i) a Lactobacillus ftf gene, (ii) an inulosucrase associated with a generally regarded as safe bacterium, (iii) an FTF enzyme synthesizing both a high molecular weight inulin and FOS, and (iv) an FTF protein containing a cell wall-anchoring LPXTG motif. The biological relevance and potential health benefits of an inulosucrase associated with an L. reuteri strain remain to be established.

scholarly journals The Clash of Microbiomes: From the Food Matrix to the Host Gut

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Despoina Eugenia Kiousi ◽  
Nikos Chorianopoulos ◽  
Chrysoula C. Tassou ◽  
Alex Galanis
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Empirical Observation ◽  
New Era ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics

Food fermentation has led to the improvement of the safety characteristics of raw materials and the production of new foodstuffs with elevated organoleptic characteristics. The empirical observation that these products could have a potential health benefit has garnered the attention of the scientific community. Therefore, several studies have been conducted in animal and human hosts to decipher which of these products may have a beneficial outcome against specific ailments. However, despite the accumulating literature, a relatively small number of products have been authorized as ‘functional foods’ by regulatory bodies. Data inconsistency and lack of in-depth preclinical characterization of functional products could heavily contribute to this issue. Today, the increased availability of omics platforms and bioinformatic algorithms for comprehensive data analysis can aid in the systematic characterization of microbe–microbe, microbe–matrix, and microbe–host interactions, providing useful insights about the maximization of their beneficial effects. The incorporation of these platforms in food science remains a challenge; however, coordinated efforts and interdisciplinary collaboration could push the field toward the dawn of a new era.

scholarly journals Pediococcus acidilactici Strains Improve Constipation Symptoms and Regulate Intestinal Flora in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiteng Qiao ◽  
Zhichang Qiu ◽  
Fengwei Tian ◽  
Leilei Yu ◽  
Jianxin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit ◽  
Regulatory Peptides ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Pediococcus Acidilactici ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Limited Degree ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Constipation is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder that seriously reduces the quality of life. Clinical studies have shown that a great change or severe imbalance occurs in the intestinal microbiota of people with constipation. This study explored whether bacteriocin-producing and non-bacteriocin-producing Pediococcus acidilactici strains resulted in differences in the alleviation of constipation and changes in the fecal flora in BALB/c mice. The constipation-related indicators, gastrointestinal regulatory peptides and gut microbiota were identified to evaluate their alleviating effects and underlying mechanisms. The time to the first black-stool defecation and the gastrointestinal transit rate in constipated mice were found to be somewhat improved by four P. acidilactici strains (P &gt; 0.05). Moreover, there were significant differences in the level of most gastrointestinal regulatory peptides in the serum, as well as in the composition and abundance of intestinal microbiota in different groups (P &lt; 0.05). At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Firmicutes was significantly increased, but those of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were significantly reduced after the administration of four P. acidilactici strains for 14 d (P &lt; 0.05). The levels of Bacteroides and genera from Enterobacteriaceae were significantly decreased, whereas Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were upregulated when bacteriocin-producing P. acidilactici CCFM18 and CCFM28 strains were provided in the diet (P &lt; 0.05). The results indicated that although constipation-related symptoms were alleviated to only a limited degree, the administration of four P. acidilactici strains effectively regulated the gut flora and provided a potential health benefit to the host, especially the bacteriocin-producing P. acidilactici strains.

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