scholarly journals 013 Investigations of Curative and Peventive Control Strategies for Fairy Ring Disease in Turfgrass

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 390B-390
Author(s):  
M. Fidanza ◽  
P. Colbaugh ◽  
H. Couch ◽  
M. Elliott ◽  
S. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Preventive Program ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Nitrogen Fertility ◽  
High Pressure Injection ◽  
And Control ◽  
Basidiomycete Fungi

Fairy ring has become a troublesome and persistent disease on golf course putting greens and other turf areas in most regions of the United States. Many basidiomycete fungi are associated with this destructive disease in turfgrass. Recent widespread epidemics of fairy ring have led investigators to examine possible management and control options. Curative approaches include topical flutolanil fungicide applications in conjunction with soil surfactants, the application of flutolanil under high-pressure injection, and the use of nitrogen fertility programs. These curative programs were effective at suppressing visual symptoms and turfgrass injury. A preventive approach evaluated repeat applications of flutolanil plus a soil surfactant prior to disease development. This preventive program was effective at eliminating visual disease symptoms on bermudagrass putting greens. Information presented will review results from field research studies conducted over the past 3 years in Florida, North Carolina, Ohio, Texas, and Virginia.

A Methodology for Identifying Ergonomics Risk Factors and Measuring the Results of Implementation of Corrective Actions

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 717-721
Author(s):  
Marilyn Joyce ◽  
Andrew J. Marcotte ◽  
Richard Barker ◽  
Edward J. Klinenberg
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
The United States ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Office Environments ◽  
And Control ◽  
Administrative Tasks

A methodology for identifying ergonomics risk factors and control strategies in office environments has been developed and pilot tested. Developed as part of an overall ergonomics program being implemented by the United States Air Force, the employees impacted include both civilian and military personnel performing a wide range of administrative tasks typically performed in offices. The research design included: a focused literature review; strategic site visits; and review of criteria established by the Air Force; an iterative developmental process of a Screening Survey and an Ergonomics Assessment Methodology Guide; and testing. The results indicate that the process can be used as an effective means for identifying and controlling ergonomics hazards in administrative work areas.

scholarly journals An Assessment Model for Rating High-Threat Crop Pathogens

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 616-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. W. Schaad ◽  
J. Abrams ◽  
L. V. Madden ◽  
R. D. Frederick ◽  
D. G. Luster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Threat Assessment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Rating Model ◽  
And Control ◽  
High Threat

Natural, accidental, and deliberate introductions of nonindigenous crop pathogens have become increasingly recognized as threats to the U.S. economy. Given the large number of pathogens that could be introduced, development of rapid detection methods and control strategies for every potential agent would be extremely difficult and costly. Thus, to ensure the most effective direction of resources a list of high-threat pathogens is needed. We address development of a pathogen threat assessment model based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) that can be applied world-wide, using the United States as an illustrative example. Previously, the AHP has been shown to work well for strategic planning and risk assessment. Using the collective knowledge of subject matter expert panels incorporated into commercial decision-making software, 17 biological and economic criteria were determined and given weights for assessing the threat of accidental or deliberately introduced pathogens. The rating model can be applied by experts on particular crops to develop threat lists, especially those of high priority, based on the current knowledge of individual diseases.

Ecology and Control of Russian Thistle (Salsola iberica) After Spring Wheat Harvest

Weed Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Schillinger
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Salsola Iberica ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Erosion

Russian thistle is the most problematic broadleaf weed for spring-sown crops in the low-precipitation (< 340 mm yr−1) region of the inland Pacific Northwest of the United States. A 6-yr field experiment was conducted at Lind, WA, to evaluate three postharvest control strategies for Russian thistle in continuous annual spring wheat. Postharvest treatments were (1) tillage with low-disturbance overlapping undercutter V-blade sweeps; (2) paraquat + diuron at the labeled rate, which is widely used by farmers; and (3) an untreated check (letting Russian thistle grow unhindered). The undercutter V-sweep consistently killed all Russian thistle with essentially no residue burial, and no seed was produced. In contrast, the paraquat + diuron treatment halted Russian thistle dry biomass production, but plants continued to extract soil water and produce an average of 310 seeds m−2on the lower branches. In the check, Russian thistle produced an average of 700 kg ha−1postharvest dry biomass and 5,670 seeds m−2. The undercutter V-sweep treatment had significantly more water in the 180-cm soil profile at time of wheat harvest, after a killing frost in October, and in mid March as well as greater spring wheat grain yield compared with the herbicide and check treatments. Results show that postharvest tillage with an undercutter V-sweep consistently achieved 100% control, retained ample wheat residue on the surface to control erosion, and was by far the most effective treatment in this experiment.

scholarly journals Modeling the COVID-19 Epidemic With Multi-Population and Control Strategies in the United States

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deshun Sun ◽  
Xiaojun Long ◽  
Jingxiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Basic Reproductive Number ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
And Control ◽  
Sensitive Parameters

As of January 19, 2021, the cumulative number of people infected with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in the United States has reached 24,433,486, and the number is still rising. The outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic has not only affected the development of the global economy but also seriously threatened the lives and health of human beings around the world. According to the transmission characteristics of COVID-19 in the population, this study established a theoretical differential equation mathematical model, estimated model parameters through epidemiological data, obtained accurate mathematical models, and adopted global sensitivity analysis methods to screen sensitive parameters that significantly affect the development of the epidemic. Based on the established precise mathematical model, we calculate the basic reproductive number of the epidemic, evaluate the transmission capacity of the COVID-19 epidemic, and predict the development trend of the epidemic. By analyzing the sensitivity of parameters and finding sensitive parameters, we can provide effective control strategies for epidemic prevention and control. After appropriate modifications, the model can also be used for mathematical modeling of epidemics in other countries or other infectious diseases.

Viral Cancers and Behavior

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Susan T. Vadaparampil ◽  
Lindsay N. Fuzzell ◽  
Shannon M. Christy ◽  
Monica L. Kasting ◽  
Julie Rathwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Antiretroviral Medications ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Infectious Cancer ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
And Control

One in every six cancers globally can be attributed to an infection. Human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) play a role in the development of over 1.2 million new cancers each year and are responsible for nearly 50% of the infectious cancer burden in the United States. Virus-attributable cancers occur more frequently in those living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The chapter reviews high-risk lifestyle behaviors, including high number of lifetime sexual partners and injection drug use, that increase the risk of acquiring HPV, HBV, HCV, and HIV. It reviews prevention and control strategies for these viruses and associated cancers, including lifestyle behaviors, vaccination, screening, and/or appropriate use of antiretroviral medications.

scholarly journals Farmers’ knowledge, perception and practices in soybean bacterial leaf pustule management in Benin

2021 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 16289-16298
Author(s):  
Gildas Codjo TCHEMADON ◽  
Valerien Amegnikin ZINSOU ◽  
Rachidatou SIKIROU ◽  
Moussa ZIME SOKO N’DOURO
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Pod Development ◽  
And Control ◽  
Chemical Pesticides ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Objective: This study aims to investigate the knowledge, perception and control strategies locally used by farmers against soybean bacterial leaf pustule in Benin. Methodology and Results: An investigation was conducted on farmers’ soybean knowledge, perception and practices (KPP) on the management of soybean bacterial leaf pustule in four Agro-Ecological Zones (AEZ) of Benin with high soybean production during August and September 2020. One hundred and sixty-eight (168) farmers were surveyed through face-to-face interviews using semi-structured questionnaire and visual observations in the field. After observing the disease symptoms through photos, about 69% of farmers asserted that soybean bacterial leaf pustule was present in their fields with low, medium or high incidences, from one to about ten years but the majority of farmers (85.4%) do not consider it a disease. They perceived the disease symptoms at all stages of the plant's development with peak severity during the pre-flowering (1.9%), flowering (37.4%), and pod development (44.6%). However, disease management was not performed by the majority of farmers with 100%; 94.6%; 91.9% and 73.3%, in AEZ IV, III, V and II respectively. The reasons are lack of knowledge on management practices; the unavailability of effective pesticides and lack of financial resources. Pesticides were used by 26.5%, 8.1%, and 5.4% in AEZ II, AEZ V and AEZ III respectively. Conclusions and application of findings: They used pesticides in AEZ II, III and V; mainly insecticides in AEZ II. No control strategy is adopted in AEZ IV. Thus, to limit the use of chemical pesticides, especially insecticides, better information on integrated management of soybean bacterial leaf pustule is needed. In addition, the establishment of an efficient popularization system of the scientific research results is essential. Keywords: farmers’ KPP, bacterial leaf pustule, soybean, management, Benin

When Temporal Orbits Collide: Embodied Trans Temporalities in U.S. Prisons

Somatechnics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rae Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Prison Industrial Complex ◽  
Trans Women ◽  
And Control

This paper explores trans temporalities through the experiences of incarcerated trans feminine persons in the United States. The Prison Industrial Complex (PIC) has received increased attention for its disproportionate containment of trans feminine persons, notably trans women of colour. As a system of domination and control, the PIC uses disciplinary and heteronormative time to dominate the bodies and identities of transgender prisoners by limiting the ways in which they can express and experience their identified and embodied genders. By analyzing three case studies from my research with incarcerated trans feminine persons, this paper illustrates how temporality is complexly woven through trans feminine prisoners' experiences of transitioning in the PIC. For incarcerated trans feminine persons, the interruption, refusal, or permission of transitioning in the PIC invites several gendered pasts into a body's present and places these temporalities in conversation with varying futures as the body's potential. Analyzing trans temporalities reveals time as layered through gender, inviting multiple pasts and futures to circulate around and through the body's present in ways that can be both harmful to, and necessary for, the assertion and survival of trans feminine identities in the PIC.

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