scholarly journals Effect of Temperature, Photoperiod, and Pretreatment Growing Condition on Floral Induction in Spring-bearing Strawberry

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 556B-556a
Author(s):  
Xiuren Zhang ◽  
David G. Himelrick ◽  
Floyd M. Woods ◽  
Robert C. Ebel
Keyword(s):  
Floral Induction ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Inductive Cycle ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
Flowering Rate ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Growth Chambers ◽  
Growing Conditions

`Chandler' strawberry plants (Fragaria Xananassa Duch.) were greenhouse grown under natural lighting and then placed into growth chambers at two constant temperatures of 16 and 26 °C and 2 daylengths of 9 h (SD) and 9-h photoperiod (NI) which was night interrupted with 3 hours of incandescent radiation at 30-45 μmol·s-1·m-2 PAR. Plants were given different numbers of inductive cycles in growth chambers and then moved to the greenhouse. Flowering and growth were monitored. Flowering was completely inhibited at 26 °C, regardless of pretreatment growing conditions such as pot sizes and plant ages, photoperiod, and inductive cycles. At 16 °C, SD promoted floral induction compared to NI under all inductive cycles except a 7-day induction. The minimum number of inductive cycles required at 16 °C for floral induction was dependent on photoperiod and prior greenhouse treatment. Flowering rate was also affected by greenhouse treatment, photoperiod, and inductive cycles. Runner production was affected by photoperiod and temperature × inductive cycle.

Low red: Far-red light ratio causes faster in vitro flowering in lentil

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 908-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid H. Mobini ◽  
Monika Lulsdorf ◽  
Thomas D. Warkentin ◽  
Albert Vandenberg
Keyword(s):  
Floral Induction ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Critical Threshold ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Flowering Rate ◽  
R:Fr Ratio ◽  
Growth Chambers ◽  
Light Spectral Quality

Artificial light in growth chambers typically has a higher red to far-red (R:FR) ratio compared with natural light. This higher ratio may delay flowering and reduce plant height in some long-day plants. Modification of light spectral quality to lower than the critical threshold of R:FR for a given plant species can have important implications with respect to plant structural and physiological traits. The objective of this study was to accelerate lentil (Lens culinaris) flower induction in growth chambers re-fitted with T5 fluorescent bulbs, using supplemental FR bulbs to re-balance the R:FR ratio. Lentil cultivars CDC Greenland and CDC Maxim were grown under three light sources differing in R:FR, namely light emitting diodes (LED; R:FR = 3.09), T5 fluorescent bulbs (R:FR = 5.6), and T5 supplemented with near far-red bulbs (R:FR = 3.1). All three light sources provided 500 µmol m−2 s−1 of photosynthetic photon flux (PPF). Lentil floral induction was significantly affected by the R:FR ratio. Plants grown under R:FR ratios of 3.1 or less flowered 10–11 d earlier than plants grown under an R:FR ratio of 5.6. Both cultivars had the same response to R:FR ratio in terms of days to flowering and flowering rate.

scholarly journals The effect of temperature and crown size on asparagus yielding

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Gąsecka ◽  
Włodzimierz Krzesińsk ◽  
Jerzy Stachowiak ◽  
Mikołaj Knaflewski
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Total Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Weight Content ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Growth Chambers ◽  
Crown Size

Abstract In order to determine the effect of temperature on asparagus yielding in the case of different crown sizes, asparagus plants were planted in growth chambers, in an aeroponic system with recirculation. The results show that asparagus yield was dependent on air temperature and crown size; however, crown size had a greater influence on the yield. The diameter and weight of the asparagus spears were also dependent on crown size. Higher dry weight content, degrees Brix, fructan and total carbohydrate content in storage roots were documented in large crown asparagus plants before and after harvest. Large sized crowns were also shown to build thicker and higher ferns.

Effect of Temperature on Clopyralid Safety in Strawberry

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaun M. Sharpe ◽  
Nathan S. Boyd ◽  
Peter J. Dittmar ◽  
Greg E. MacDonald ◽  
Rebecca L. Darnell
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Horticultural Crop ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Growing Conditions

AbstractStrawberry is an important horticultural crop in Florida. The long growing season and escapes from fumigation and PRE herbicides necessitate POST weed management to maximize harvest potential and efficiency. Alternatives to hand-weeding are desirable, but clopyralid is the only broadleaf herbicide registered for use. Weed control may be improved by early-season clopyralid applications, but at risk of high temperature and increased strawberry injury. The effect of temperature on clopyralid safety on strawberry is unknown. We undertook a growth chamber experiment using a completely randomized design to determine crop safety under various temperature conditions across acclimation, herbicide application, and post-application periods. There was no effect of clopyralid on the number of strawberry leaves across all temperatures. Damage to the strawberry manifested as leaf malformations. Acclimation temperatures affected clopyralid-associated injury (p=0.0309), with increased leaf malformations at higher temperatures (27 C) compared to lower (18 C) temperatures. Pre-treatment temperatures did not affect clopyralid injury. Post-application temperature also affected clopyralid injury (p=0.0161), with increased leaf malformations at higher temperatures compared to lower ones. Clopyralid application did not reduce flowering or biomass production in the growth chamber. If leaf malformations are to be avoided, consideration to growing conditions prior to application is advisable, especially if applying clopyralid early in the season.

scholarly journals Tomato hybrids recommended for growing in photoculture conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
V. G. Korol
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Greenhouse Vegetable ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
The Cost

Relevance. The most important influence on the yield, the timing of growing vegetables in greenhouses and the cost of the resulting crop, in addition to the arrival of solar radiation, is exerted by the presence of a system of artificial lighting in greenhouses and its capacity.It is no exaggeration to say that today artificial lighting in greenhouses is more effective than natural lighting. So, to obtain one kilogram of vegetables using artificial lighting, it is necessary to spend 4.5-5.0 thousand J/cm2, and in the case of natural lighting: 5.0-6.5 thousand J/cm2. This is due to the fact that when using artificial lighting in the greenhouse, we create the most comfortable growing conditions for the plants. Of course, every culture, every hybrid requires its own illumination parameters, so you should not try to formulate what the ideal artificial lighting will be. Proper lighting means getting the maximum yield from your crops at the lowest cost. An increase in the productivity of plants when grown under photoculture conditions occurs not only due to an increase in the lighting power per unit area of greenhouses, but also due to correctly selected hybrids. The cultivated hybrid is one of the most important criteria for both increasing its productivity and improving the quality of the fruit. But not all tomato hybrids recommended by breeding companies for growing under artificial lighting are ideal for such conditions.Methods. The methods used in agronomic science were used. The information base of the research was made up of reference materials from specialized publications on the subject under study (catalogs of breeding companies); materials received from participants in the greenhouse vegetable market (breeding companies, greenhouse plants); own research, articles and reviews in specialized journals.Results. Correctly selected tomato hybrids provide a significant increase in productivity in greenhouses, an improvement in fruit quality and a balanced cultivation technology under these conditions. An assortment of recommended tomato hybrids for growing in photoculture conditions is presented, an analysis of their advantages and disadvantages is made, and the main requirements for hybrids for these conditions are formulated.

Indução floral de beterraba por meio de vernalização artificial das raízes nas condições de Brasília / Table beet floral induction by artificial vernalization of roots under Brasília conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando A. Costa ◽  
Warley M. Nascimento ◽  
Patrícia P. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
De Se ◽  
Optimal Period ◽  
Flowering Rate

A beterraba é uma planta bianual que requer exposição a temperaturas baixas e a fotoperíodos longos para indução do florescimento. Esta espécie, em geral, não floresce naturalmente na maioria das regiões brasileiras, incluindo as condições de temperatura e comprimento do dia de Brasília. Assim, a duração da exposição a temperaturas baixas em câmaras frigoríficas deve ser quantificada para avaliar a viabilidade de se produzir sementes de beterraba por meio da vernalização artificial das raízes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o período ideal do tratamento térmico de raízes de beterraba por meio da vernalização artificial visando ao florescimento das plantas nas condições de Brasília. Foram avaliados diferentes períodos de exposição ao frio (5°C): 0, 30, 60 e 90 dias, utilizando raízes da cultivar Itapuã 202 produzidas na Embrapa Hortaliças. Após esse período, as raízes foram levadas para o campo. A baixa porcentagem de florescimento (variando de 31 a 54%) obtida sugere a inviabilidade comercial do uso da vernalização artificial de raízes de beterraba para indução floral da cultivar Itapuã 202 nas condições de Brasília.   ABSTRACT Beet is a biennial plant with requirement of exposure to low temperatures and long photoperiods. This species usually does not flower naturally in most parts of Brazil, including Brasília conditions of temperature and day length. Thus, the treatment duration in cold storage should be quantified to evaluate the feasibility of producing beet seed from artificially vernalized roots. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal period of cold treatment of tablebeet through artificial vernalization to flower plants under Brasilia conditions. Different durations of exposure to cold (5°C) were evaluated: 0, 30, 60 and 90 days.Roots of ‘Itapuã 202’ beet produced internally at Embrapa Vegetables were used. After this period, the roots were transplanted to the field. The low flowering rate (ranging from 31% to 54%) suggests the non feasibility of commercial use of artificial vernalization to floral induction of ‘Itapuã 202’ beet in Brasília conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature, Photoperiod and Pretreatment Growing Condition on Floral Induction in Springbearing Strawberry

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-123
Author(s):  
Xiuren Zhang ◽  
David G. Himelrick ◽  
Floyd M. Woods ◽  
Robert C. Ebel
Keyword(s):  
Floral Induction ◽  
Effect Of Temperature

scholarly journals Influence of Cultivar and Seasonal Growing Environment on Growth and Postharvest Characteristics of Single-shoot Pot Rose Plants

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-141
Author(s):  
José Antonio Saraiva Grossi ◽  
H. Brent Pemberton ◽  
Harvey J. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Photon Flux ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Flower Longevity ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Single Shoot ◽  
Growing Environment ◽  
Growth Chambers ◽  
Growing Conditions

Rooted liners of pot rose (Rosa L.) cultivars Meiferjac, Meigagul, Meighivon, Meishulo, Ruijef, Ruidodo, and Ruirosora were used to study the influence of cultivar and seasonal growing environment on growth and postharvest performance. Single-shoot plants were grown in controlled environment chambers simulating summer (30 °C day/21 °C night cycle with a 14-hour photoperiod) and winter (21 °C day/16 °C night cycle with a 10-hour photoperiod) greenhouse growing conditions. At flower developmental stage 2 (showing color, calyx reflexing, no petals reflexed), the plants were placed in a continuously lighted simulated interior evaluation room at 21 ± 1 °C under 15 μmol·m-2·s-1 photosynthetic photon flux from cool-white fluorescent lamps for postharvest evaluations. Plants had quicker flowering, smaller flower diameter, more compact growth, and smaller leaf area when grown under the summer environment compared to the winter environment. Most cultivars exhibited greater flower longevity on summer-grown plants when compared to winter-grown ones. `Ruirosora' did not exhibit this difference due to exceptional longevity on winter-grown plants. Also, the use of single-shoot plants was shown to be a potentially useful way to increase replication in small growing environments such as growth chambers.

scholarly journals The Responses of Physiological Characteristics and Flowering Related Gene to the Different Water Stress Levels of Red-Flesh Pummelo Cultivars (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) Own-Rooted by Air Layering Propagation under Two Growing Conditions

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 579
Author(s):  
Prawit Thammatha ◽  
Chanon Lapjit ◽  
Tanyarat Tarinta ◽  
Sungcom Techawongstien ◽  
Suchila Techawongstien
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Flowering Induction ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Block Factor

One of the major problems in the fruit production of citrus, including pummelo (Citrus grandis) is controlling flowering induction. Water stress is known to be related to flowering induction via physiological responses related to the flowering gene. However, reports on the mechanisms underlying floral induction by water stress in pummelo are limited. Thus, this study aimed to determine the physiological characteristics and the expression of genes related to flowering induction, CiFT (Citrus Flowering locus T), in pummelo at different levels of water stress. Experiments were conducted under two growing conditions: field and container conditions, each using a 2 × 5 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block. Factor A consisted of two red-flesh pummelo cultivars while factor B consisted of five levels of water stress based on the leaf rolling index. Among the seven characteristics studied, only the data of total nitrogen, CiFT, and flower number were combined for analysis due to their results in a homogeneity test. Although a consistent tendency was not observed for the interaction among environments, genotypes, and water stress levels of all characteristics, ‘KKU-105’ grew more flowers under higher water stress conditions (225 flowers). This result may imply that decreases in total nitrogen (1.48%), stomatal conductance (50.53 m−2s−1), chlorophyll fluorescence (0.30 Fv/Fm), and upregulation of CiFT mRNA level (13.95) may induce flowering in the pummelo cultivar ‘KKU-105’.

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