scholarly journals Evaluation of Aluminum Tolerance and Nutrient Uptake of 50 Centipedegrass Accessions and Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 857-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yan ◽  
Jingbo Chen ◽  
Tingting Zhang ◽  
Jianxiu Liu ◽  
Haibo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Aluminum Tolerance ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Al Stress ◽  
Resistant Group ◽  
Sensitive Group

Centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack] is a native grass of China, and information on soil adaptation ranges, including acid soils, among centipedegrass cultivars is limited. Therefore, objectives of this study were 1) to conduct a preliminary evaluation of relative aluminum tolerance of 48 centipedegrass accessions plus a cultivar, TifBlair, and a common centipedegrass under aluminum (Al) stress (0 and 1500 μM Al) by using a solution culture method; and 2) to determine Al effects on nutrient uptake between resistant-group and sensitive-group accessions among the 50 accessions and cultivars. Differences were found among accessions and cultivars, and the CV of relative root weight, relative shoot weight, and relative total weight were 39.9%, 32.9%, and 33.6%, respectively. After growing 28 days in an acid subsoil, the resistant-group accessions showed much better growth than the sensitive-group accessions. The Al concentrations in roots and shoots of the two groups of accessions were increased under Al treatment, but most absorbed Al remained in roots with greater Al absorption among the sensitive group compared with the resistant group. The concentrations of phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and potassium (K) in the two groups were reduced under Al stress with reductions of 59.3%, 54.8%, 47.9%, and 41.3% in shoots and reductions of 8.70%, 52.5%, 43.2%, and 34.4% in roots, respectively. Under Al stress, differences in P, Mg, and Ca concentrations were found between the two groups; however, differences were not found for K. The resistant-group accessions maintained higher concentrations of Mg and Ca than the sensitive group.

The zinc finger transcription factor ATF1 regulates aluminum tolerance in barley

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (20) ◽  
pp. 6512-6523
Author(s):  
Liyuan Wu ◽  
Yiyi Guo ◽  
Shengguan Cai ◽  
Liuhui Kuang ◽  
Qiufang Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Aluminum Tolerance ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Al Tolerance ◽  
Al Stress ◽  
Transcription Factor 1 ◽  
Differently Expressed Genes

Abstract Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major abiotic stress that restricts crop production in acid soils. Plants have evolved internal and external mechanisms of tolerance, and among them it is well known that AtSTOP1 and OsART1 are key transcription factors involved in tolerance through regulation of multiple downstream genes. Here, we identified the closest homolog of these two proteins in barley, namely HvATF1, Al-tolerance Transcription Factor 1, and determined its potential function in Al stress. HvATF1 is expressed in the nucleus, and functions in transcriptional activation. The transcription of HvATF1 was found to be constitutive in different tissues, and was little affected by Al stress. Knockdown of HvATF1 by RNAi resulted in increased Al sensitivity. Transcriptomics analysis identified 64 differently expressed genes in the RNAi lines compared to the wild-type, and these were considered as candidate downstream genes regulated by HvATF1. This study provides insights into the different molecular mechanisms of Al tolerance in barley and other plants.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF DART SEQUENCES REFLECTING GENOMICREGIONS INVOLVED IN ALUMINUM TOLERANCE IN TRITICALE (X TRITICOSECALE WITTMACK)

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Niedziela ◽  
Piotr Bednarek
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Toxicity ◽  
Aluminum Tolerance ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Disease Response ◽  
Dna Repair Mechanisms ◽  
Al Stress ◽  
Blast Database ◽  
Repair Mechanisms ◽  
Triticosecale Wittmack

Aluminum toxicity is the major growth-limiting factor for crop cultivation on acid soils. Tolerance mecha-nisms for Al stress in triticale have not been systematically investigated so far. It is presumed, that in the case of this species they may be a function of the interaction between wheat and rye genes. In this study the se-quences of forty-six Diversity Arrays Technology markers associated with aluminum tolerance in triticale and under selection pressure were blasted against BLAST database for the identification of possible functions of the respective genome regions in Al-stress response. The analysis has showed sequences similarity to the domains involved in signaling, disease response and DNA repair mechanisms.

The genomic inheritance of aluminum tolerance in 'Atlas 66' wheat

Genome ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Berzonsky
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Aluminum Tolerance ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Nuclear Genes ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Al Stress ◽  
Soft Red Winter Wheat ◽  
B Genome ◽  
Segregation Ratios

Toxicity to aluminum (Al) limits wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) yields. 'Atlas 66', a soft red winter wheat classified as tolerant (root growth ≥ 0.5 cm after Al stress) to 0.44 mM Al, was hybridized with tetraploid (4x) and hexaploid (6x) 'Canthatch', a hard red spring wheat classified as sensitive (root growth < 0.5 cm after Al stress) to 0.44 mM Al. Progenies produced from these hybridizations were tested for tolerance to 0.44 mM Al in solution to ascertain the number of genes and the genomes of 'Atlas 66', which determine tolerance to aluminum. Tests of 'Atlas 66', 6x-'Canthatch', and the F1's resulting from hybridizations between the parents indicated that dominant, nuclear genes carried by 'Atlas 66' determine tolerance to 0.44 mM Al. Segregation ratios for the F2 significantly differed from ratios expected for a dominant, duplicate genetic mechanism. F1 backcross segregation ratios did not significantly differ from ratios expected for dominant, duplicate nuclear genes for tolerance to aluminum. The expression of genes for tolerance to 0.44 mM Al for 'Atlas 66' appears to be more complex than is predicted by the existence of two dominant genes. A crossing scheme, which involved hybridizing 4x-'Canthatch' with 'Atlas 66', was executed to produce 42-chromosome plants having recombinant A- and B-genome chromosomes and D-genome chromosomes derived exclusively from 'Atlas 66'. Eleven F6 and F7 lines, developed from these plants, were selfed and plants in the F6 generation were backcrossed to 'Atlas 66' and 6x-'Canthatch'. The F6 and F7 lines were subjected to 0.44 mM Al in solution as were the backcrosses. While none of the lines had more than 50% of their seedlings classified as sensitive to Al in the F6 generation, four lines exhibited such a response in the F7 generation. In general, backcrossing the F6 lines to 6x-'Canthatch' increased sensitivity to Al, while backcrossing to 'Atlas 66' increased tolerance. Results suggest that genes for tolerance to Al in 'Atlas 66' wheat are not all located on D-genome chromosomes.Key words: aluminum tolerance, genomic inheritance, Triticum.

scholarly journals IL-4 Level in Rifampicin-Sensitive and Rifampicin-Resistant Lung Tuberculosis Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joko Susanto ◽  
Jusak Nugraha ◽  
Soedarsono Soedarsono
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Lung Tuberculosis ◽  
Characteristics Analysis ◽  
Resistant Group ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sensitive Group

Tuberculosis remains a global health burden. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection causes humoral and cellularresponses. Macrophages of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis evolve M1 polarization that blocks infection orimmunosuppressive M2, promoting tissue repair mediated by IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13. Previous research showed a decrease ofIL-4R and IL-10 expression in lung macrophages of anti-TB drug resistance. A molecular test can detectrifampicin- resistance. There has been no study, which showed the difference in serum IL-4 levels in rifampicin-sensitive andrifampicin-resistant tuberculosis patients. This study aimed to determine the difference between circulating IL-4 levels inrifampicin-sensitive and rifampicin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients. This cross-sectional observational studyconsecutively recruited subjects based on positive molecular and acid-fast bacilli microscopic examination from MDR-TBClinic of the Dr. Soetomo Hospital between December 2018 to March 2019. Subjects were classified into arifampicin-sensitive and rifampicin-resistant group. On ELISA measurement, IL-4 data were analyzed with SPSS version 17.Mann-Whitney U test and ROC analysis tests were performed, and p < 0.05 was significant for α=0.05 (95% CI). There wassignificant difference between rifampicin-sensitive group (420±281 pg/mL) and rifampicin-resistant group(253±279 pg/mL) (p=0.014). Receiver operating characteristics analysis showed AUC 0.70, the sensitivity of 81.5%, thespecificity of 63.6%, and the cut-off value of 235.6 pg/mL. There was a significantly higher level of circulating IL-4 in therifampicin-sensitive group than the rifampicin-resistant group. IL-4 level in healthy subjects should be measured as thenormal value in the population. Immunology and metabolic parameters should be performed to increase samplehomogeneity. Further study was also needed to understand the IL-4 role in rifampicin resistance of lung tuberculosispatients in the Indonesia population.

scholarly journals Karakter Root Re-Growth Sebagai Parameter Toleransi Aluminium pada Tanaman Padi

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Dewi Indriyani Roslim ◽  
Miftahudin Miftahudin ◽  
Utut Suharsono ◽  
Hajrial Aswidinnoor ◽  
Alex Hartana
Keyword(s):  
Upland Rice ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Al Tolerance ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Al Stress ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Nutrient Culture ◽  
Plant Breeding Program

Aluminum (Al) is one of the major limited factors in crop production on acid soils. Aluminum tolerant plants can beselected from plant breeding program by one of the physiological parameters representing Al tolerance character,such as root re-growth capability during recovery from the Al-stress. In this study we determined the concentrationand time exposure of Al stress that was able to differentiate the response of three local upland rice varieties(Grogol, Hawarabunar and Krowal) and an Al-sensitive rice variety (IR64) to Al-stress, and evaluated the effectivenessof root re-growth (RRG) characters as an Al tolerance parameter in rice. The study consisted of three experiments,which were 1) nutrient culture experiment with different Al concentration treatments in growth chamber, 2) potexperiment in greenhouse using Jasinga yellow red podzolic acid soil containing 26,66 me/100 g Al and pH 4,6 asplanting media, and 3) phenotyping of F2 population using RRG character. The results showed that Al treatment at15 ppm for 72 h was able to distinctly differentiate between Al-tolerant (Grogol and Hawarabunar) and Al-sensitivevarieties (Krowal and IR64). Planting of the rice varieties on acid soils showed similar result as that of the nutrientculture. Phenotyping of F2 population using RRG character indicated the existence of RRG value variation. Thesevariations demonstrated that RRG character can be used as an Al tolerance parameter in rice and therefore can beeffectively applied to screen rice F2 population that segregate to Al tolerance character.

scholarly journals AtHB7/12 Regulate Root Growth in Response to Aluminum Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 4080
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Jiameng Xu ◽  
Siyi Guo ◽  
Xianzheng Yuan ◽  
Shan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Aluminum Stress ◽  
Al Stress

Aluminum (Al) stress is a major limiting factor for plant growth and crop production in acid soils. At present, only a few transcription factors involved in the regulation of Al resistance have been characterized. Here, we used reversed genetic approach through phenotype analysis of overexpressors and mutants to demonstrate that AtHB7 and AtHB12, two HD-Zip I transcription factors, participate in Al resistance. In response to Al stress, AtHB7 and AtHB12 displayed different dynamic expression patterns. Although both AtHB7 and AtHB12 positively regulate root growth in the absence of Al stress, our results showed that AtHB7 antagonizes with AtHB12 to control root growth in response to Al stress. The athb7/12 double mutant displayed a wild-type phenotype under Al stress. Consistently, our physiological analysis showed that AtHB7 and AtHB12 oppositely regulate the capacity of cell wall to bind Al. Yeast two hybrid assays showed that AtHB7 and AtHB12 could form homo-dimers and hetero-dimers in vitro, suggesting the interaction between AtHB7 and AtHB12 in the regulation of root growth. The conclusion was that AtHB7 and AtHB12 oppositely regulate Al resistance by affecting Al accumulation in root cell wall.

scholarly journals Aluminum tolerance in castor bean lines1

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
Lucas Barbosa de Freitas ◽  
Dirceu Maximino Fernandes ◽  
Suelen Cristina Mendonça Maia ◽  
Laerte Gustavo Pivetta ◽  
Maurício Dutra Zanotto
Keyword(s):  
Castor Bean ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Aluminum Tolerance ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Al Tolerance ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Adequate Management

ABSTRACT Castor bean plants are susceptible to aluminum (Al) in the soil, requiring adequate management techniques for their cultivation in acid soils containing high Al levels, as it occurs in tropical regions. This study aimed to assess the Al tolerance of castor bean lines. A randomized block design, in a 2 x 9 factorial scheme, with four replicates, was used. The treatments consisted of presence and absence of Al, as well as nine castor bean lines (CRZ H06, CRZ H11, CRZ H12, CRZ H15, CRZ H17, CRZ H18, CRZ H19, CRZ H22 and FCA). Based on a distribution into quartiles, the lines were divided into two groups. The Al-tolerant group contained the CRZ H06, H11 and H17 lines, while the group susceptible to Al was composed of CRZ H12, H15, H18, H19, H22 and FCA. The FCA and CRZ H17 lines showed the highest growth, when cultivated without Al.

scholarly journals Correlations of MIF polymorphism and serum levels of MIF with glucocorticoid sensitivity of sudden sensorineural hearing loss

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 030006051989387
Author(s):  
Wen-Yan Zhu ◽  
Xin Jin ◽  
Yong-Chi Ma ◽  
Zhi-Biao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucocorticoid Sensitivity ◽  
Resistant Group ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Sensitive Group

Objective This study explored the relationship between macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) gene polymorphism (−173G/C) and glucocorticoid sensitivity in sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). Methods A total of 120 patients with SSNHL were divided into a glucocorticoid-sensitive group and a glucocorticoid-resistant group. A group of 93 healthy individuals served as the control group. Serum MIF levels of the participants were measured and MIF genotyping was performed. Results The frequency of the MIF −173C allele was significantly higher in glucocorticoid-sensitive patients than in glucocorticoid-resistant patients. Serum MIF levels were significantly higher in SSNHL patients than in healthy controls, and higher in the glucocorticoid-sensitive group than in the glucocorticoid-resistant group of SSNHL patients, which was unexpected. Compared with patients with the GG genotype, patients with the −173C allele (GC and CC genotypes) had significantly higher levels of serum MIF and superoxide dismutase activity and lower levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and malondialdehyde. Conclusion The MIF −173G/C polymorphism is associated with glucocorticoid sensitivity in SSNHL patients. The C allele can result in higher MIF production, reduced oxidative stress, and greater glucocorticoid sensitivity.

scholarly journals Plasma microRNAs Predict Chemoresistance in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 153303381982870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Shao ◽  
Xiaoxia Wang ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Deyu Li ◽  
Xiaoran Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Chemotherapy Response ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Resistant Group ◽  
Sensitive Group

Background: MicroRNAs contribute to chemotherapy response in different types of cancer. We hypothesized that plasma miRNAs are potentially associated with chemotherapy response in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Patients and Methods: Fourteen candidate microRNAs were chosen from the literature, and their plasma levels were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Forty metastatic breast cancer patients were chosen as the training groups. The potential significant microRNAs were validated in another 103 plasma samples. Results: In the training set, we identified 3 microRNAs (miR-200a, miR-210, and miR-451) as significantly dysregulated miRNAs between sensitive group (partial response (and stable disease) and resistant group (progressive disease). Then, in the validation set, miR-200a (area under the curve = 0.881, sensitivity = 94.1%, specificity = 76.7%) and miR-210 (area under the curve = 0.851, sensitivity = 88.2%, specificity = 72.1%) showed high diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing sensitive group from resistant group. Furthermore, the plasma level of miR-200a was significantly associated with the stage in surgery ( P = .035), and the high level of miR-210 expression was associated with internal organ metastasis (liver, lung, and brain; P = .024). Conclusions: Plasma miR-200a and miR-210 could be effective biomarkers for the prediction of chemotherapy resistance in metastatic breast cancer patients.

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