The zinc finger transcription factor ATF1 regulates aluminum tolerance in barley

Abstract Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major abiotic stress that restricts crop production in acid soils. Plants have evolved internal and external mechanisms of tolerance, and among them it is well known that AtSTOP1 and OsART1 are key transcription factors involved in tolerance through regulation of multiple downstream genes. Here, we identified the closest homolog of these two proteins in barley, namely HvATF1, Al-tolerance Transcription Factor 1, and determined its potential function in Al stress. HvATF1 is expressed in the nucleus, and functions in transcriptional activation. The transcription of HvATF1 was found to be constitutive in different tissues, and was little affected by Al stress. Knockdown of HvATF1 by RNAi resulted in increased Al sensitivity. Transcriptomics analysis identified 64 differently expressed genes in the RNAi lines compared to the wild-type, and these were considered as candidate downstream genes regulated by HvATF1. This study provides insights into the different molecular mechanisms of Al tolerance in barley and other plants.

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Karakter Root Re-Growth Sebagai Parameter Toleransi Aluminium pada Tanaman Padi

Jurnal Natur Indonesia ◽

10.31258/jnat.13.1.82-88 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 82

Author(s):

Dewi Indriyani Roslim ◽

Miftahudin Miftahudin ◽

Utut Suharsono ◽

Hajrial Aswidinnoor ◽

Alex Hartana

Keyword(s):

Upland Rice ◽

Acid Soil ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Acid Soils ◽

Al Tolerance ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Al Stress ◽

F2 Population ◽

Nutrient Culture ◽

Plant Breeding Program

Aluminum (Al) is one of the major limited factors in crop production on acid soils. Aluminum tolerant plants can beselected from plant breeding program by one of the physiological parameters representing Al tolerance character,such as root re-growth capability during recovery from the Al-stress. In this study we determined the concentrationand time exposure of Al stress that was able to differentiate the response of three local upland rice varieties(Grogol, Hawarabunar and Krowal) and an Al-sensitive rice variety (IR64) to Al-stress, and evaluated the effectivenessof root re-growth (RRG) characters as an Al tolerance parameter in rice. The study consisted of three experiments,which were 1) nutrient culture experiment with different Al concentration treatments in growth chamber, 2) potexperiment in greenhouse using Jasinga yellow red podzolic acid soil containing 26,66 me/100 g Al and pH 4,6 asplanting media, and 3) phenotyping of F2 population using RRG character. The results showed that Al treatment at15 ppm for 72 h was able to distinctly differentiate between Al-tolerant (Grogol and Hawarabunar) and Al-sensitivevarieties (Krowal and IR64). Planting of the rice varieties on acid soils showed similar result as that of the nutrientculture. Phenotyping of F2 population using RRG character indicated the existence of RRG value variation. Thesevariations demonstrated that RRG character can be used as an Al tolerance parameter in rice and therefore can beeffectively applied to screen rice F2 population that segregate to Al tolerance character.

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AtHB7/12 Regulate Root Growth in Response to Aluminum Stress

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21114080 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (11) ◽

pp. 4080

Author(s):

Yang Liu ◽

Jiameng Xu ◽

Siyi Guo ◽

Xianzheng Yuan ◽

Shan Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Transcription Factors ◽

Root Growth ◽

Crop Production ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Acid Soils ◽

Limiting Factor ◽

Aluminum Stress ◽

Al Stress

Aluminum (Al) stress is a major limiting factor for plant growth and crop production in acid soils. At present, only a few transcription factors involved in the regulation of Al resistance have been characterized. Here, we used reversed genetic approach through phenotype analysis of overexpressors and mutants to demonstrate that AtHB7 and AtHB12, two HD-Zip I transcription factors, participate in Al resistance. In response to Al stress, AtHB7 and AtHB12 displayed different dynamic expression patterns. Although both AtHB7 and AtHB12 positively regulate root growth in the absence of Al stress, our results showed that AtHB7 antagonizes with AtHB12 to control root growth in response to Al stress. The athb7/12 double mutant displayed a wild-type phenotype under Al stress. Consistently, our physiological analysis showed that AtHB7 and AtHB12 oppositely regulate the capacity of cell wall to bind Al. Yeast two hybrid assays showed that AtHB7 and AtHB12 could form homo-dimers and hetero-dimers in vitro, suggesting the interaction between AtHB7 and AtHB12 in the regulation of root growth. The conclusion was that AtHB7 and AtHB12 oppositely regulate Al resistance by affecting Al accumulation in root cell wall.

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Aluminum tolerance in castor bean lines1

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical ◽

10.1590/1983-40632018v4852425 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 299-305

Author(s):

Lucas Barbosa de Freitas ◽

Dirceu Maximino Fernandes ◽

Suelen Cristina Mendonça Maia ◽

Laerte Gustavo Pivetta ◽

Maurício Dutra Zanotto

Keyword(s):

Castor Bean ◽

Block Design ◽

Aluminum Tolerance ◽

Acid Soils ◽

Al Tolerance ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Bean Plants ◽

Management Techniques ◽

Adequate Management

ABSTRACT Castor bean plants are susceptible to aluminum (Al) in the soil, requiring adequate management techniques for their cultivation in acid soils containing high Al levels, as it occurs in tropical regions. This study aimed to assess the Al tolerance of castor bean lines. A randomized block design, in a 2 x 9 factorial scheme, with four replicates, was used. The treatments consisted of presence and absence of Al, as well as nine castor bean lines (CRZ H06, CRZ H11, CRZ H12, CRZ H15, CRZ H17, CRZ H18, CRZ H19, CRZ H22 and FCA). Based on a distribution into quartiles, the lines were divided into two groups. The Al-tolerant group contained the CRZ H06, H11 and H17 lines, while the group susceptible to Al was composed of CRZ H12, H15, H18, H19, H22 and FCA. The FCA and CRZ H17 lines showed the highest growth, when cultivated without Al.

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The grapevine R2R3-type MYB transcription factor VdMYB1 positively regulates defense responses by activating the stilbene synthase gene 2 (VdSTS2)

BMC Plant Biology ◽

10.1186/s12870-019-1993-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yihe Yu ◽

Dalong Guo ◽

Guirong Li ◽

Yingjun Yang ◽

Guohai Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Transcription Factor ◽

Transcriptional Activation ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Plant Protection ◽

Defense Responses ◽

Stilbene Synthase ◽

Myb Transcription Factor ◽

Wide Range ◽

Grapevine Leaves

Abstract Background Resveratrol is a naturally occurring plant stilbene that exhibits a wide range of valuable biological and pharmacological properties. Although the beneficial effects of trans-resveratrol to human health and plant protection against fungal pathogens and abiotic stresses are well-established, yet little is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating stilbene biosynthesis in plant defense progress. Results Here, we cloned and identified the Chinese wild grape (Vitis davidii) R2R3-MYB transcription factor VdMYB1, which activates defense responses against invading pathogen. VdMYB1 transcripts were significantly upregulated after inoculation with the grapevine powdery mildew fungus Erysiphe necator (Schw.) Burr. Transient expression analysis using onion epidermal cells and Arabidopsis thaliana protoplasts showed that VdMYB1 was localized in the nucleus. Yeast one-hybrid assays revealed that VdMYB1 acts as a transcriptional activator. Grapevine leaves transiently overexpressing VdMYB1 showed a lower number of fungal conidiophores compared with wild-type leaves. Overexpression of VdMYB1 in grapevine leaves did not alter the expression of genes in salicylic acid- and jasmonate-dependent pathways, but affected the expression of stilbene synthase (STS) genes, key regulators of flavonoid metabolism. Results of electrophoretic mobility shift assays and in vivo transcriptional activation assays showed that VdMYB1 binds to the MYB binding site (MYBBS) in the STS2 gene promoter, thus activating STS2 transcription. In heterologous expression assays using tobacco leaves, VdMYB1 activated STS2 gene expression and increased the accumulation of resveratrol. Conclusions Our study showed that VdMYB1 activates STS2 gene expression to positively regulate defense responses, and increases the content of resveratrol in leaves.

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Transcription Factor Fli1 Regulates Collagen Fibrillogenesis in Mouse Skin

Molecular and Cellular Biology ◽

10.1128/mcb.01278-08 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 425-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Yoshihide Asano ◽

Margaret Markiewicz ◽

Masahide Kubo ◽

Gabor Szalai ◽

Dennis K. Watson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factor ◽

Transcriptional Activation ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Mrna Level ◽

Mouse Skin ◽

Dermal Fibroblasts ◽

Acid Extraction ◽

Fibrillar Collagen ◽

Cultured Fibroblasts

ABSTRACT Biosynthesis of fibrillar collagen in the skin is precisely regulated to maintain proper tissue homeostasis; however, the molecular mechanisms involved in this process remain largely unknown. Transcription factor Fli1 has been shown to repress collagen synthesis in cultured dermal fibroblasts. This study investigated the role of Fli1 in regulation of collagen biosynthesis in mice skin in vivo using mice with the homozygous deletion of the C-terminal transcriptional activation (CTA) domain of the Fli1 gene (Fli1ΔCTA/ΔCTA). Skin analyses of the Fli1 mutant mice revealed a significant upregulation of fibrillar collagen genes at mRNA level, as well as increased collagen content as measured by acetic acid extraction and hydroxyproline assays. In addition, collagen fibrils contained ultrastructural abnormalities including immature thin fibrils and very thick irregularly shaped fibrils, which correlated with the reduced levels of decorin, fibromodulin, and lumican. Fibroblasts cultured from the skin of Fli1ΔCTA/ΔCTA mice maintained elevated synthesis of collagen mRNA and protein. Additional experiments in cultured fibroblasts have revealed that although Fli1 ΔCTA retains the ability to bind to the collagen promoter in vitro and in vivo, it no longer functions as transcriptional repressor. Together, these results establish Fli1 as a key regulator of the collagen homeostasis in the skin in vivo.

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Cytogenetic and molecular studies on two faba bean cultivars revealed their difference in their aluminum tolerance

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2020.116.2.1346 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 116 (2) ◽

pp. 273

Author(s):

Ahmed M. HASSANEIN ◽

Ahmed H. MOHAMED ◽

Heba Ahmed ABD ALLAH ◽

Hoida ZAKI

Keyword(s):

Faba Bean ◽

Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽

Aluminum Tolerance ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Growth Data ◽

Al Tolerance ◽

Al Stress ◽

Molecular Studies ◽

Rapd And Issr ◽

Issr Primers

Two cultivars of faba bean (Vicia faba ‘Giza 843’ and ‘Nobaria 3’) that differ in aluminum (Al) tolerance were used to study cytogenetic and genomic alterations under the influence of Al Cl3 (5, 15, and 25 mmol AlCl3) for different periods (6, 12 and 24 h). Under Al treatments, mitotic index in both cultivars decreased and total chromosomal abnormalities increased. The frequencies of micronuclei and chromosomal abnormalities (C-anaphase, metaphase-star chromosomes, breaks, sticky and disturbed chromosomes during metaphase or anaphase) in ‘Giza 843’ were lower than in ‘Nabaria 3’. Increase of the registered cytogenetic events under the influence of Al stress led to increase the detected polymorphism using RAPD and ISSR markers. Application of RAPD primers gave the same value of polymorphism in both faba bean cultivars under Al stress. Polymorphism average of nine ISSR primers of ’Giza 843’ (65.36 %) was lower than that of ‘Nobaria 3’ (71.59 %). Molecular markers, cytogenetic characteristics and seedling growth data indicate that Al tolerance of ‘Giza 843’ was higher than of ‘Nobaria 3’. This work shows that cytogenetic and ISSR techniques could be used efficiently to distinguish between the ability of two faba bean cultivars to tolerate toxic effects of Al.

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Evaluation of Aluminum Tolerance and Nutrient Uptake of 50 Centipedegrass Accessions and Cultivars

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.44.3.857 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 857-861 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jun Yan ◽

Jingbo Chen ◽

Tingting Zhang ◽

Jianxiu Liu ◽

Haibo Liu

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Aluminum Tolerance ◽

Acid Soils ◽

Culture Method ◽

Solution Culture ◽

Root Weight ◽

Preliminary Evaluation ◽

Al Stress ◽

Resistant Group ◽

Sensitive Group

Centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack] is a native grass of China, and information on soil adaptation ranges, including acid soils, among centipedegrass cultivars is limited. Therefore, objectives of this study were 1) to conduct a preliminary evaluation of relative aluminum tolerance of 48 centipedegrass accessions plus a cultivar, TifBlair, and a common centipedegrass under aluminum (Al) stress (0 and 1500 μM Al) by using a solution culture method; and 2) to determine Al effects on nutrient uptake between resistant-group and sensitive-group accessions among the 50 accessions and cultivars. Differences were found among accessions and cultivars, and the CV of relative root weight, relative shoot weight, and relative total weight were 39.9%, 32.9%, and 33.6%, respectively. After growing 28 days in an acid subsoil, the resistant-group accessions showed much better growth than the sensitive-group accessions. The Al concentrations in roots and shoots of the two groups of accessions were increased under Al treatment, but most absorbed Al remained in roots with greater Al absorption among the sensitive group compared with the resistant group. The concentrations of phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and potassium (K) in the two groups were reduced under Al stress with reductions of 59.3%, 54.8%, 47.9%, and 41.3% in shoots and reductions of 8.70%, 52.5%, 43.2%, and 34.4% in roots, respectively. Under Al stress, differences in P, Mg, and Ca concentrations were found between the two groups; however, differences were not found for K. The resistant-group accessions maintained higher concentrations of Mg and Ca than the sensitive group.

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Transcriptomic responses to aluminum stress in tea plant leaves

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-85393-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Danjuan Huang ◽

Ziming Gong ◽

Xun Chen ◽

Hongjuan Wang ◽

Rongrong Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Critical Role ◽

Tea Plant ◽

Transcriptional Level ◽

Cellular Transport ◽

Plant Leaves ◽

Al Tolerance ◽

Aluminum Stress ◽

Al Stress ◽

High Level

AbstractTea plant (Camellia sinensis) is a well-known Al-accumulating plant, showing a high level of aluminum (Al) tolerance. However, the molecular mechanisms of Al tolerance and accumulation are poorly understood. We carried out transcriptome analysis of tea plant leaves in response to three different Al levels (0, 1, 4 mM, for 7 days). In total, 794, 829 and 585 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained in 4 mM Al vs. 1 mM Al, 0 Al vs. 1 mM Al, and 4 mM Al vs. 0 Al comparisons, respectively. Analysis of genes related to polysaccharide and cell wall metabolism, detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cellular transport, and signal transduction were involved in the Al stress response. Furthermore, the transcription factors such as zinc finger, myeloblastosis (MYB), and WRKY played a critical role in transcriptional regulation of genes associated with Al resistance in tea plant. In addition, the genes involved in phenolics biosynthesis and decomposition were overwhelmingly upregulated in the leaves treated with either 0 Al and 4 mM Al stress, indicating they may play an important role in Al tolerance. These results will further help us to understand mechanisms of Al stress and tolerance in tea plants regulated at the transcriptional level.

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Identification of candidate genes conferring tolerance to aluminum stress in Pinus massoniana inoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungus

BMC Plant Biology ◽

10.1186/s12870-020-02719-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Haiyan Liu ◽

Houying Chen ◽

Guijie Ding ◽

Kuaifen Li ◽

Qifei Ren

Keyword(s):

Candidate Genes ◽

Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Functional Characterization ◽

Pinus Massoniana ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽

Al Tolerance ◽

Suillus Luteus ◽

Al Stress ◽

Wide Range

Abstract Background Pinus massoniana Lamb. is an important afforestation tree species with high economic, ecological and medicinal values. Aluminum (Al) toxicity driven by soil acidification causes dieback of P. massoniana plantations. Previous studies showed that ectomycorrhizal fungi alleviate Al stress damages in Pinus, but the underlying molecular mechanisms and key genes induced by ectomycorrhizal fungi inoculation under Al stress in Pinus have not been explored. Herein, we applied Al stress for 60 days to P. massoniana seedlings inoculated with Suillus luteus (SL) and those non-inoculated. Then, we compared their growth parameters and transcriptome in order to detect candidate genes induced by SL conferring Al tolerance in P. massoniana. Result Our results showed that SL inoculation confers Al stress tolerance in P. massoniana through improved growth performance, strong antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced malondialdehyde accumulation as compared to non-inoculated seedlings. Transcriptome sequencing further supported these findings as very few genes (51 genes) were transcriptionally altered by Al in SL inoculated plants as compared to non-inoculated plants (2140 genes). We identified three core genes (cox1, cox3 and Nd1) that were strongly up-regulated by Al in the SL inoculated plants but were down-regulated in the non-inoculated plants. We also identified 42 genes specifically regulated by SL inoculated plants under Al stress, which are involved in a wide range of biological processes such as antioxidative response, transporters, hormone signaling and plant pathogen infection responses. Conclusions Altogether, our data suggest that SL inoculation induces priming of key stress response pathways and triggers specific genes that efficiently alleviate Al stress effects in P. massoniana. The candidate genes resources generated in this study are of utmost importance for functional characterization and molecular studies aiming at improving Al tolerance in plants.

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Structural and functional properties of the N transcriptional activation domain of thyroid transcription factor-1: similarities with the acidic activation domains

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj3290395 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 329 (2) ◽

pp. 395-403 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Gianluca TELL ◽

Lorena PERRONE ◽

Dora FABBRO ◽

Lucia PELLIZZARI ◽

Carlo PUCILLO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factor ◽

Transcriptional Activation ◽

Activation Domain ◽

Activation Domains ◽

Transcriptional Activation Domain ◽

Acidic Domain ◽

Thyroid Transcription Factor 1 ◽

Thyroid Transcription Factor ◽

Transcriptional Activation Domains ◽

Transcription Factor 1

The thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) is a tissue-specific transcription factor involved in the development of thyroid and lung. TTF-1 contains two transcriptional activation domains (N and C domain). The primary amino acid sequence of the N domain does not show any typical characteristic of known transcriptional activation domains. In aqueous solution the N domain exists in a random-coil conformation. The increase of the milieu hydrophobicity, by the addition of trifluoroethanol, induces a considerable gain of α-helical structure. Acidic transcriptional activation domains are largely unstructured in solution, but, under hydrophobic conditions, folding into α-helices or β-strands can be induced. Therefore our data indicate that the inducibility of α-helix by hydrophobic conditions is a property not restricted to acidic domains. Co-transfections experiments indicate that the acidic domain of herpes simplex virus protein VP16 (VP16) and the TTF-1 N domain are interchangeable and that a chimaeric protein, which combines VP16 linked to the DNA-binding domain of TTF-1, undergoes the same regulatory constraints that operate for the wild-type TTF-1. In addition, we demonstrate that the TTF-1 N domain possesses two typical properties of acidic activation domains: TBP (TATA-binding protein) binding and ability to activate transcription in yeast. Accordingly, the TTF-1 N domain is able to squelch the activity of the p65 acidic domain. Altogether, these structural and functional data suggest that a non-acidic transcriptional activation domain (TTF-1 N domain) activates transcription by using molecular mechanisms similar to those used by acidic domains. TTF-1 N domain and acidic domains define a family of proteins whose common property is to activate transcription through the use of mechanisms largely conserved during evolutionary development.

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