scholarly journals Ripening and Physiological Changes in the Fruit of Persea schiedeana Nees during the Postharvest Period

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Andrés Del Angel-Coronel ◽  
Juan Guillermo Cruz-Castillo ◽  
Javier De La Cruz-Medina ◽  
Franco Famiani
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Hue Angle ◽  
First Time ◽  
Persea Schiedeana

In terms of color, firmness, respiration, and ethylene production during the postharvest period, ripening is here characterized for the first time in the fruit of Persea schiedeana Nees. The results show a respiratory peak (respiratory climacteric) and an ethylene production peak, indicating that the fruit of P. schiedeana can be classified as climacteric. The fruit ripened rapidly, and senescence effects appeared 5 days after harvest. Together with appreciable weight loss during the postharvest period, this makes the fruit very perishable. Preliminary values for quantitative ripening indices are provided (fruit firmness, color lightness, hue angle, and chroma).

scholarly journals Ozone and 1-Methylcyclopropene Alter the Postharvest Quality of Broccoli

2003 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles F. Forney ◽  
Jun Song ◽  
Lihua Fan ◽  
Paul D. Hildebrand ◽  
Michael A. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Mold Growth ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Control Respiration ◽  
Hue Angle

Fresh broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. Italica group) florets untreated or treated with 1 μL·L-1 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) for 14 h, were stored at 12 °C with 0, 200, or 700 nL·L-1 ozone. Senescence parameters were evaluated after 0, 1, 2, 5, 8, or 12 days of storage. Treatment with 1-MCP delayed the yellowing of florets, and at day 5 the hue angle of 1-MCP treated florets was 116° (green) compared to 102° (yellow) for the control. Respiration rates of florets were reduced by 1-MCP for the first 5 days. The 1-MCP treatment maintained higher chlorophyll fluorescence expressed as Fv/Fm during 12 days of storage. Also, 1-MCP reduced dimethyl trisulfide production, which contributes to off-odor development in broccoli florets. Compared with the controls, florets stored in 200 nL·L-1 ozone had less mold growth and yellowed more slowly, but no differences were observed in respiration, ethylene production, or Fv/Fm. Florets stored in 700 nL·L-1 ozone were greener than florets held in air or 200 nL·L-1 ozone. Interestingly, chlorophyll fluorescence of the florets stored in 700 nL·L-1 ozone decreased significantly and at day 12, Fv/Fm was only 30% of its initial value. Ozone at 700 nL·L-1 stimulated respiration and ethylene production of florets after 1 day of storage, and caused visible damage in the form of increased weight loss and browning of the floret stem ends. Treatment of broccoli with 1-MCP alone or in combination with 200 nL·L-1 ozone maintained the quality and extended the shelf life of broccoli florets.

scholarly journals Influences of the selected additives on the weight loss and organoleptic properties of marinated mussels and squids

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Metin Guldas ◽  
Canan Hecer
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Konjac Flour ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mouth Feel ◽  
First Time

Effects of seven different solutions prepared from various additives (carrageenan, konjac flour, phosphate, yeast extract, xanthan gum and maltodextrin) were used to test for the first time in the marination of experimental seafood. The additives were added into the marination solutions and the samples were analyzed before and after marination. Statistically, the experimental solutions did not cause significant changes in pH, acidity and salt content of the samples (P < 0.05). The highest weight gains were obtained from the solution which contained 0.1% of konjac flour (E425 I) as 4.01, 5.21, 4.61 and 4.88 % in the mussels, big squids, diced squids and small squids, respectively. However, this solution was not preferred by the panellists because of its sticky texture. Inversely to red meat products, the solution containing phosphate caused weight loss during marination. The results indicate that the solution containing 0.2% carrageenan LM (low methoxyl) was the best solution in the marination process. Dipping into this solution caused weight gains of 4.69, 2.98, 4.04 and 2.78% in the big squids, the mussels, the small squids and the diced squids, respectively (P < 0.01). The organoleptic properties (mouth feel, flavour and softness) of mussels and squids were also improved by carrageenan LM addition.

scholarly journals Delayed implantation in giant pandas: the first comprehensive empirical evidence

Reproduction ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (6) ◽  
pp. 979-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemin Zhang ◽  
Desheng Li ◽  
Chendong Wang ◽  
Vanessa Hull
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Giant Panda ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Giant Pandas ◽  
Delayed Implantation ◽  
Infant Birth ◽  
First Time

Successful conservation of an endangered species relies on a good understanding of its reproductive biology, but there are large knowledge gaps. For example, many questions remain unanswered with regard to gestation and fetal development in the giant panda. We take advantage of a sample size that is unprecedented for this species (n=13) to explore patterns in reproductive development across individuals at the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda. We use ultrasound techniques on multiple giant pandas for the first time to empirically confirm what has long been suspected that pandas exhibit delayed implantation of the embryo. We also show that the duration of postfetal detection period is remarkably similar across individuals (16.85±1.34 days). Detection of fetus by ultrasound was strongly correlated to the peak in urinary progesterone (r=0.96, t=8.48, d.f.=8, P=0.0001) and swelling in the mammary glands (r=0.79, t=3.61, d.f.=8, P=0.007) and vulva (r=0.91, t=6.40, d.f.=8, P=0.0002) of adult females. When controlling for both the duration of the total gestation period and the postfetal detection period, infant birth weight was only significantly predicted by the latter (β=11.25, s.e.m.=4.98, t=2.26, P=0.05), suggesting that delayed implantation increases flexibility in the timing of birth but is not important in dictating infant growth. This study informs reproductive biology by exploring the little-studied phenomenon of delayed implantation in relationship to physiological changes in pregnant giant panda females.

Note. Effect of Storage Temperature on the Shelf Life of Hass Avocado (Persea Americana)

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Perez ◽  
J. Mercado ◽  
H. Soto-Valdez
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Hass Avocado ◽  
Storage Temperatures

The effect of storage temperature on the shelf life, weight loss, respiration rate and ethylene production of Hass avocado (Persea americana Mill) was studied. Two batches of green mature avocado fruits, classified as ‘‘super extra’’ were stored at 10 and 20 C (first batch) and at 7 and 25 C (second batch). The avocado shelf lives were 22, 8, 32 and 6 days at 10, 20, 7 and 25 C, respectively. Based on the data of the first assay Q10 was calculated as 2.75, with this value the predicted shelf life at 7 and 25 C were 29.8 and 4.8 days, respectively. That meant shelf life was underestimated 7 and 20% at 7 and 25 C, respectively. Weight loss was linear at both the storage temperatures, it was 4.3% in fruits at 20 C for 8 days and 3.0% at 10 C for 22 days. The maximum CO2 production at 20 C was reached during the second day of storage, while at 10 C it was reached at the 17th day (176.17 15.98 and 74.73 7.32 mL/kg h, respectively). The maximum ethylene production at 20 C was reached the second day of storage, and at 10 C the 6th day (239.06 54.55 and 28.00 8.12 mL/kg h, respectively).

scholarly journals Ethylene degreening treatment of ‘Ponkan’ tangerine in the north of the Minas Gerais State, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio Gama Dos Santos da Costa ◽  
Luiz Carlos Chamhum Salomão ◽  
Dalmo Lopes de Siqueira ◽  
Paulo Roberto Cecon ◽  
César Fernandes Aquino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Titrable Acidity ◽  
The North ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Respiratory Behavior ◽  
Hue Angle

The objective of the study was to elucidate the best combination of ethylene dose and exposure time aiming the degreening of ‘Ponkan’ tangerines. Fruits harvested with fully green peel were placed in airtight boxes, exposed during 24, 48 and 96 h to ethylene gas at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 µL L-1, at a temperature of 20 ± 1°C and 90 ± 5% of relative humidity. On every 24 h the fruits were evaluated for color, Hue angle, total chlorophyll and carotenoids in the peel, solutes leakage, soluble solids, titrable acidity, CO2 production and fresh fruit weight loss. The degreening was more pronounced in fruits exposed to ethylene for 96 h, independently the concentration. The electrolytes leakage peel increased linearly in fruit-control and those exposed to ethylene for 24 h. In fruits treated for 48 and 96 h, electrolyte leakage was observed only during ethylene exposure. The accumulated fresh mass loss did not exceeded 1% in the fruits. The ethylene dose did not affected the fruit respiratory behavior. The best combination aiming fruit degreening was the exposure during 96 h with 5 μL L-1 of ethylene, followed by 48 to 72 hours of storage after treatment.

scholarly journals The relationship between non-motor features and weight-loss in the premanifest stage of Huntington’s disease

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0253817
Author(s):  
Wasiq Khan ◽  
Sundus Alusi ◽  
Hissam Tawfik ◽  
Abir Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Machine Intelligence ◽  
Rule Mining ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Relevant Factors

Weight-loss is an integral part of Huntington’s disease (HD) that can start before the onset of motor symptoms. Investigating the underlying pathological processes may help in the understanding of this devastating disease as well as contribute to its management. However, the complex behavior and associations of multiple biological factors is impractical to be interpreted by the conventional statistics or human experts. For the first time, we combine a clinical dataset, expert knowledge and machine intelligence to model the multi-dimensional associations between the potentially relevant factors and weight-loss activity in HD, specifically at the premanifest stage. The HD dataset is standardized and transformed into required knowledge base with the help of clinical HD experts, which is then processed by the class rule mining and self-organising maps to identify the significant associations. Statistical results and experts’ report indicate a strong association between severe weight-loss in HD at the premanifest stage and measures of certain cognitive, psychiatric functional ability factors. These results suggest that the mechanism underlying weight-loss in HD is, at least partly related to dysfunction of certain areas of the brain, a finding that may have not been apparent otherwise. These associations will aid the understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease and its progression and may in turn help in HD treatment trials.

scholarly journals Is It Time to Rethink Our Weight Loss Paradigms?

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Gentil ◽  
Ricardo Borges Viana ◽  
João Pedro Naves ◽  
Fabrício Boscolo Del Vecchio ◽  
Victor Coswig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
Sustained Weight Loss ◽  
Intensity Of Exercise ◽  
Intensity Training

Strategies aiming to promote weight loss usually include anything that results in an increase in energy expenditure (exercise) or a decrease in energy intake (diet). However, the probability of losing weight is low and the probability of sustained weight loss is even lower. Herein, we bring some questions and suggestions about the topic, with a focus on exercise interventions. Based on the current evidence, we should look at how metabolism changes in response to interventions instead of counting calories, so we can choose more efficient models that can account for the complexity of human organisms. In this regard, high-intensity training might be particularly interesting as a strategy to promote fat loss since it seems to promote many physiological changes that might favor long-term weight loss. However, it is important to recognize the controversy of the results regarding interval training (IT), which might be explained by the large variations in its application. For this reason, we have to be more judicious about how exercise is planned and performed and some factors, like supervision, might be important for the results. The intensity of exercise seems to modulate not only how many calories are expended after exercise, but also where they came from. Instead of only estimating the number of calories ingested and expended, it seems that we have to act positively in order to create an adequate environment for promoting healthy and sustainable weight loss.

Effect of Preparation Conditions on the Performance of Ni-TiB2-Gd2O3 Composite Coatings

2013 ◽  
Vol 815 ◽  
pp. 574-578
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhen Liu ◽  
Yu Zhen Li ◽  
Ling Ling Song ◽  
Xiao Dong Yu ◽  
Wei Ting Lu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Solid Lubricant ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Wear Weight Loss ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Bromide Solution ◽  
Contact Surfaces ◽  
First Time

TiB2and Gd2O3were used as codeposited particles for the first time in preparing Ni-TiB2-Gd2O3composite coatings to improve its performance. Ni-TiB2-Gd2O3composite coatings were prepared by electrodeposition method from a nickel cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and hexadecylpyridinium bromide solution containing TiB2and Gd2O3particles. The content of codeposited TiB2and Gd2O3in the composite coatings was controlled by the addition of different TiB2and Gd2O3particles concentrations in the solution, respectively. The effects of TiB2and Gd2O3content on microhardness, wear weight loss, and friction coefficient of composite coatings were investigated, respectively. Ni-TiB2-Gd2O3composite coatings shows higher microhardness and lower wear weight loss, friction coefficient than those of the pure Ni coating and Ni-TiB2composite coatings. The wear weight loss of Ni-TiB2-Gd2O3composite coatings is lower 9.13 and 1.59 times than that of the pure Ni coating and Ni-TiB2composite coatings, respectively. The friction coefficients of pure Ni coating, Ni-TiB2and Ni-TiB2-Gd2O3composite coatings are 0.723, 0.815 and 0.43, respectively. Ni-TiB2-Gd2O3composite coatings shows the least friction coefficient among the three coatings. Gd2O3particles in composite coatings serves as solid lubricant between contact surfaces, decreases the friction coefficient, abates the wear and increases the corrosion resistance of the composite coatings. The loading-bearing capacity and the wear-reducing effect of the Gd2O3particles in the composite coatings are closely related to the content of Gd2O3particles in the composite coatings.

Effect of wax coatings containing diphenylamine on apples and pears during storage and ripening

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (61) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
WA Farooqi ◽  
EG Hall
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
External Appearance ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Superficial Scald ◽  
Cool Storage ◽  
Storage Disorders

Wax coatings containing diphenylamine (DPA) reduced weight loss from apples and pears in storage, kept the fruit firmer and greener, improved its external appearance and significantly reduced rates of respiration and ethylene production. In addition they reduced the incidence of superficial scald and other storage disorders. The preferred wax concentration for practical application to apples was 8 per cent total solids (ca. 6 per cent wax) as higher concentrations tended to produce off-flavours, particularly during holding at 20�C after cool storage. Waxing of pears prevented normal ripening at 20�C, and so cannot be recommended as a storage aid for this fruit.

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