scholarly journals Spur Fruit Set Is Negatively Related with Current-year Spur Leaf Area in Almond

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Tombesi ◽  
Bruce D. Lampinen ◽  
Samuel Metcalf ◽  
Theodore M. DeJong
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Alternate Bearing ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Almond Tree ◽  
Bearing Unit ◽  
The Relationship

Almond spurs are known to be the primary bearing unit in almond tree and are subject to alternate bearing. Fruits are a strong sink in bearing spurs and can influence spur leaf growth. At the same time the percent of flowers that set fruit on a spur (spur relative fruit set) could be influenced by the competition among multiple flowers/fruits borne on the same spur as well as by limited leaf area on the same spur. The aim of the present work was to investigate the relationship between current-year spur leaf area and spur absolute and relative fruit set. Approximately 2400 spurs were tagged and followed over 6 years and data concerning spur leaf area, number of flowers per spur, and number of fruits per spur were collected. Spur leaf area was reduced in fruiting spurs in comparison with non-fruiting spurs according to the number of fruits borne by each spur. This phenomenon contributes to spur alternate bearing because spur flowering and survival in the next year are a function of the leaf area in the current year. Relative fruit set in almond appears to be negatively associated with current-year spur leaf area. Competition among fruits on the same spur did not appear to influence spur relative fruit set.

scholarly journals Combined influence of bud load and bud position along the cane on vegetative and reproductive parameters of grape cv. Grillo

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 04012
Author(s):  
Rosario Di Lorenzo ◽  
Antonino Pisciotta
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Good Relationship ◽  
Flower Biology ◽  
Bud Position ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Berry Set

Cultivar Grillo vines are characterized by problems with flower biology (the fertility of basal buds) and fructification (millerandage). In this study, to manage the variability in bunch weight with winter pruning and to program others canopy management practices (i.e. early defoliation), three different treatments of bud load were set up by leaving the cane with 3, 6 or 10 buds. The effects of bud load and cane length were studies regarding bud fertility, shoot leaf area, and the number of flowers and berries, as well as the relationship between leaf area and percentage of fruit set, leaf area/flower and percentage of fruit set, and the number of hens and chicks berries. Shoots in the distal position had higher values of fertility and inflorescences with a greater number of flowers, while no ‘apical’ effect of the buds emerged. A good relationship was found between fruit set and the number of flowers, leaf area at flowering and yield, and square centimeters/flower and percentage of fruit set. Cane length was found to be a valid tool for managing bunch weight variability; the value of the leaf area/flower can be used to program early defoliation practice carried out to manage berry set.

scholarly journals Almond Spur Autonomy: Leaf Growth, Floral Initiation and Spur Survival

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 851B-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Heerema* ◽  
Ted M. De Jong ◽  
Steven A. Weinbaum
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Current Season ◽  
Carbohydrate Storage ◽  
Previous Season

Spurs are the primary bearing unit in mature `Nonpareil' almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb) trees. Our objective was to determine whether almond spurs behave autonomously with respect to various biological activities throughout the season. If autonomous, a spur's carbohydrate demands are met primarily by its own leaves and, therefore, the sink to source ratio of the spur itself is expected to be closely linked to its growth and development. In these experiments almond spurs differing in leaf area and/or fruit number were monitored for leaf development, fruit set, floral initiation, spur survival and carbohydrate storage. Previous-season spur leaf area had no relation to the number of leaves preformed within the dormant vegetative bud or final spur leaf area in the current season, but spurs which fruited in the previous season began spring leaf expansion later and current-season spur fruiting was associated with lower spur leaf area. There was little or no relationship between final percentage fruit set at the spur level and spur leaf area in either the current or previous seasons. Current-season spur leaf area was positively related to both spur flower bud number and spur winter survival. Carbohydrate storage in dormant spurs increased with increasing previous-season spur leaf area. These data are consistent with the concept of spur autonomy especially with regards to spur activities late in the season. The relationships of some of these same spur parameters to spur light exposure are currently being investigated.

Effect of Parental Modernity on Rejection Sensitivity and Self-Esteem of Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu ◽  
Madhu Anand
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Individual Modernity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Parental Modernity is an important aspect for the psycho-social development of the child. The present study aims to study the effect of parental modernity on rejection sensitivity and self-esteem of adolescents and the relationship between rejection sensitivity and self-esteem. The research is carried out on a sample of 240 parents (including 120 fathers and 120 mothers) and their 120 children. For observing the impact of modernity of parents on their children, Individual Modernity Scale was used and administered on father and mother. Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire and Self-Esteem Inventory were used to measure the rejection sensitivity and self-esteem of children (age ranges from 14 to 19 years). The results suggest that parental modernity has an effect on the rejection sensitivity and personally perceived self of the self – esteem of adolescents. Furthermore, the rejection sensitivity has been found negatively associated with self-esteem.

Perceived Employability Moderates Burnout and Depression Among Bank Employees

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 1123-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haishu Qiao ◽  
Yue Xia ◽  
Ying Li
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Perceived Employability ◽  
Bank Employees ◽  
The Relationship

Because bank employees have been found to be especially susceptible to burnout and depression, we explored the relationship between these variables, and examined the moderating effect of perceived employability on the burnout–depression relationship in a sample of Chinese bank employees. As we expected, burnout and perceived employability were, respectively, positively and negatively associated with depression. The results of hierarchical regression and structural equation modeling indicated that perceived employability moderated the relationship between burnout and depression; higher perceived employability was associated with a weaker relationship between burnout and depression. Interventions aimed at developing the perceived employability of Chinese bank employees may help to improve mental health in this group.

scholarly journals Responses of Rice Growth to Day and Night Temperature and Relative Air Humidity—Leaf Elongation and Assimilation

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Sabine Stuerz ◽  
Folkard Asch
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Leaf Elongation ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Leaf Area Expansion ◽  
Plant Level ◽  
Area Expansion

Predictions of future crop growth and yield under a changing climate require a precise knowledge of plant responses to their environment. Since leaf growth increases the photosynthesizing area of the plant, it occupies a central position during the vegetative phase. Rice is cultivated in diverse ecological zones largely differing in temperature and relative air humidity (RH). To investigate the effects of temperature and RH during day and night on leaf growth, one variety (IR64) was grown in a growth chamber using 9 day/night regimes around the same mean temperature and RH, which were combinations of 3 temperature treatments (30/20 °C, 25/25 °C, 20/30 °C day/night temperature) and 3 RH treatments (40/90%, 65/65%, 90/40% day/night RH). Day/night leaf elongation rates (LER) were measured and compared to leaf gas exchange measurements and leaf area expansion on the plant level. While daytime LER was mainly temperature-dependent, nighttime LER was equally affected by temperature and RH and closely correlated with leaf area expansion at the plant level. We hypothesize that the same parameters increasing LER during the night also enhance leaf area expansion via shifts in partitioning to larger and thinner leaves. Further, base temperatures estimated from LERs varied with RH, emphasizing the need to take RH into consideration when modeling crop growth in response to temperature.

scholarly journals The relationship of indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate with target cardiovascular proteins in hemodialysis patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping-Hsun Wu ◽  
Yi-Ting Lin ◽  
Yi-Wen Chiu ◽  
Gabriel Baldanzi ◽  
Jiun-Chi Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Complement Component ◽  
Uremic Toxins ◽  
Indoxyl Sulfate ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractProtein-bound uremic toxins (Indoxyl sulfate [IS] and p-cresyl sulfate [PCS]) are both associated with cardiovascular (CV) and all-cause mortality in subjects with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Possible mechanisms have not been elucidated. In hemodialysis patients, we investigated the relationship between the free form of IS and PCS and 181 CV-related proteins. First, IS or PCS concentrations were checked, and high levels were associated with an increased risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in 333 stable HD patients. CV proteins were further quantified by a proximity extension assay. We examined associations between the free form protein-bound uremic toxins and the quantified proteins with correction for multiple testing in the discovery process. In the second step, the independent association was evaluated by multivariable-adjusted models. We rank the CV proteins related to protein-bound uremic toxins by bootstrapped confidence intervals and ascending p-value. Six proteins (signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family member 5, complement component C1q receptor, C–C motif chemokine 15 [CCL15], bleomycin hydrolase, perlecan, and cluster of differentiation 166 antigen) were negatively associated with IS. Fibroblast growth factor 23 [FGF23] was the only CV protein positively associated with IS. Three proteins (complement component C1q receptor, CCL15, and interleukin-1 receptor-like 2) were negatively associated with PCS. Similar findings were obtained after adjusting for classical CV risk factors. However, only higher levels of FGF23 was related to increased risk of ACS. In conclusion, IS and PCS were associated with several CV-related proteins involved in endothelial barrier function, complement system, cell adhesion, phosphate homeostasis, and inflammation. Multiplex proteomics seems to be a promising way to discover novel pathophysiology of the uremic toxin.

scholarly journals A Dyadic Perspective on Coping and its Effects on Relationship Quality and Psychological Distress in Couples Living with Chronic Pain: A Longitudinal Study

Pain Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. e102-e113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manasi M Mittinty ◽  
Sara Kindt ◽  
Murthy N Mittinty ◽  
Sonia Bernardes ◽  
Annmarie Cano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Psychological Outcomes ◽  
Dyadic Coping ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Curve Model ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Objective Dyadic coping is a process of coping within couples that is intended not only to support the patient with chronic pain but also to maintain equilibrium in the relationship. This study aims to investigate the effect of patient-perceived and spouse-reported dyadic coping on both the patient and their partner’s relationship quality and anxiety, stress, and depression over time. Methods One hundred thirty-nine couples, with one partner experiencing chronic pain, participated in this study. Spanning three measurements over six months, couples reported on their anxiety, stress, depression, relationship quality, and dyadic coping. Results Patient-perceived supportive dyadic coping was positively associated with both partners’ relationship quality but was negatively associated with spouses’ stress over time. Patient-perceived negative dyadic coping was negatively associated with both partners’ relationship quality and positively associated with patients’ depression and spouses’ depression and stress over time. Spouse-reported supportive dyadic coping showed a positive association with their own relationship quality and a negative association with spouses’ depression at baseline and patients’ depression at three-month follow-up. Spouse-reported negative dyadic coping was negatively associated with their relationship quality at baseline and positively associated with their partner’s anxiety and stress at six-month and three-month follow-up, respectively. Similar inference was observed from the findings of growth curve model. Conclusions As compared with spouse report, patient perception of dyadic coping is a better predictor of both partners’ relationship quality and psychological outcomes over time. Both partners may benefit from early psychosocial intervention to improve their dyadic coping, relationship quality, and psychological outcomes.

On the relationship of NDVI with leaf area index in a deciduous forest site

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Wang ◽  
Samuel Adiku ◽  
John Tenhunen ◽  
André Granier
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Quantification of Airborne Inoculum as an Aid in the Management of Leaf Blight of Onion Caused by Botrytis squamosa

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (7) ◽  
pp. 726-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Carisse ◽  
H. A. McCartney ◽  
J. A. Gagnon ◽  
L. Brodeur
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Control Plot ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Lesion Development ◽  
Botrytis Squamosa ◽  
Airborne Inoculum ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Epidemic Development ◽  
The Relationship

Botrytis leaf blight, caused by Botrytis squamosa, is a common and frequently damaging disease of onion crops, but the severity of epidemics varies widely from year to year. The disease is initiated and spread by airborne conidia. The relationship between airborne conidium concentration (ACC) and lesion development was studied in the field. A linear relationship was found between ACC and number of lesions per leaf: ACC values of 10 to 15 and 25 to 35 conidia m-3 were associated with 1 and 2.5 lesions per leaf, respectively. In 2000 and 2001, at three sites, four different criteria were used to start a fungicide spray program and their effect on epidemic development was compared with that of a grower's conventional schedule. The criteria were: at the fourth-true-leaf growth stage; according to an inoculum production index; when the ACC reached 10 to 15 conidia m-3; and when the ACC reached 25 to 35 conidia m-3. A nonsprayed control plot was included in the trial. Fungicide programs started when the ACC reached 10 to 15 conidia m-3 were as effective as the conventional program, but used fewer sprays. A fungicide spray program based on measurements of ACC and disease severity was evaluated in 2002 and 2003 in five and three commercial onion fields, respectively. At each site, half of the field was sprayed according to the grower's schedule and, in the other half, fungicide sprays were initiated when a threshold of 10 to 15 conidia m-3 or five lesions on the lower leaf (whichever came first) was reached. Overall, the number of fungicide applications was reduced by 75 and 56% in 2002 and 2003, respectively, without causing significant yield reduction. In both years, the reduction in number of fungicide applications was due mainly to the delay in initiation of the fungicide program.

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