scholarly journals Systematic Evaluation of Landrace Tea Populations in Northern Sichuan, China, Based on Morphology, DNA Markers, and Biochemistry Analyses

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 1095-1101
Author(s):  
Li-Qiang Tan ◽  
Xin-Yu Wang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Guan-Qun Liu ◽  
Yao Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Markers ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Level ◽  
Selection Of

Landrace tea populations are important recourses for germplasm conservation and selection of elite tea clone cultivars. To understand their genetic diversity and use them effectively for breeding, two traditional landrace tea populations, Beichuan Taizicha (BCTZ) and Nanjiang Dayecha (NJDY), localized to northern Sichuan, were evaluated for morphological characters, simple sequence repeat (SSR)–based DNA markers and the contents of biochemical components. A wide range of morphological variation and a moderately high level of DNA polymorphism were observed from both BCTZ and NJDY. NJDY had on average, bigger leaves, larger flowers, higher total catechins (TCs), and greater gene diversity (GD) than BCTZ. Interestingly, samples from BCTZ had a wide range in the ratio of galloylated catechins to nongalloylated catechins (G/NG) (1.83–8.12, cv = 48.8%), whereas samples from NJDY were more variable in total amino acid (TAA) content (25.3–50.8 mg·g−1 dry weight) than those from BCTZ. We concluded that the two Camellia sinensis landrace populations are of great interest for both individual selection breeding and scientific studies.

scholarly journals Overview of the Genetic Diversity of African Macrotermes (Termitidae: Macrotermitinae) and Implications for Taxonomy, Ecology and Food Science

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 518
Author(s):  
Bronwyn Egan ◽  
Zwannda Nethavhani ◽  
Barbara van Asch
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Food Science ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
African Species ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
High Level

Macrotermes termites play important ecological roles and are consumed by many communities as a delicacy and dietary complement throughout Africa. However, lack of reliable morphological characters has hampered studies of Macrotermes diversity in a wide range of scientific fields including ecology, phylogenetics and food science. In order to place our preliminary assessment of the diversity of Macrotermes in South Africa in context, we analysed a comprehensive dataset of COI sequences for African species including new and publicly available data. Phylogenetic reconstruction and estimates of genetic divergence showed a high level of incongruity between species names and genetic groups, as well as several instances of cryptic diversity. We identified three main clades and 17 genetic groups in the dataset. We propose that this structure be used as a background for future surveys of Macrotermes diversity in Africa, thus mitigating the negative impact of the present taxonomic uncertainties in the genus. The new specimens collected in Limpopo fell into four distinct genetic groups, suggesting that the region harbours remarkable Macrotermes diversity relative to other African regions surveyed in previous studies. This work shows that African Macrotermes have been understudied across the continent, and that the genus contains cryptic diversity undetectable by classic taxonomy. Furthermore, these results may inform future taxonomic revisions in Macrotermes, thus contributing to advances in termitology.

scholarly journals The Genetic Variability of Sicilian Lemon Germplasm Revealed by Molecular Marker Fingerprints

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Siragusa ◽  
Fabio De Pasquale ◽  
Loredana Abbate ◽  
Letizia Martorana ◽  
Nicasio Tusa
Keyword(s):  
Dna Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Genetic Isolation ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Bud Mutation ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Level ◽  
Polymorphic Nature

There is a high level of diversity among lemons [Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f. (2n = 2x = 18)] in Sicily, where each growing area has a wide range of landraces mostly derived from bud mutation. Because this variability represents an important resource for future breeding programs and genetic improvement, the relationships among the principal 36 accessions of Sicilian lemon, belonging to three different cultivars (Femminello, Monachello, and Lunario), were examined by intersimple sequence repeat and random amplified polymorphic DNA markers. Three ‘Femminello’ accessions from nearby Italian regions were also examined to study the genetic flow from the continent. The disputed case of the accession ‘Eureka Messina lemon’ was also examined, using ‘Frost Eureka’ as a control. Our results confirmed the extreme polymorphic nature of the three principal Sicilian cultivars and the presence of a wide range of different genotypes. Twenty-two Sicilian genotypes were recognized as unique accessions, reflecting the richness of the lemon germplasm present in Sicily. Each growing area showed the presence of several genetically different landraces, probably preserved by genetic isolation, whereas the continental accessions appeared extremely similar to the island genotypes, showing an exchange of germplasm from the island to the continent.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) Genotypes for their Tolerance to Flooding

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 89-101
Author(s):  
MS Rana ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
TA Urmi ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
MM Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Selection Of

Waterlogging is one the major abiotic stresses that affects growth and yield of blackgram. A field experiment was carried out at the experimental field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706 during kharif II season to evaluate 26 blackgram genotypes for understanding the flood tolerance in respect of yield and yield contributing characters. The experiment was laid out with a randomized complete block design with three replications. Water logging depth was 3-5 cm, created by irrigation from tap water and imposed at 29 days after emergence of seedlings which was maintained for 8 days. Multivariate analysis was performed involving eight qualitative plant characters. A wide range of variation was found for all the qualitative plant characters like plant height, plant dry weight, branches per plant, pods per plant, pod length, seeds per pod, 1000-seed weight and yield per plant. Flooding reduced all the growth parameters of blackgram but degree of reduction varied greatly over the blackgram genotypes. Considering yield performance, the genotypes BU Acc 25 showed the highest yield per plant (9.03 g) followed by the BU Acc 17 (6.47 g) and BU Acc 24 (6.17) under flooding . The yield reduction percent of the same genotypes were minimum (43.86, 60.82 and 65.96, respectively) compared to control which is very important for selection of those genotypes as a flooding tolerant. The Agriculturists 2019; 17(1-2) 89-101

An Approach for Selection of Health Care Personnel Handwashing Agents

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Larson ◽  
George H. Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Product Evaluation ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
User Preference ◽  
Health Care Personnel ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Product Effectiveness ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractGiven the wide range of available health care personnel handwashing agents, selection of an appropriate product may be difficult. This decision may be made on the basis of user preference, cost, or other factors unrelated to product effectiveness. Four criteria—efficacy, safety, cost, and acceptability—are appropriate for systematic evaluation of handwashing products. These criteria are applied to para-chloro-meta-xylenol (PCMX), a compound used with increasing frequency in health care personnel handwashing agents. Published data regarding the biochemical properties, efficacy, and safety of PCMX are summarized. We conclude that the substance appears to be safe and efficacious. However, the activity of PCMX is highly formula-dependent and many of the studies available in scientific literature have been conducted in Europe using a variety of testing conditions and formulations different from those currently available in the US. Clinical studies of marketed formulations are beginning to appear in the literature. Such studies will provide the data needed for adequate product evaluation.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF ALLELES OF BOLA-DRB3.2 GENE ASSOCIATED WITH NECROBACTERIOSIS OF THE COWS OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY CATTLE

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Suprovich ◽  
Т. Karchevska ◽  
R. Kolinchuk ◽  
V. Mizyk
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Pearson Criterion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
High Level

The main objective of research "BoLA and disease" is the need to develop approaches and obtain reliable criteria which would allow to judge about animal genetic predisposition to the disease and about change of its immunological status in the development of pathological process. Genes of class II of main histocompatibility complex have the greatest association to diseases. Now 54 alleles of BoLA-DRB3.2 have been described by PCR-RFLP. The high level of allelic diversity of the gene is caused by necessity of tying a wide range of foreign antigens, which leads to the possibility of its use as a marker for various diseases of cattle. This article presents the results of detecting alleles of BoLA-DRB3.2 gene, which have the expressed relationship with the disease of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows on necrobacteriosis and can be used as DNA markers of this disease. Diagnosis of necrobacteriosis was set at the basis of clinical, pathological and epizootic data and laboratory results. The blood samples were taken from 114 cows, 43 of which had the disease. Spectrum of alleles of exon 2 of BoLA-DRB3 gene was studied by PCR. 54 alleles were determined in total. Alleles, which have a close relationship with susceptibility or resistance to necrobacteriosis and can be used as DNA markers, were established on indicators of frequency and relative risk (RR) with test on Pearson criterion (χ2). 32 alleles were determined in the experimental group of animals. There were seven alleles with a frequency greater than 5%. The most often determined allele of BoLA-DRB3.2 was *24. It is present in 18% of the animals. And often determined alleles were *22 (7,9%) and *28 (7,5%). Limit higher than 5% was for alleles *08 and * 09 (6,1%), *03 and *16 (5,3%). The lowest frequency of detection was for alleles *06, *25, *31 and *41 (0,4%). Alleles of BoLA-DRB3.2*24 (16,9%), *22 (10,6%), *28 (8,5%), *03 (7,7%), *08 and *10 (6,3%) were often determined in the group of healthy cows. Alleles *06, *14, *19, *25 and *51 weren’t determined in this group. The animals with necrobacteriosis had often alleles *24 (19,8%), *16 (12,8%), *23 (8,1%), *8, *10 and *28 (5,8%). Alleles *01, *11, *21, *31 and *41 weren’t in general. In the three experimental groups 8 alleles were determined with a frequency of over 5% (all herd, healthy and diseased animals respectively). There are four alleles among them presented in all three samples: *08, *10, *24 and *28. Two "informative" alleles (*03 and *22) were found in every the 20th animal simultaneously in two groups of cows – healthy animals and in the total sample. Also two "informative" alleles *16 and *23 were simultaneously in the diseased cows and in the total sample. 11 alleles have significant association with susceptibility or resistance to necrobacteriosis on criterion of relative risk. There are 4 alleles *16 (24,1%), * 18 (5,25%), *25 (5,04%) and *23 (4,41%), indicating the relationship with disease (RR ≥ 2). Four alleles of BoLA-DRB3.2 are significant on criterion χ2 and have a sufficient test of validity for the studied biological objects. Allele *16 shows a very high level test of validity P = 0,999 (χ2 = 16,6). Three alleles *03 (4,93), *23 (4,86) and *22 (4,03) have a minimum acceptable test of validity for χ2 for P = 0,95. 8 alleles: *3 (-7,7), *21 (- ,44), *36 (-3,87), *22 (-3,57), *12 (-3,18), *1 and *11 (-3,13) and *26 (- 2,51) indicate neсrobaсteriosis resistance (RR ≤ -2). Allele would be associated with the disease if the condition performed RR ≥ 2 і χ2> 3,8. There are two such alleles: *16 (RR = 24,1; χ2 = 16,6), *23 (RR = 4,41; χ2 = 4,86). Also "negative" alleles on risk of disease manifest are *18 (5,25) and *25 (5,08), but with insufficient validity of Pearson criterion (respectively 2,45 and 1,66). Allele would be associated with the resistance to disease if the condition performed RR ≤ -2 і χ2> 3,8. There are 2 alleles associated with resistance to necrobacteriosis: *03 (RR = -7,7; χ2 = 4,93) and *22 (RR = -3,57; χ2 = 4,03). Also six alleles (* 01, * 11, * 12, * 21, * 26 and * 36) detected resistance to neсrobacteriosis on high level of relative risk, but with insufficient validity. It should be noted, that allele BoLA-DRB3.2*22, which proved to be a "positive" marker of resistance to necrobacteriosis, has a strong correlation with resistance to mastitis in cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy (RR = -2,52; χ2 = 5,02) and Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breeds (RR = -4,66; χ2 = 11,11) in previous studies. The study of the distribution of alleles of exon 2 of BoLA-DRB3 gene at the Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows, which were healthy and diseased by necrobacteriosis, revealed the alleles which had a close relationship with penchant to this disease (* 16 and * 23) and two alleles associated with resistance (* 03 and * 22). Given the fact that the research was conducted directly on animal blood DNA the detected alleles BoLA-DRB3 should be used as DNA markers in the analysis of susceptibility or resistance to necrobacteriosis of cows.

Reproductive strategy of the female deep-water shark birdbeak dogfish, Deania calcea: lecithotrophy or matrotrophy?

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Barros Paiva ◽  
Ana Neves ◽  
Vera Sequeira ◽  
Maria Leonor Nunes ◽  
Leonel Serrano Gordo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Maternal Contribution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
High Level

Little information is available on the maternal–embryonic relationships among sharks. Birdbeak dogfish (Deania calcea) has been described as ovoviviparous, but this term comprises a wide range of forms on how the embryos are nourished including lecithotrophy and matrotrophy. To evaluate the maternal–embryonic relationship in birdbeak dogfish we have analysed chemical features (fatty acid composition and mercury (Hg) levels) and biological characteristics (egg and embryo dry weight variation, uterus characterization). Monounsaturated fatty acids were the dominant fatty acids in eggs while polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were the dominant fatty acids in both pregnant females and embryos. Significant differences were found among eggs, embryos and pregnant females for all fatty acids groups with the exception of saturated fatty acids for embryos and pregnant females. The principal components analysis revealed that embryos are particularly related to n-6 PUFA and pregnant females with n-3 PUFA. A close relationship exists between the Hg level of pregnant females and the Hg level of their embryos which indicates that there is a transfer of mercury from maternal sources. The comparison of the mean dry weight between eggs and embryos showed a gain of 3.8% obtained in the embryos. Histological sections of the uteri of pregnant females showed a high level of both superficial and inner vascularization in the uterine villi as well as the presence of secretor cells. Until now, the importance of this species maternal contribution and interference for the embryos development has never been documented. However, the biological and chemical results observed in the present work show that there is a matrotrophic strategy for the birdbeak dogfish.

scholarly journals The design and Performance of the Atlas Inner Detector Trigger in High Pileup Collisions at 13 Tev at the Large Hadron Collider

2019 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 01051
Author(s):  
Julie Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Level Trigger ◽  
Physics Program ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Interaction ◽  
Vital Component ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Selection Of

The design and performance of the ATLAS Inner Detector (ID) trigger algorithms running online on the High Level Trigger (HLT) processor farm for 13 TeV LHC collision data with high pileup are discussed. The HLT ID tracking is a vital component in all physics signatures in the ATLAS trigger for the precise selection of the rare or interesting events necessary for physics analysis without overwhelming the offline data storage in terms of both size and rate. To cope with the high interaction rates expected in the 13 TeV LHC collisions, the ID trigger was redesigned during the 2013-15 long shutdown. The performance of the ID trigger in Run 2 data from 13 TeV LHC collisions has been excellent and exceeded expectations, even at the very high interaction multiplicities observed at the end of data-taking in 2017. The detailed efficiencies and resolutions of the ID trigger in a wide range of physics signatures are presented for the Run 2 data. The superb performance of the ID trigger algorithms in these extreme pileup conditions demonstrates how the ID tracking continues to lie at the heart of the trigger performance to enable the ATLAS physics program, and will continue to do so in the future.

Molecular phylogeny of genus Musa determined by simple sequence repeat markers

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huimin Feng ◽  
You Chen ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Yaoting Wu
Keyword(s):  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Molecular Marker Analysis ◽  
High Level ◽  
Simple Sequence

Musa L. was previously separated into five sections (Eumusa, Rhodochlamys, Callimusa, Australimusa and Ingentimusa) based on basic chromosome numbers and morphological characters. However, several molecular analyses currently support restructuring of Musa species into two sections, Musa and Callimusa. The application of simple sequence repeat molecular marker analysis to Musa phylogeny provided valuable, supplemental information about the classification of, and relationships between, Musa species and subspecies. Totally, 28 accessions of Musa acuminata Colla subspecies and varieties and 25 accessions of other Musa species were evaluated; 12 primers produced 91 polymorphic bands, polymorphic information content ranged from 0.4473 to 0.8394 (average = 0.7226), indicating that the primers showed a high level of polymorphism. Our results generally agreed with previous phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data. One clade comprised species of sections Australimusa and Callimusa (X= 10/9); most species of sections Eumusa and Rhodochlamys (X= 11) formed the other clade. The relationships between most species were as expected; however, some species did not conform to findings of previous studies. A wide range of variability was observed in the M. acuminata complex. M. acuminata var. chinensis and M. acuminata subsp. 522 showed the most distant relationships to other subspecies: Musa laterita, Musa ornata and Musa velutina clustered with M. acuminata var. chinensis, suggesting that they may constitute a secondary gene pool for the improvement of cultivated bananas. Molecular data indicated that Musa tongbiguanensis Chen You & Yao-Ting Wu, which was observed and described by our research group in Yunnan, China, was a distinct, new species.

Parametric Study and Meanline Design of Multistage Axial Flow Compressor for Process Application

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambrish Singh ◽  
Nand Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Axial Compressor ◽  
Axial Flow ◽  
Flow Coefficient ◽  
Detailed Design ◽  
Axial Flow Compressor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Last Stage ◽  
Flow Compressor ◽  
High Level ◽  
Selection Of

An industrial axial compressor has to meet a wide range of operation requirements. These machines have to run continuously for four to five years before going for overhaul. Hence, overall high level of efficiency may be slightly relaxed to meet this requirement. This requires axial flow compressor design to be more conservative and flexible to accommodate changes required for process industry through modern design & development approaches. This paper deals with finding of optimum flow path configuration that will allow a successful detailed design to follow. The effect of various parameters such as hub to tip ratio, proper selection of design rpm, reactions, work coefficient & flow coefficient has been investigated and selected for optimal performance of the machine. Last stage of the compressor is selected as radial stage with the advantage of reduction in axial length and to provide radial outlet, which is more suitable outlet configuration. Meanline design and streamline analysis for each configuration is determined to find out good operating range (stall-free operation) before starting the detailed design.

scholarly journals New records and an updated checklist of snakes from Son La Province, Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anh Pham ◽  
Thomas Ziegler ◽  
Truong Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Species Of Conservation Concern ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Data Book ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time

Son La Province is located in north-western Vietnam and the province contains a large area of 440,000 hectares of natural forest. A wide range of elevations and the complexity of landforms have given this province a great diversity of natural habitats and a high level of biodiversity potential. However, the snake fauna of Son La province is still poorly studied. Previous studies documented 56 species of snakes from this province. As a result of our field surveys in Phu Yen, Song Ma, Thuan Chau and Van Ho districts, we report five species of snakes for the first time from Son La Province, northern Vietnam, namely Boiga cyanea, B. guangxiensis, Lycodon meridionalis (Colubridae), Protobothrops cornutus and P. mucrosquamatus (Viperidae), with novel data about morphological characters. In addition, we provide an updated checklist of 61 snake species from Son La Province. The snake fauna of Son La Province also contains a number of species of conservation concern: 11 species listed in the Red Data Book of Vietnam (2007), four species listed in the IUCN Red List (2020) and four species listed in the Vietnam Governmental Decree No. 06 (2019).

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