scholarly journals Comparative Study of Ripening Related Gene Expression and Postharvest Physiological Changes between Astringent and Nonastringent Persimmon Cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-212
Author(s):  
Jingjing Kou ◽  
Zhihui Zhao ◽  
Wenjiang Wang ◽  
Chuangqi Wei ◽  
Junfeng Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Physiological Property ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Diospyros Kaki ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Endogenous Ethylene ◽  
China Studies ◽  
Hydrolyzing Enzymes ◽  
Property Changes

‘Mopan’ persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) is a traditional astringent cultivar of persimmon and ‘Yoho’ persimmon (D. kaki) is a newly introduced Japanese nonastringent type of cultivar in northern China. Studies were conducted to investigate the physiological changes and expression of ripening-related genes in the postharvest process at different periods under the effects of endogenous ethylene in both cultivars. Persimmons were harvested and stored under room temperature for 20 days. An analysis of physiological changes showed significant differences between the two cultivars. Total soluble solids declined in ‘Mopan’ fruit, whereas those in ‘Yoho’ fruit increased during storage. Firmness, color, index of absorbance difference, total and soluble tannin contents, ethylene production, and respiration rates showed the same trend, but these values vary by cultivar. ‘Mopan’ fruit softened rapidly after harvest and attained edible quality in 20 days, with an increased rate of softening accompanied by increased expression of ripening-related genes. In contract, ‘Yoho’ fruit softening occurred slowly and did not soften even after 20 days, with minimal accumulation of the ripening-related genes. The information obtained from this study demonstrates that cell wall-hydrolyzing enzymes, the de-astringent process, and endogenous ethylene have critical roles in postharvest ripening, gene expression, and physiological property changes of ‘Mopan’ and ‘Yoho’ persimmon fruit during storage.

scholarly journals Day-night and seasonal variation of human gene expression across tissues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Wucher ◽  
Reza Sodaei ◽  
Raziel Amador ◽  
Manuel Irimia ◽  
Roderic Guigó
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Human Gene ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Thoracic Cavity ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Circannual Cycles ◽  
Transcriptomic Changes

AbstractCircadian and circannual cycles trigger physiological changes whose reflection on human transcriptomes remains largely uncharted. We used the time and season of death of 932 individuals from GTEx to jointly investigate transcriptomic changes associated with those cycles across multiple tissues. For most tissues, we found little overlap between genes changing expression during day-night and among seasons. Although all tissues remodeled their transcriptomes, brain and gonadal tissues exhibited the highest seasonality, whereas those in the thoracic cavity showed stronger day-night regulation. Core clock genes displayed marked day-night differences across multiple tissues, which were largely conserved in baboon and mouse, but adapted to their nocturnal or diurnal habits. Seasonal variation of expression affected multiple pathways and were enriched among genes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, they unveiled cytoarchitectural changes in brain subregions. Altogether, our results provide the first combined atlas of how transcriptomes from human tissues adapt to major cycling environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Influence of reflective foil on persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) fruit peel colour and selected bioactive compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Smrke ◽  
Martina Persic ◽  
Robert Veberic ◽  
Helena Sircelj ◽  
Jerneja Jakopic
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compound ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diospyros Kaki ◽  
Fruit Colour ◽  
Persimmon Fruit ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reflective Foil

AbstractThe purpose of this work was to investigate how to overcome the negative effect of anti-hail netting on the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) in persimmon trees and persimmon fruit colour, flesh firmness, total soluble solids (TSS) and individual carotenoid and phenolic compound contents (determined via HPLC-MS) under a hail net with the use of reflective foil. Reflective foil increased the PPFD on the lower side of the fruits, while there was no significant difference on the upper side compared to those of the control group. The CIE colour parameters a* and h° indicated more intense red colouration of the fruits in the foil treatment than those in the control. Among carotenoids, the content of β-carotene increased, and the content of zeaxanthin decreased in fruits in the reflective foil treatment group, while the content of other carotenoids was not affected by the reflective foil. Among individual phenolic compounds in the persimmon peel, greater light intensity significantly influenced all three phenolic compound subgroups: phenolic acids, flavan-3-ols and flavonols. The content of gallic acid in the persimmon flesh increased the most, while other phenolics did not show any significant differences in concentrations between the foil and control groups. This study is the first to examine the influence of reflective foil on bioactive compounds in persimmon fruit. The use of reflective foil in persimmon orchards improves persimmon fruit colour and selected bioactive compound contents.

scholarly journals Selection and validation of reference genes for quantitative gene expression analyses in persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) using real-time quantitative PCR

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-267
Author(s):  
Gaigai Du ◽  
Liyuan Wang ◽  
Huawei Li ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Jianmin Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Reference Gene ◽  
Reference Genes ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Suitable Reference Gene ◽  
Diospyros Kaki ◽  
Stable Gene ◽  
Expression Studies ◽  
Gene Expression Studies

Background and aims Persimmon (Diospyros kaki) is an economically important fruit tree species with complex flowering characteristics. To obtain accurate expression pattern analysis results, it is vital to select a reliable gene for the normalization of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction data. The aim of this study was to identify the optimal internal control gene among six candidate genes for gene expression analysis in different persimmon organs and developmental stages. Materials and methods This analysis was conducted using geNorm and NormFinder software to show differences in the stability of the six reference genes among tissues and floral developmental stages of the same plant. Results Although genes that exhibited moderate expression in NormFinder revealed slightly different expression stabilities than those obtained by geNorm, both sets of results showed that GAPDH was the best reference gene in different organs and floral buds at different developmental stages, whereas 18SrRNA was the least stable gene. Conclusions Based on the overall ranking, GAPDH is the most suitable reference gene and is highly recommended for gene expression studies in different organs and different developmental stages of persimmon. This study provides useful reference data for future gene expression studies and will contribute to improving the accuracy of gene expression results in persimmon.

scholarly journals Prediction of PPAR-α ligand-mediated physiological changes using gene expression profiles

2003 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 592-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Stensgaard Frederiksen ◽  
Erik Max Wulff ◽  
Per Sauerberg ◽  
John Patrick Mogensen ◽  
Lone Jeppesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Physiological Changes

scholarly journals Effect of Radiofrequency Heating on the Quality of ‘Fuyu’ Persimmon Fruit as a Treatment for Control of the Mexican Fruit Fly

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria E. Monzon ◽  
Bill Biasi ◽  
Elizabeth J. Mitcham ◽  
Shaojin Wang ◽  
Juming Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Anastrepha Ludens ◽  
Diospyros Kaki ◽  
Mexican Fruit Fly ◽  
Persimmon Fruit

The external and internal quality of ‘Fuyu’ persimmon fruit (Diospyros kaki L.) was evaluated after heating with radiofrequency (RF) energy to 48, 50, or 52 °C, holding at the target temperatures for durations ranging from 0.5 to 18 minutes, hydrocooling, and ripening at 20 °C for 12 days. These treatment conditions were identified for control of third instar Mexican fruit fly larvae (Anastrepha ludens). The treatments had no commercially significant effect on firmness, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, or weight loss of the fruit. RF-treated persimmon fruit attained a deeper orange–red skin color than control fruit. There was a greater incidence of slight to moderate flesh browning in fruit heated to 50 and 52 °C as compared with 48 °C. Calyx browning increased slightly in all RF-treated fruit and was the highest in the longer treatments at each temperature. Heating persimmon fruit with RF to 48 °C and then holding for 6 or 12 minutes showed the least damage, and the latter treatment was longer than should be required for a quarantine treatment against the third instar Mexican fruit fly. Holding persimmons for 6.6 minutes at 48 °C should provide control of the Mexican fruit fly and maintain fruit quality. Confirmation tests with infested fruit should be conducted.

scholarly journals Pumiliotoxin metabolism and molecular physiology in a poison frog

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurora Alvarez-Buylla ◽  
Cheyenne Y. Payne ◽  
Charles Vidoudez ◽  
Sunia A. Trauger ◽  
Lauren A. O’Connell
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Molecular Physiology ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Poison Frog ◽  
Poison Frogs ◽  
Immune System Function ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Frog Species

ABSTRACTPoison frogs bioaccumulate alkaloids for chemical defense from their arthropod diet. These small molecules are sequestered from their gastrointestinal tract and transported to the skin for storage. Although many alkaloids are accumulated without modification, some poison frog species can metabolize pumiliotoxin (PTX 251D) into the more potent allopumiliotoxin (aPTX 267A). Despite extensive research characterizing the chemical arsenal of poison frogs, the physiological mechanisms involved in the sequestration and metabolism of individual alkaloids is unknown. We performed a feeding experiment with the Dyeing poison frog (Dendrobates tinctorius) to ask if this species can metabolize PTX 251D into aPTX 267A and what gene expression changes are associated with PTX 251D exposure in the intestines, liver, and skin. We found that D. tinctorius can metabolize PTX 251D into aPTX 267A, and that PTX 251D exposure changed the expression of genes involved in immune system function and small molecule metabolism and transport. These results show that individual alkaloids can modify gene expression across poison frog tissues and suggest that different alkaloid classes in wild diets may induce specific physiological changes for accumulation and metabolism.

scholarly journals Significant Associations of SOX9 Gene Polymorphism and Gene Expression with the Risk of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in a Han Population in Northern China

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Song ◽  
Zhenwu Du ◽  
Ming Ren ◽  
Qiwei Yang ◽  
Yujie Sui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cartilage Growth ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Sox9 Gene

Sex determining region Y-box 9 (SOX9) is a key transcription factor involved in cartilage formation during the embryonic development stage and cartilage growth and repair after birth. To explore the roles of polymorphism and expression of the SOX9 gene in the development of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), we analyzed the polymorphism of rs12601701 [A/G] and rs1042667 [A/C] and the serum protein expression of the SOX9 gene in 182 patients with ONFH and 179 healthy control subjects. Results revealed that the A-A haplotype of SOX9 gene as well as the GG and AA genotypes of rs12601701 was significantly associated with increased ONFH risk (P=0.038) and the risk of bilateral hip lesions of ONFH (P=0.009), respectively. The C-A, A-A, and A-G haplotypes were also statistically associated with the decreased and increased risk of bilateral hip lesions of ONFH (P=0.03,P=0.048, andP=0.013), respectively, while the A-A haplotype closely related to the clinical stages of ONFH (P=0.041). More importantly, the serum SOX9 protein expression of the ONFH group was greatly decreased compared to control group (P=0.0001). Our results first showed that the gene polymorphism and gene expression of SOX9 were significantly associated with the risk and clinical phenotypes of ONFH and also indicate that the SOX9 gene may play a key role in the development of ONFH.

scholarly journals Assessment of Genomic Instability in Medical Workers Exposed to Chronic Low-Dose X-Rays in Northern China

Dose-Response ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 155932581989137
Author(s):  
Lianying Fang ◽  
Jieqing Li ◽  
Weiguo Li ◽  
Xuesong Mao ◽  
Ya Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Genomic Instability ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Northern China ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Damage Repair ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Genomic Damage

The increasing use of ionizing radiation (IR) in medical diagnosis and treatment has caused considerable concern regarding the effects of occupational exposure on human health. Despite this concern, little information is available regarding possible effects and the mechanism behind chronic low-dose irradiation. The present study assessed potential genomic damage in workers occupationally exposed to low-dose X-rays. A variety of analyses were conducted, including assessing the level of DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations (CA) as well as cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay, gene expression profiling, and antioxidant level determination. Here, we report that the level of DNA damage, CA, and CBMN were all significantly increased. Moreover, the gene expression and antioxidant activities were changed in the peripheral blood of men exposed to low-dose X-rays. Collectively, our findings indicated a strong correlation between genomic instability and duration of low-dose IR exposure. Our data also revealed the DNA damage repair and antioxidative mechanisms which could result in the observed genomic instability in health-care workers exposed to chronic low-dose IR.

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