scholarly journals Obtaining a nanosized silica-humic preparation and its initial approbation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-429
Author(s):  
Yu. D. Smirnova ◽  
G. Yu. Rabinovich ◽  
N. V. Fomicheva
Keyword(s):  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Sodium Metasilicate ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Ultrasonic Dispersion ◽  
Ultrasonic Action ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Nanosized Silica

Abstract: The recent decades have witnessed a significant development and implementation of nanotechnology, including in various branches of agriculture. There is an active search for ways to obtain preparations for plant growing with nanoparticles that can be more rapidly involved in the metabolic processes of plants. This article aims to obtain a nanosized silica-humic preparation and its approbation on potato plants. As a source of humic substances, a liquid humic preparation BoGum (developed by the All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands) was used, as a source of silicon – sodium metasilicate. Ultrasonic dispersion method was used for achieving the nanoscale of the samples. A silicon source was introduced in an amount of 0.1% (of SiO2) into BoGum, followed by the application of ultrasonic action for 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes. The analysis of the obtained samples using a 90 Plus/MAS particle size analyzer has shown that with increasing dispersion time, the effective particle diameter changed insignificantly. At the same time, a redistribution of particles was noted: when the samples were exposed for 20 minutes, the number of smaller particles increased. After 5 minutes of treatment, the range of particle distribution was 115±13–830±23 nm, after 20 minutes of exposure, the particle diameter fell into two regions: 81±8–120±10 and 280±4–470±18 nm. Ultrasonic action contributed to the retention of the stable state of aggregation of the obtained preparation, larger microbiological activity and larger content of humic acid in comparison with the silica-humic preparation, obtained without the application of an ultrasound. The new nanosized silica-humic preparation has been tested on potato plants. Treatment of tubers before planting, followed by foliar spraying of vegetative plants, has contributed to an increase in potato yield by 18.7%. Changes were noted in the content of mono- and polysilicic acids in the soil, as well as the accumulation of silicon in the tops of potatoes when using silicahumic preparations by 0.96% of absolute dry mass on average.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MICROFILLERS BASED ON NATURAL WOLLASTONITE ON PROPERTIES OF FINE-GRAINED CONCRETE

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Karpikov ◽  
N. Lukutcova ◽  
G. Soboleva ◽  
S. Golovin ◽  
Yu. Cherenkova
Keyword(s):  
Anionic Surfactant ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Cement Stone ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Ultrasonic Dispersion ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Amorphous Nature ◽  
Type C

The possibility of obtaining effective highly dispersed additives from natural wollastonite is substantiated and their influence on the properties of fine-grained concrete is investigated. On the basis of wollastonite, a complex micro-filler with particle sizes up to 100 microns was developed, obtained by joint grinding with quartz sand in a 3:1 ratio in a ball mill in the presence of an anionic surfactant naphthalene-formaldehyde type C-3 and a calcium stearate hydrophobizer technical C-17. A suspension of wollastonite with a modal particle diameter of 405 nm was obtained by pre-grinding wollastonite and anionic surfactant in a ball mill, with their further ultrasonic treatment in a bath-type activator. Mathematical models of the dependence of compression and bending strength on the content of the initial components are developed. It is established that the complex microfill leads to an increase in the strength of fine-grained concrete in bending by 2 times, in compression by 1.7 times with its content in the composition of fine-grained concrete in the amount of 10% by weight of cement. Wollastonite suspension increases the bending strength of fine-grained concrete to 3.1 MPa, compression to 57.8 MPa. The results of qualitative x-ray phase analysis showed that the total intensity of diffraction maxima of not fully hydrated alite C3S, belite C2S grains and their aggregates in cement stone with wollastonite decreases by 1.5-2 times compared to the control composition. This is most likely due to the amorphous nature of the wollastonite surface after grinding in a ball mill and ultrasonic dispersion in a bath-type activator. In addition, such particles are the centers of crystallization. Their needle-like shape contributes to the reinforcement of the structure by crystallizing new formations of cement stone.

LEADING CULTURE IN THE SYSTEM OF BIOLOGIZATION OF AGRICULTURE

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Biological Factor ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Vladimir Region ◽  
High Feed

We consider the biologization of agriculture as a system for enhancing the role of the biological factor in the reproduction of soil fertility and increasing the productivity of agricultural production. Due to the unique economic and biological features, a very positive component of many parts of this system is lu-pine. Our research during 1996 -2018 on sod-podzolic sandy loamy low fertile soils of the experimental field of VNIIOU and in a number of farms in the Vladimir region on agrobiological evaluation of various varieties of annual lupine from the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine showed that at the present stage of agricultural production development in Non-chernozem zone, which takes place in difficult eco-nomic conditions, it should be considered as the most effective universal culture with high environment-forming properties, feed production and resource-saving potential. Among varieties studied, the varieties of the narrow-leaved lupine Vityaz and Crystal have been shown to be priority. With an average long-term yield of grain of about 25 kg / ha and green mass of 400 kg / ha, they form a powerful root system that penetrates the soil profile to the parent rock, accumulating only in the arable horizon of organic dry mass up to 50 kg / ha, providing a reduction in the decrease in soil humus content, improvement of their physicochemical properties, carbon and mineral nutrition of plants in crop rotation. In addition, lupine forms about 30 kg / ha of straw, which is characterized by a narrower ratio of nitrogen to carbon than cereal straw, it can be used for fertilizer without compensating nitrogen additives. Among annual leg-umes, lupine is a priority nitrogen fixer. With a nitrogen fixation coefficient of 60-70, it accumulates up to 300 kg / ha of symbiotic nitrogen in the biomass; therefore, it is a good sideral crop in rotations and a donor crop in mixed and cover crops. For the same reason, it can be used as a phytomeliorant on soils contaminated with animal waste. Lupine has a high feed value - in seeds it accumulates 35-40% of well-digestible protein, in green mass - up to 20%.

GROWTH, FOOD CONSUMPTION, AND NITROGEN AND LIPID COMPOSITIONS OF THE COLORADO POTATO BEETLE, LEPTINOTARSA DECEMLINEATA, (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE), AS A FUNCTION OF THE NITROGEN SUPPLY OF ITS HOST PLANT

1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Zitzman ◽  
Michael L. May
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Mass Consumption ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Rearing Conditions

Experiments were designed to investigate effects of nitrogen (N) fertilizer supplied to potato plants on growth and food utilization of larval Colorado potato beetles (CPB). Dry mass gain, dry mass consumption, and efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI = dry mass gain/dry mass consumption) were determined for the entire larval stage and nitrogen and lipid compositions for larvae just prior to pupation. Dry mass gain and N composition were measured in both laboratory and greenhouse reared larvae, dry mass consumption and ECI in laboratory reared larvae, and lipid composition in greenhouse reared larvae. Significant linear increases with N supply were found for dry mass gain of greenhouse reared larvae, but not laboratory reared larvae, and for N composition of laboratory reared larvae, but not greenhouse reared larvae. No significant effects were demonstrable for consumption and ECI of laboratory reared larvae, or lipid composition of greenhouse reared larvae. These results suggest that N supply can affect performance of CPB larvae but that the effects vary with small differences in rearing conditions.

Film Morphology and Film-Forming Ability of Supramolecular Compound Self-Assembled with Amino Polysiloxane Emulsion and Carboxyl Polysiloxane Emulsion

2012 ◽  
Vol 503-504 ◽  
pp. 358-362
Author(s):  
Liang Xian Huang ◽  
Qiu Feng An ◽  
Jing Men ◽  
Qian Jin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Control Sample ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Supramolecular Compound ◽  
Film Property ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Fiber Fabric

Using cation amino polysiloxane emulsion(ASE) and anion carboxyl polysiloxane emulsion (CSE) as materials, mixing ASE and CSE together to self-assemble or aggregate by electrostatic interaction, supramolecular compound emulsion (ASE-CSE) was formed. TEM and particle size analyzer observation showed that the particle of ASE-CSE is sphericity, and its particle diameter is bigger than that of mono-composition emulsion and has single-peak distribution. SEM, atomic force microscope (AFM) and other instruments detections indicated that the ASE-CSE possesses good form-film property. The ASE-CSE film on the silicon wafer is very rough. There are many islands or peaks package on the film surface. The average thickness of the film is 12.45nm, and it is about 7.1 times as against ASE. With the ASE-CSE film, the stripes or grooves on the fiber surface is weakened or disappeared. And the surface is smoother than that of the control sample. In addition, the contact angle of the cotton fabric treated by ASE-CSE is 86.5°. This reveals that the ASE-CSE film brings fiber fabric from hydrophile to hydrophobe.

scholarly journals Growth and dry matter partitioning of potato influenced by paclobutrazol applied to seed tuber

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Ferreira de Araújo ◽  
Mirelle Nayana De Sousa Santos ◽  
Nícolas Oliveira de Araújo ◽  
Tania Pires da Silva ◽  
Lucas Cavalcante Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Dry Matter Partitioning ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Sprouted Seeds ◽  
And Control

Under cultivation conditions that favor the growth of plant shoot, the adoption of management practices that reduce the size of potato plants can be an alternative to increase the yield of tubers. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of paclobutrazol on vegetative growth and dry matter partitioning of the potato plant cv. Markies cultivated under summer conditions in the state of Minas Gerais. Treatments were 0.1, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg L-1 of paclobutrazol (PBZ) applied to the sprouted seeds before planting and control with water. PBZ was efficient in reducing plant height. PBZ treatments at doses 10 and 100 mg L-1 delayed the emergence of shoots and the beginning of plant tuberization. PBZ at 0.1 mg L-1 reduced the lengh of the stem by 18%, but did not differ from the control in relation to fresh and dry mass content, total production, specific gravity and starch content of tubers. Treatment of seed potatoes with PBZ a 0.1 mg L-1 resulted in smaller, more compact plants, which could be suitable for more densely planted in order to maximize plant population and increase economic return per unit of area.

scholarly journals Effect of agar concentration in culture medium on in vitro development of potato plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e542974571
Author(s):  
Cinthia Kutz de Matos ◽  
Camila Eduarda Loli Pereira ◽  
Leonardo Balena ◽  
Jackson Kawakami
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Semisolid Medium ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Vitro Development

In vitro propagation and tissue culture technique is an alternative for obtaining healthy potato seeds. However, data found in the literature differ on the optimal consistency of the culture medium to be used in vitro. The aim in this research was to look at the adaptation of potato cultivars to medium with different agar concentrations. The experimental design was entirely randomized in a factorial scheme. The experiment tested the effect of 3 agar medium concentrations (solid, semisolid and liquid) on 6 cultivars (Agata, Bel, Camila, Catucha, Clara and Eliza), with 5 repetitions. We quantified from the plantlets, fresh and dry mass of roots and shoot, the number of nodes, the multiplication capacity and vigor. The study showed that potato cultivars respond significantly to different concentrations of agar and their best response was in the semisolid medium.

Effective Fine Concrete Modified with a Highly Dispersed Wollastonite-Based Additive

2021 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 422-427
Author(s):  
E.G. Karpikov ◽  
N.P. Lukuttsova ◽  
T.P. Blagoder ◽  
E.A. Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Ultrasonic Dispersion ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Highly Dispersed ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Portland Slag Cement ◽  
Polycarboxylate Ether

An effective highly dispersed additive based on the wollastonite Miwoll 05-97 with an average particle diameter of 6.5 microns is obtained. A stable effect of interacting the additive components with Portland slag cement CEM II/A–Ш 42.5H is revealed; it results in improving the strength of fine-grained concrete produced with the raw materials mentioned above. It is established that using water suspension of wollastonite solid particles, highly water-reducing/superplasticizing modifier based on the polycarboxylate ether Master Glenium 430, as a stabilizer of the surface-active substance allows producing an additive with an evener distribution of solid particles in the liquid, and with stable functional properties. A highly dispersed wollastonite-based additive, obtained by ultrasonic dispersion for 10 minutes in the bath-type activator at the frequency of 35 kHz in the aquatic environment with a suspension stabilizer, enables producing the wollastonite-modified fine concrete with a compressive strength of more than 50 MPa, with the 10% additive being 2 times higher than that of the control.

New eastern goat’s rue farm ecosystems for hay production

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Д.А. Вагунин ◽  
Н.Н. Иванова ◽  
Н.Н. Амбросимова ◽  
Н.А. Епифанова ◽  
О.Н. Анциферова
Keyword(s):  
Dry Mass ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Reed Canary Grass ◽  
Component Mixture ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Smooth Brome ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Canary Grass ◽  
Russian Research

В условиях осушаемых земель гумидной зоны исследованы сенокосные агрофитоценозы на основе козлятника восточного. Эксперименты проводились в 2014–2019 годах на полигоне ВНИИМЗ — филиала ФИЦ «Почвенный институт им. В. В. Докучаева» (Тверская область). Объектом исследований были многолетние травы при сенокосном использовании: козлятник восточный (сорта Гале, Юбиляр, Кривич), кострец безостый (сорт Вегур), двукисточник тростниковый (сорт Урал), тимофеевка луговая (сорт ВИК 9). Исследования проводились как в травосмесях, так и в одновидовых посевах. Установлено, что козлятник восточный в одновидовых посевах более продуктивен, чем в смешанных агрофитоценозах. Посевы козлятника восточного сорта Кривич на мелиорированных землях в среднем за 5 лет исследований обеспечили наибольшую продуктивность. Травосмесь козлятника восточного с тимофеевкой луговой, кострецом безостым и двукисточником тростниковым формировала урожайность сухой массы на уровне 6,2–8,0 т/га. Одновидовые посевы козлятника восточного всех изученных сортов формировали продуктивность сухой массы до 11,7 т/га. Продуктивность козлятника восточного была наибольшей на глееватой почве. При двуукосном использовании у одновидовых посевов козлятника восточного сорта Юбиляр на глубокооглееной почве, по сравнению с контрольным вариантом, продуктивность была выше на 19%. Менее продуктивными были посевы трёхкомпонентной злаковой смеси на глубокооглееной почве — 4,7 т/га. Установлено, что при посеве смеси козлятника восточного с кострецом безостым, тимофеевкой луговой и двукисточником тростниковым повышалась продуктивность травостоя и улучшалось качество корма. В смеси со злаками четырёхкомпонентные агроценозы были менее засорены несеяными видами трав. Наименьшая доля сорной растительности в бобово-злаковых травостоях на основе козлятника восточного отмечалась в смешанных посевах с участием сорта Юбиляр. Козлятник восточный показал высокую облиственность, которая составила 51,5–56,9%, что способствовало повышению качества кормов сенокосных травостоев. Ключевые слова: козлятник восточный, кострец безостый, тимофеевка луговая, двукисточник тростниковый, глубокооглеенная, глеевая почва, травостой, продуктивность, сенокос. Eastern goat’s rue ecosystems were analyzed on drainage lands of humid zone for hay production. The experiment was carried out at the All-Russian Research Institute of Meliorated Lands — branch of the Federal Research Center “Institute of Soil n. a. V. V. Dokuchaev” in 2014–2019. Perennial grasses performed as the objects of this study: eastern goat’s rue (“Gale”, “Yubilyar”, “Krivich”), smooth brome (“Vegur”), reed canary grass (“Ural”), common timothy (“VIK 9”). Both monocultures and mixtures were tested. Eastern goat’s rue performed better as monoculture. “Krivich” showed the highest productivity. The mixture of eastern goat’s rue, common timothy, and reed canary grass provided 6.2–8.0 t ha-1 of dry mass. Eastern goat’s rue monoculture produced up to 11.7 t ha-1. Eastern goat’s rue had higher productivity on gleyic soil. “Yubilyar” showed yield increase of 19% on gleyic soil under two cuts. Three-component mixture of gramineous had lower yield — 4.7 t ha-1. Seeding eastern goat’s rue with smooth brome, common timothy, and reed canary grass improved sward productivity and feed quality. Four-component ecosystems containing gramineous were less contaminated by weeds. Mixtures of “Yubilyar” had the minimum contamination. Eastern goat’s rue showed high leaf coverage of 51.5–56.9%, positively affecting forage quality.

Minimum Particle Diameter of the Sulfur-Doped Nano-TiO2 Transparent Hydrosol at Room Temperature

2014 ◽  
Vol 587-589 ◽  
pp. 788-791
Author(s):  
Ling Li ◽  
Hua Yan Zhang ◽  
Xiao Wei Li ◽  
Zi Hao Xu ◽  
Sen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Hydrolysis Method ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer

Sulfur-doped nanoTiO2transparent hydrosol with an average particle size of 3.8 nm was synthesized by a novel complexation-controlled hydrolysis method at room temperature and atmospheric pressure by using TiCl4, thiourea, organic carboxylic acid, NH3H2O, D-sorbitol etc. as raw materials. The composition, phase structure, particle size, absorbance spectrum, and photocatalytic performance of samples were characterized by XRD, nanolaser particle size analyzer, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. In addition, the influence of reaction conditions in the synthesis process was also studied. The results indicate that when nanoparticle doped with 0.5% S, and the reflux time was 15 min, the photocatalytic performance of sulfur-doped TiO2hydrosol was best.

Synthesis and Properties of Poly-Acrylate Emulsion Modified by Organ Silicone

2011 ◽  
Vol 314-316 ◽  
pp. 82-85
Author(s):  
Yu Xin Liu ◽  
Yao Hui Lv ◽  
Shu Zhang ◽  
Fu Jia Xu ◽  
Bin Shi Xu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trade Name ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Acrylate Emulsion ◽  
Emulsion Film ◽  
Scanning Electron

An acrylate emulsion was modified by vinyltriethoxy silane (VTES, trade name A-151) to synthesize the acrylosilane emulsion with high properties. The effect of the amount of A-151 on the properties pf the emulsion was investigated. It found that adding 6 % of A-151, the fraction extensibility of the emulsion film could be increased to 530 % and its water absorption was reduced to 4.2 % while adding 10 % of A-151. On the other side, the particle size and distribution of the emulsion were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Malvern Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) respectively. The measuring results showed that the particle diameter of the modified emulsion could be between 100 and 700 nanometers, and the properties of the emulsion could be apparently improved by adding A-151 into the system of emulsion polymerization.

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