scholarly journals Contamination of the Dzheltulak-1 river basin under alluvial gold mining (the Amur region)

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-484
Author(s):  
V. I. Radomskaya ◽  
S. M. Radomskiy ◽  
A. S. Segrenev ◽  
S. Y. Kulik
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Amur Region ◽  
Mercury Contamination ◽  
Free Form ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Copper Aluminum

The purpose of the introduced research is to study the environmental impact of placer gold mining. The object of the study is natural and natural-man-made geosystems of the Dzheltulak-1 river located in the Amur region. The content of the main cations and microelements in water samples was determined by atomic emission and mass spectral methods. The content of micro- and rock-forming elements in bottom sediments and soils was determined by X-ray fluorescence using XRF-1800 X-ray spectrometer (Shimadzu, Japan). The results of the conducted studies indicate that the contents of iron, manganese, copper, aluminum, vanadium, molybdenum, mercury and ammonium ions exceed commercial fishery standards in a significant part of the surface water samples. It is found out that settlement ponds negatively affect the water quality in the river Dzheltulak-1 downstream due to the dam drainage. The highest concentrations of dissolved forms of mercury were noted in the water of the settlement ponds. The gross content of arsenic in the samples of bottom sediments and soils exceeds sanitary and hygienic standards by 2.7–14.5 times. The distributions of mercury as the most dangerous pollutant among the biogenic components of geochemical landscape were worked out in detail. Mercury contamination of soils was classified according to the forms of mercury occurrence: free, physically sorbed, chemisorbed, sulfide and isomorphic. It has been shown that the free form is characteristic of fresh mercury contamination due to the use of prohibited technological schemes for gold-bearing sands separation by the amalgamation method.

scholarly journals Predictive Assessment of Toxicants Migration from Technogenic Gold-Mining Wastes (Case Study of the Tailings Management Facility of Tokur Mill,  Amur Region, Russia)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Ivanovna Radomskaya ◽  
Lyudmila Mikhailovna Pavlova ◽  
Lyudmila Pavlovna Shumilova ◽  
Elena Nikolaevna Voropaeva ◽  
Nina Aleksandrovna Osipova
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mining ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Amur Region ◽  
Migration Ability ◽  
Geochemical Composition ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Tailings Management ◽  
Predictive Assessment ◽  
Neutralizing Potential

Abstract The results of the toxic elements behavior predicting in gold mining technogenic waste during their draining with seasonal precipitation (case study of the tailings management facility of Tokur Mill, Amur Region, Russia) present in this article. The predictive assessment was made on characteristics basis of the tailings management facility material: the geochemical composition, migration ability of elements in model experiments using atomic emission and mass spectral methods, calculation of acid-producing and acid-neutralizing potentials. The substance of the tailing management facility has a high acid-neutralizing potential due to the carbonates in it, which contributes to the neutral and slightly alkaline drainage flows formation. Under these conditions, the migration of Cd, Bi, Pb, Sr, Co, Cu, Ni, Zn, Sb risk is low, and water migration of oxygen-containing As risk anions is very high, since the share of its mobile compounds in the tailings management facility material is 90-92%.

ANALYSIS OF ACCUMULATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF LEAD IN THE SYSTEM WATER-BOTTOM SEDIMENTS IN THE BACH DANG ESTUARY (VIETNAM)

2017 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Truong Van Tuan ◽  
Irina Vladimirovna Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Bottom Layer ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Natural Breeding ◽  
System Water ◽  
Water Bottom

Research was held in the estuary of the river Bach Dang (Dongbay community, Rakhtay district, Hai Phong, Vietnam) in June, 2012 - May, 2013. Concentration of lead was studied in water, suspended solids and bottom sediment. Clam beach (natural breeding environment of Meretrix lyrata ) was inspected regularly, every month. Water samples were taken 6 times from the bottom layer 10 cm down the bottom, once per 3 hours in each of 12 investigated zones. Bottom sediment samples were taken at the depth 2 cm. The findings show that lead accumulates mainly in suspended solids (23.3 mg/kg) and in bottom sediment (14.31 mg/kg), in water it is in small quantities (0.003 mg/kg). Analysis of bottom sediment samples taken in different places showed that they have even leadcontent, lead is distributed uniformly, localization of contaminations is not found. The results obtained can be assumed as the basis for investigating lead accumulation and its excretion by clam Meretrix lyrata organisms in the natural habitat.

scholarly journals Distribution and Mode of Occurrence of Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Ag, Cd, Sb, Pb in the Feed Coal, Fly Ash, Slag, in the Topsoil and in the Roots of Trees and Undergrowth Downwind of Three Power Stations in Poland

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Henryk R. Parzentny ◽  
Leokadia Róg
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Mode Of Occurrence ◽  
Feed Coal

It is supposed that the determination of the content and the mode of occurrence of ecotoxic elements (EE) in feed coal play the most significant role in forecasting distribution of EE in the soil and plants in the vicinity of power stations. Hence, the aim of the work was to analyze the properties of the feed coal, the combustion residues, and the topsoil which are reached by EE together with dust from power stations. The mineral and organic phases, which are the main hosts of EE, were identified by microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and scanning electron microscope with an energy dispersive X-ray methods. The highest content of elements was observed in the Oi and Oe subhorizons of the topsoil. Their hosts are various types of microspheres and char, emitted by power stations. In the areas of long-term industrial activity, there are also sharp-edged grains of magnetite emitted in the past by zinc, lead, and ironworks. The enrichment of the topsoil with these elements resulted in the increase in the content of EE, by between 0.2 times for Co; and 41.0 times for Cd in the roots of Scots pine, common oak and undergrowth, especially in the rhizodermis and the primary cortex and, more seldom, in the axle roller and cortex cells.

scholarly journals Arsenoplatin-Ferritin Nanocage: Structure and Cytotoxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1874
Author(s):  
Giarita Ferraro ◽  
Alessandro Pratesi ◽  
Damiano Cirri ◽  
Paola Imbimbo ◽  
Daria Maria Monti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Plasma Atomic Emission ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled

Arsenoplatin-1 (AP-1), the prototype of a novel class of metallodrugs containing a PtAs(OH)2 core, was encapsulated within the apoferritin (AFt) nanocage. UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy measurements confirmed metallodrug encapsulation and allowed us to determine the average amount of AP-1 trapped inside the cage. The X-ray structure of AP-1-encapsulated AFt was solved at 1.50 Å. Diffraction data revealed that an AP-1 fragment coordinates the side chain of a His residue. The biological activity of AP-1-loaded AFt was comparatively tested on a few representative cancer and non-cancer cell lines. Even though the presence of the cage reduces the overall cytotoxicity of AP-1, it improves its selectivity towards cancer cells.

scholarly journals Dissimilatory Iron-Reducing Microorganisms Are Present and Active in the Sediments of the Doce River and Tributaries Impacted by Iron Mine Tailings from the Collapsed Fundão Dam (Mariana, MG, Brazil)

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Carolina N. Keim ◽  
Jilder D. P. Serna ◽  
Daniel Acosta-Avalos ◽  
Reiner Neumann ◽  
Alex S. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ferric Oxyhydroxide ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Iron Mine ◽  
Organic Matter Oxidation ◽  
Doce River

On 5 November 2015, a large tailing deposit failed in Brazil, releasing an estimated 32.6 to 62 million m3 of iron mining tailings into the environment. Tailings from the Fundão Dam flowed down through the Gualaxo do Norte and Carmo riverbeds and floodplains and reached the Doce River. Since then, bottom sediments have become enriched in Fe(III) oxyhydroxides. Dissimilatory iron-reducing microorganisms (DIRMs) are anaerobes able to couple organic matter oxidation to Fe(III) reduction, producing CO2 and Fe(II), which can precipitate as magnetite (FeO·Fe2O3) and other Fe(II) minerals. In this work, we investigated the presence of DIRMs in affected and non-affected bottom sediments of the Gualaxo do Norte and Doce Rivers. The increase in Fe(II) concentrations in culture media over time indicated the presence of Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms in all sediments tested, which could reduce Fe(III) from both tailings and amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide. Half of our enrichment cultures converted amorphous Fe(III) oxyhydroxide into magnetite, which was characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and magnetic measurements. The conversion of solid Fe(III) phases to soluble Fe(II) and/or magnetite is characteristic of DIRM cultures. The presence of DIRMs in the sediments of the Doce River and tributaries points to the possibility of reductive dissolution of goethite (α-FeOOH) and/or hematite (α-Fe2O3) from sediments, along with the consumption of organics, release of trace elements, and impairment of water quality.

The Characteristic Evaluation of Hydroxyapatite Powders Synthesized from CaCO3 Refined from Oyster Shell and H3PO4

2006 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 639-644
Author(s):  
Hye Sung Kim ◽  
Su Chak Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Oyster Shell ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Ft Ir

Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAp) powders is synthesized using the mixed powders of CaCO3 refined from oyster shells and phosphoric acid (H3PO4-98%, Daejung) as starting materials. The characteristic evaluation and chemical analysis of the synthesized powders is performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transformed infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR), and inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICPAES). XRD analysis of synthetic powder by heat treatment at 1300°C for 2hrs shows only HAp peaks corresponding to stoichiometric HAp. It is confirmed by ICP-AES test that impurities such as Zn, In, Ti, Ba, Cd, Pb, and Mn, is not detected at all, but small amounts of Ti and Be is observed (0.099ppm Ti and 0.002ppm Ba). Variation of bone density is measured by giving medication of HAp powder with drinking water into human body continuously for three month. After the medication, the bone density is higher than the medication before. This means that HAp powder made from this process can be used as improver of bone density.

Mercury contamination in fish from gold mining areas in Indonesia and human health risk assessment

2006 ◽  
Vol 368 (1) ◽  
pp. 320-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuleica C. Castilhos ◽  
Saulo Rodrigues-Filho ◽  
Ana Paula C. Rodrigues ◽  
Roberto C. Villas-Bôas ◽  
Shefa Siegel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Human Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Mercury Contamination ◽  
Mining Areas

ANALYSIS OF SOLDERS ON TIN AND LEAD BASES BY X-RAY FLOORESCENT SPECTROSCOPY

2021 ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
A.V. Alekseev ◽  
◽  
G.V. Orlov ◽  
P.S. Petrov ◽  
A.V. Slavin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Analytical Signal ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Standard Samples ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fundamental Parameters ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Resolution Mass

The determination of the elements Cu, Ni, Sb, Bi, Pb, Zn and Fe in the tin-based solder VPr35, as well as the elements Sn, Ni, Sb, Bi and In in the lead-based VPr40 solder by the method of х-ray fluorescence spectroscopy has been carried out. The calibration dependences are corrected taking into account the superposition of signals from interfering elements on the analytical signal and changes in intensity caused by inter-element influences in the matrix. The analysis was carried out by the method of fundamental parameters without using standard samples. The correctness of the results obtained was confirmed by their comparative analysis by atomic emission spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry with a glow discharge.

Some features of the analysis of water, soil and ground in mass spectrometers with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-MS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
T. K. Nurubeyli ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Element ◽  
Space Charge ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Space Charge Density ◽  
Mass Spectrometers ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms

The paper discusses the possibilities and limitations of the method of mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma on the example of elemental analysis of natural and drinking waters, soils and grounds. It is shown that the combination of this method with the simpler atomic emission method makes it possible to expand the range of determined elements, simplify the mass-spectral analysis and increase its reliability. It is shown that the use of the ICP-MS method in the analysis of various objects makes it possible to determine the majority of elements with extremely low detection limits. The reason for the manifestation of matrix effects is the positive space charge formed between the interface and the extractor, the composition of which is determined by the composition of singly charged argon ions. The increase in the concentration of ions in this region is the appearance of a matrix element, which facilitates the scattering of ions from this region. It was found that the heavier the ions of the matrix element, the more the space charge density increases and the scattering occurs. A serious limitation of the method is associated with interferences due to the presence of a certain amount of two and three-charged ions in the plasma. These ions, which have approximately the same mass as the isotopes of the element being determined, are formed as a result of various plasma-chemical reactions and interfere with the determination.

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