scholarly journals On the formation of the center of tuberculosis infection in general medical units

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
O. V. Repinа ◽  
A. A. Golubkovа ◽  
V. A. Podgаevа
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Medical File ◽  
Tuberculosis Case ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Therapy Department

The objective of the study: to analyze the frequency of admission of tuberculosis patients to general medical units, to describe medical and social parameters of patients – sources of tuberculous mycobacteria which form a nosocomial center of tuberculosis infection.Subjects and methods. The following sources of information were used: Reporting Form no. 8 on Active Cases of Tuberculosis, data from the Annual Reporting Form on Analysis of Infectious Diseases Carrying drawn up by City Center for Medical Prevention in Yekaterinburg, Register of Infectious Diseases (Form no. 060/y), and 74 documents of Medical File of the Patient Receiving In-Patient Treatment (Form no. 003/y) for tuberculosis patients admitted to a therapy department of the city hospital.Results. Despite the decreasing tuberculosis incidence among Yekaterinburg residents, there was no significant decrease in the frequency of hospital admissions of patients with this disease to general medical units. Of all tuberculosis patients admitted to general medical units, 40.0 ± 2.7% were admitted to therapy departments. Duration of stay in a therapy department of tuberculosis patients excreting tuberculous mycobacteria made more than 7 days for 70% of such cases before they were discharged. The destruction phase was diagnosed in 56.8 ± 5.8%, 13.5 ± 4.0% had massive bacterial excretion documented by sputum microscopy. The frequency of TB/HIV co-infection made 43.2 ± 5.8%.Conclusion. In a therapy department, there is a high risk of getting infected with tuberculosis infection among patients and personnel who are exposed to a tuberculosis case.

HUBUNGAN JENIS PERSALINAN DENGAN STATUS KESEHATAN BAYI BARU LAHIR DI KOTA BUKITTINGGI

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Nurhayati Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Meconium Aspiration ◽  
Respiratory Conditions

<p><em>Every woman wants her labor to run smoothly and can give birth to a baby perfectly. Childbirth can run normally, but it is not uncommon for labor to experience obstacles and must be done through surgery. This means the fetus and mother are in an emergency and can only be saved if labor is performed by surgery. The purpose of this study is to find out the related to the health status of newborn babies at delivery in the City of Bukittinggi.</em></p><p><em>Type of analytic survey research with design cross-sectional</em><em>.</em><em>The object of the study was a newborn baby with Caesarean section and normal delivery at Bukittinggi City Hospital. The test used is thetest Chi-Square with a 95% confidence level.</em></p><p><em>The results showed that as many as 65 people (54.2%) had the incidence of asphyxia. 65 people (54.2%) had normal respiratory conditions, 62 people (51.7%) had meconium aspiration</em><em>.</em><em>63 people (52.5%) had trauma to an abnormal baby</em><em>.</em><em>64 people (53.3%) had infectious diseases. 70 people (58.3%) had IMD.</em><em>72 people (60%) have joined care. 60 people (50%) with type of labor SC. Statistical tests showed that there was a relationship between apgar score (p = 0.003), respiratory conditions (p = 0.010), meconium aspiration (p = 0.0005), trauma in infants (p = 0.0005), joint care (p = 0.002 ) and IMD (p = 0.0005) for the type of labor. While infectious diseases do not have a relationship to the type of labor (p = 0.583).</em></p><p><em>It was concluded that there was a relationship between apgar score, respiratory condition, meconium aspiration, admission and IMD with different types of delivery. Expected to health workers especially midwives can be used as input in order to improve health status in newborns.</em></p>

Physical Development and Medical History of Children Who Were Treated Antenatally With Corticosteroids to Prevent Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A 10- to 12-Year Follow-up

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Smolders-de Haas ◽  
J. Neuvel ◽  
B. Schmand ◽  
p. E. Treffers ◽  
J. G. Koppe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
History Of

Potential side effects of antenatal administration of corticosteroids to prevent neonatal respiratory distress syndrome were studied in 10- to 12-year-old children whose mothers had participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of betamethasone. The children had a general physical examination; parents were interviewed about the medical history of their child with special attention to infectious diseases; growth data were collected; and a developmental neurological examination, an ophthalmological examination, and a lung function test were conducted. In the corticosteroid group significantly more hospital admissions because of infectious diseases during the first years of life were reported. On the other variables no differences between the corticoid and the placebo groups were found.

scholarly journals Analysis of Covid-19 Hospital Admissions in Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. E202141
Author(s):  
Oryna Detsyk ◽  
Natalia Fedorkiv ◽  
Olha Burak ◽  
Roksolana Kaluzhna
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Admission Data ◽  
Elderly Males ◽  
Primary Determinant ◽  
Time Frames

The Covid-19 pandemic has a substantial impact on socioeconomic, political, demographic, and other aspects of life. Effective healthcare is, however, a primary determinant of successful fighting against Covid-19. The analysis of local healthcare indicators serves as a source for estimating pandemic magnitude and the adaptation of healthcare at a national level. In this study, the rates of Covid-19 hospital admissions to the Ivano-Frankivsk City Hospital, Ukraine, from April 2020 to May 2021 were analysed. All cases were grouped by age, sex, and the type of admission; data were analyzed monthly and seasonally. The peaks of hospital admissions were observed in November 2020 and March 2021; however, the highest mortality rates were seen from August to November 2020. The analysis of age- and sex-disaggregated Covid-19 mortality data showed the predominance of elderly males (61.9%, 66.6 ± 3.9 years) over females (38.1%, 71.8 ± 2.3 years). The ratio of hospital admissions was unstable: the percentage of emergency, GP-referred and self-referred admissions was similar from April to May 2020; however, GP-referred admissions prevailed, and the number of self-referral patients decreased twice between March and May 2021. In conclusions, the trends in hospital admissions were similar to those reported in other studies. However, the differences in time frames and socio-demographic characteristics were observed that highlights the importance of considering regional, social and geographic aspects of the population when improving the capacity of healthcare system and establishing effective preventive measures against the pandemic at the local level.

scholarly journals Biphasic pattern in the effect of severe measles infection; the difference between additive and multiplicative scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nhat Thanh Hoang Le ◽  
Nhan Thi Ho ◽  
Bryan Grenfell ◽  
Stephen Baker ◽  
Ronald B. Geskus
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Measles Virus ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Admission Rate ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Additive Scale

Abstract Background Infection with measles virus (MeV) causes immunosuppression and increased susceptibility to other infectious diseases. Only few studies reported a duration of immunosuppression, with varying results. We investigated the effect of immunosuppression on the incidence of hospital admissions for infectious diseases in Vietnamese children. Methods We used retrospective data (2005 to 2015; N = 4419) from the two pediatric hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. We compared the age-specific incidence of hospital admission for infectious diseases before and after hospitalization for measles. We fitted a Poisson regression model that included gender, current age, and time since measles to obtain a multiplicative effect measure. Estimates were transformed to the additive scale. Results We observed two phases in the incidence of hospital admission after measles. The first phase started with a fourfold increased rate of admissions during the first month after measles, dropping to a level quite comparable to children of the same age before measles. In the second phase, lasting until at least 6 years after measles, the admission rate decreased further, with values up to 20 times lower than in children of the same age before measles. However, on the additive scale the effect size in the second phase was much smaller than in the first phase. Conclusion The first phase highlights the public health benefits of measles vaccination by preventing measles and immune amnesia. The beneficial second phase is interesting, but its strength strongly depends on the scale. It suggests a complicated interaction between MeV infection and the host immunity.

scholarly journals Risk factors for tuberculosis in contact investigations in Rotterdam, the Netherlands

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Eduard Verdier ◽  
Sake Jan De Vlas ◽  
Inge D. Kidgell-Koppelaar ◽  
Jan Hendrik Richardus
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Index Patient ◽  
Active Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Case ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
The Public ◽  
Contact Investigations

Contact investigations around tuberculosis patients enable early detection of infection and disease, and prevention of secondary tuberculosis cases. We aim to identify risk factors for <em>M. tuberculosis </em>transmission to contacts of tuberculosis patients, based on unique data from routine contact investigations by the Public Health Service in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, collected between 2001 and 2006. Through logistic regression analysis, we determined the effect of various risk factors on the chance of finding a latent tuberculosis (TB) infection or overt tuberculosis case among contacts. A total of 1165 index patients with active tuberculosis were registered and at least one contact was investigated in 731, resulting in 21,540 contacts overall. Altogether, the contact investigations led to 91 cases of active tuberculosis. Of the 12,698 contacts eligible for screening by tuberculin skin test, 1091 (9%) were diagnosed with latent tuberculosis infections. Risk factors were old age of the contact, old age of the index patient, and the relationship to the index. A larger fraction of infected close contacts was strongly associated with infections among more distant contacts. Our findings emphasize the importance of including these personal and interpersonal risk factors in decision making in contact investigations.

scholarly journals Hospital admissions for hyperglycemic emergencies in young adults at an inner-city hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 107869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel A Wolf ◽  
J. Sonya Haw ◽  
Sudeshna Paul ◽  
Melissa Spezia Faulkner ◽  
EunSeok Cha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
City Hospital

Internet Disruptions in the Doctor–Patient Relationship

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-525
Author(s):  
Ian R Freckelton
Keyword(s):  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Doctor Patient Relationship ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Injunctive Relief ◽  
Legal Duty

Abstract The ubiquitous access by patients to online information about health issues is disrupting the traditional doctor–patient relationship in fundamental ways. The knowledge imbalance has shifted and the last nails are being hammered into the coffin of medical paternalism. Ready access to Dr Google has many positive aspects but the risk of undiscerning acceptance by patients of unscientific, out-of-date or biased information for their decision-making remains. In turn this may feed into the content of the legal duty of care for doctors and contribute to a need for them to inquire sensitively into the sources of information that may be generating surprising or apparently illogical patient treatment choices. In addition, patients, those related to patients, and others have the potential to publish on the Internet incorrect and harmful information about doctors. A number of influential decisions by courts have now established the legitimacy of medical practitioners taking legal proceedings for defamation and injunctive relief to stop vituperative and vindictive online publications that are harming them personally, reputationally and commercially. Furthermore, disciplinary accountability has been imposed on doctors for intemperate, disrespectful online postings. All of these factors are contributing to a disruptive recalibration of the dynamics between doctors and their patients.

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