scholarly journals Music intervention affects the quality of life on Alzheimer’s disease: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingyan Zuo ◽  
Fengting Zhu ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Hongyan Shuai ◽  
Xin Yu
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Music Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Review Question ◽  
Intervention Modality ◽  
The Impact

Review question / Objective: Inclusion criteria: population: 1) A randomized controlled study on the impact of music intervention on the QOL of patients with AD; 2) The participants in this study is patients with AD; 3) There is no significant difference among age, gender and education background in sorted groups before analysis which make these groups comparable; intervention: 1)Intervention Modality Music-based intervention; comparison: 1) All data were sorted into two groups: the music intervention group and the control group without any music intervention; outcome: 1) The indicators evaluated in the literature included the score of QOL-AD or WHOQOL-BERF scale, at least one of the two scales summarized in selected publications; language: 1) Only articles published in English and Chinese were considered. Exclusion criteria: 1) The participants were not diagnosed with AD; 2) Non-musical intervention;3) Non-RCTs; 4) No specific values for outcome variables; 5) Articles lacking original data; 6) Repeat published reports; 7) Full text could not be obtained.

scholarly journals Effects of Music Intervention during Cesarean Section on the Level of the Mother’s Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jule Eriç Horasanlı ◽  
NUR DEMIRBAS
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Anxiety Score ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Music Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anxiety Levels

Background: Anxiety is commonly experienced during the delivery process and has been shown to have adverse effects on maternal and infant health outcomes. Music interventions tend to mitigate the effects of anxiety in a variety of populations, are low-cost and easily accessible, and have high acceptability. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of music intervention on expectant mothers’ vital signs and anxiety levels during cesarean section. Methods: This study is a single-center, controlled, randomized study. The women in the intervention group listened to music via earpieces during the operation. The control group received standard treatment without music. Cesarean section was performed under regional anesthesia. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was administered to the patients before and after the operation. Results: There was no significant difference between the pre- and postoperative systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, or O2 saturation parameters of the music group and the control group (p>0.05). The pre-operative STAI anxiety score was similar in the music (45.58±4.60) and control (43.82±4.33) groups (p=0.183). After the operation, the anxiety score of the music group (35.88±5.39) was found to be statistically significantly lower than the anxiety score of the control group (42.14±3.75) (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study supports the hypothesis that slow, rhythmic Sufi music during cesarean section can reduce patients’ anxiety. It is possible to distract the patient from negative thoughts and reduce stress. The results show that patients who listened to music during surgery had significantly lower anxiety levels than patients who did not listen to music.

A smartphone coaching program (“Bouge Grossesse”) improves daily physical activity in pregnant women (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu MULLER ◽  
Pandora JAMES ◽  
Philippe MERVIEL ◽  
Alain SARAUX ◽  
Yannick GUILLODO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Physical activity has been shown to reduce obstetrical risks however pregnant women reduce their physical activity and sedentary behaviors increase. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to evaluate the impact of a smartphone application developed to increase daily physical activity in pregnant women. METHODS We enrolled 250 pregnant women in a prospective randomized controlled study. These women were instructed to download either an intervention application called «Bouge Grossesse» (coaching program and a pedometer; n=125) or a Placebo application (pedometer only; n=125). Primary outcome was defined as a daily increase of 2000 steps/day between day 1 and day 90 or 10 000 steps/week between week 1 and week 12. Data was analyzed with intention to treat. Secondary outcomes were the number of steps at week 12 and the evolution of quality of life measured by WHO score, EIFEL score and SPIEGEL scale, and on maternal and fetal outcomes. RESULTS Patients were enrolled between August 2017 and February 2019. They were retrospectively registered after September 2018. We found a significant difference in the primary outcome between the two groups in favor of the intervention group (22.4% success vs 3.2% in the control group, P<.001) but only 43 women in the intervention group (34.4%) and 16 women in the placebo group (12.8%) completed the 12-week coaching program. There were no significant differences in the SPIEGEL, EIFEL and WHO scores. The mean number of daily steps at week 12 was significantly higher in the intervention group (6900.0 vs 4371.9, P<.001). CONCLUSIONS The mobile health intervention « Bouge Grossesse » significantly increased physical activity in pregnant women but we observed a high percentage of withdrawals from the 12-week program. CLINICALTRIAL This clinical trial was registered under the number NCT03688087 ClinicalTrials.gov.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the impact of a nutritional program for undernourished children in Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 776-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iná S. Santos ◽  
Denise P. Gigante ◽  
Denise C. Coitinho ◽  
Hinke Haisma ◽  
Neiva C. J. Valle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Multilevel Modelling ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Coverage Rates ◽  
The Impact

To assess the effectiveness on child growth and body composition of a supplementary feeding program (Milk Supplement Program), a prospective, controlled study was conducted in Northeast Brazil. When entering the Program, children from 10 municipalities with the highest coverage rates in the Program (intervention group) were compared to non-beneficiary children from 10 municipalities with the lowest coverage rates (control group). A total of 219 children aged 6-18 months were enrolled. At entry, both groups were comparable in terms of age, sex, and nutritional status. There were frequent gaps in delivery of the supplement, no extra milk was provided to siblings less than 5 years of age, intra-household redistribution of milk was high, and maternal compliance with recommendations was low. Adjusted analyses by multilevel modelling showed average changes in weight, length, weight-age and length-age Z-scores, and % body water (deuterium method), at 6 months, of 1.53kg, 6.34cm, 0.33, 0.05, and 1.11% respectively among supplemented children as compared to 1.54kg, 6.5cm, 0.26, 0.07, and 4.10% among controls, with no statistically significant difference between groups. Thus, the Program failed to compensate for nutritional deficiencies in undernourished children in Northeast Brazil.

TERAPI MUSIK DAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN PASIEN PREOPERASI

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Wenny Savitri ◽  
Nani Fidayanti ◽  
Paulus Subiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
T Test ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Preoperative Anxiety ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Music Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anxiety Levels

Background: Surgery is one of medical interventions which can cause fear, anxiety, and stressed because of its effects toward the integrity of body and soul. Nurses have significant roles in any preoperative care which is helping patients to decrease preoperative anxiety by using complementary therapy. The use of music therapy as one of the complementary therapies is not common in Indonesia. Therefore, scientific studies to prove the role of this therapy to decrease the level of anxiety of pre-operative patients is needed. Objective: To investigate the effects of music therapy in reducing anxiety levels of preoperative patients. Methods: A quasy experimental study with pre-test and post-test design with control group was applied to 50 respondents from medical ward in Panembahan Senopati Hospital of Yogyakarta who met the inclusion criteria.Dara were then analyzed by using t-test statistical analysis. Results: The control group showed the increased value of anxiety level of0.8 without music intervention (t= - 1503, df = 24, p<.05), whereas the intervention group showed the decreased value of anxiety level of -5.52 (t=5.081, df=24, p<.05). Meanwhile the independent t-test results for both groups showed a significant difference between group (t= 3,373, df=48, p<.05). Conclusion: Music therapy has significant effect in reducing preoperative anxiety levels of patients. Keywords: anxiety, preoperative, music therapy

Evaluating the effectiveness of interventions to reducing screen time in children: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Duygu Akçay ◽  
Nuray Barış
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of interventions focused on reducing screen time in children. Design/methodology/approach Studies that aim to investigate the effects of interventions aimed at reducing the time spent in front of the screen (i.e. screen time). A Random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled standard mean differences. The outcome was to evaluate the screen time in children in the 0–18 age range. A subgroup analysis was performed to reveal the extent to which the overall effect size varied by subgroups (participant age, duration of intervention and follow). Findings For the outcome, the meta-analysis included 21 studies, and the standard difference in mean change in screen time in the intervention group compared with the control group was −0.16 (95% confidence interval [CI], −0.21 to −0.12) (p < 0.001). The effect size was found to be higher in long-term (=7 months) interventions and follow-ups (p < 0.05). Originality/value Subgroup analysis showed that a significant effect of screen time reduction was observed in studies in which the duration of intervention and follow-up was =7 months. As the evidence base grows, future researchers can contribute to these findings by conducting a more comprehensive analysis of effect modifiers and optimizing interventions to reduce screen time.

scholarly journals Controlled Study of the Impact of a Virtual Program to Reduce Stigma Among University Students Toward People With Mental Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matías E. Rodríguez-Rivas ◽  
Adolfo J. Cangas ◽  
Daniela Fuentes-Olavarría
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
University Students ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Global Score ◽  
Stigma Reduction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Stigma toward mental disorders is one of today's most pressing global issues. The Covid-19 pandemic has exacerbated the barriers to social inclusion faced by individuals with mental disorders. Concurrently, stigma reduction interventions, especially those aimed at university students, have been more difficult to implement given social distancing and campus closures. As a result, alternative delivery for programs contributing to stigma reduction is required, such as online implementation. This paper reports the results of a controlled study focused on an online multi-component program on reducing stigma toward mental illness that included project-based learning, clinical simulations with standardized patients and E-Contact with real patients. A total of 40 undergraduate students from the Universidad del Desarrollo in Santiago, Chile, participated in the study. They were randomly divided between an intervention and control group. The intervention group participated in the online multi-component program, while the control group participated in an online educational program on cardiovascular health. We assessed the impact of the program by using the validated Spanish-language versions of the Attribution Questionnaire AQ-27 and the Questionnaire on Student Attitudes toward Schizophrenia with both groups, before and after the intervention. In addition, an ad hoc Likert scale ranging from 0 to 5 was used with the intervention group in order to assess the learning strategies implemented. Following the intervention, the participants belonging to the intervention group displayed significantly lower levels of stereotypes, perception of dangerousness, and global score toward people with schizophrenia (p &lt; 0.001). In addition, participants presented lower levels of dangerousness-fear, avoidance, coercion, lack of solidarity, and global score (p &lt; 0.001). The control group displayed no statistically significant differences in the level of stigma before and after the evaluation, for all of the items assessed. Finally, the overall assessment of each of the components of the program was highly positive. In conclusion, the study shows that online programs can contribute to reducing stigma toward mental disorders. The program assessed in this study had a positive impact on all the dimensions of stigma and all of the components of the program itself were positively evaluated by the participants.

scholarly journals Impact of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery with Preoperative Whey Protein-Infused Carbohydrate Loading and Postoperative Early Oral Feeding among Surgical Gynecologic Cancer Patients: An Open-Labelled Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho Chiou Yi ◽  
Zuriati Ibrahim ◽  
Zalina Abu Zaid ◽  
Zulfitri ‘Azuan Mat Daud ◽  
Nor Baizura Md. Yusop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whey Protein ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery ◽  
Gynecologic Cancer ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Early Oral Feeding ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) with sole carbohydrate (CHO) loading and postoperative early oral feeding (POEOF) shortened the length of postoperative (PO) hospital stays (LPOHS) without increasing complications. This study aimed to examine the impact of ERAS with preoperative whey protein-infused CHO loading and POEOF among surgical gynecologic cancer (GC) patients. There were 62 subjects in the intervention group (CHO-P), which received preoperative whey protein-infused CHO loading and POEOF; and 56 subjects formed the control group (CO), which was given usual care. The mean age was 49.5 ± 12.2 years (CHO-P) and 51.2 ± 11.9 years (CO). The trial found significant positive results which included shorter LPOHS (78.13 ± 33.05 vs. 99.49 ± 22.54 h); a lower readmission rate within one month PO (6% vs. 16%); lower weight loss (−0.3 ± 2.3 kg vs. −2.1 ± 2.3 kg); a lower C-reactive protein–albumin ratio (0.3 ± 1.2 vs. 1.1 ± 2.6); preserved muscle mass (0.4 ± 1.7 kg vs. −0.7 ± 2.6 kg); and better handgrip strength (0.6 ± 4.3 kg vs. −1.9 ± 4.7 kg) among CHO-P as compared with CO. However, there was no significant difference in mid-upper arm circumference and serum albumin level upon discharge. ERAS with preoperative whey protein-infused CHO loading and POEOF assured better PO outcomes.

scholarly journals Effects of a Meal Replacement on Body Composition and Metabolic Parameters among Subjects with Overweight or Obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Guo ◽  
Yifan Xu ◽  
Hairong He ◽  
Hao Cai ◽  
Jianfen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meal Replacement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Meal replacement plans are effective tools for weight loss and improvement of various clinical characteristics but not sustainable due to the severe energy restriction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of meal replacement, specifically 388 kcal in total energy, on body composition and metabolic parameters in individuals with overweight and obesity from a Chinese population. A parallel, randomized controlled trial was performed with 174 participants (ChiCTR-OOC-17012000). The intervention group (N=86) was provided with a dinner meal replacement, and the control group (N=88) continued their routine diet as before. Body composition and blood parameters were assessed at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. A post hoc analysis (least significant difference (LSD) test), repeated measurements, and pairedT-test were used to compare each variable within and between groups. Significant (p<0.001) improvements in body composition components were observed among the intervention group, including body weight (−4.3 ± 3.3%), body mass index (−4.3 ± 3.3%), waist circumference (−4.3 ± 4.4%), fat-free mass (−1.8 ± 2.9%), and body fat mass (−5.3 ± 8.8%). Body composition improvements corresponded with significant metabolic improvements of blood glucose (−4.7 ± 9.8%). Further improvements in visceral fat area (−7.7 ± 10.1%), accompanying with improvements in systolic (−3.7 ± 6.9%) and diastolic (−5.3 ± 7.7%) blood pressure, were only found in male subjects. To conclude, meal replacement intake with 388 kcal in total energy at dinner time for 12 weeks contributed to improvement in body composition and clinically significant metabolic parameters in both male and female participants with overweight/obesity. Additionally, glucose and blood pressure reduction were gender-specific highlighting the importance of gender stratification for design of nutritional intervention studies for improvement of health.

Corticosteroid as an Adjunct in the Treatment of Endobronchial Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review & Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Nihar R. Mishra ◽  
Manoj K. Panigrahi ◽  
Girish C. Bhatt ◽  
Rashmi R. Das
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Oral Prednisolone ◽  
Oral Steroid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Steroid Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Endobronchial Tuberculosis

Background: Corticosteroid exerts anti-inflammatory action and can prevent tissue damage resulting from various causes. Studies have shown that corticosteroids may prevent the damaging effect of tuberculosis (TB) in various organs, but there is no published meta-analysis specifically looking for the effect of corticosteroid in endobronchial TB. Objective: To synthesize the evidence regarding the usefulness of corticosteroid in endo-bronchial TB. Methods: A comprehensive search was performed of the major electronic databases till 30th November 2018. Randomized trials comparing treatment with corticosteroid as an adjunct to antitubercular drugs (ATT) versus placebo/no treatment in endobronchial TB were included. Three authors independently applied eligibility criteria, assessed the studies for methodological quality, and extracted data. The review is registered at PROSPERO database [CRD42016047063]. Results: Out of 525 search results, 4 trials including 205 patients (151 children) were eligible for inclusion. Oral prednisolone was used in various dose schedules. Rifampicin containing ATT regimen was used in 3 trials. The bronchoscopy findings showed no significant improvement at 1 month (effect size could not be calculated due to 0 event in the intervention group, p = 0.05), 2 months (RR 1.26, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.8), and at completion of ATT (RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.1 to 4.14) in steroid-treated group compared to the control group. The need for repeat bronchoscopy was significantly decreased in the steroid group (RR 0.13, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.9). Among the adverse events, the infection rate was significantly lesser in the steroid group (RR 0.53, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.97); but other adverse events (mortality, hypertension, and abdominal distension) showed no significant difference between the two groups. The GRADE evidence generated was of very low quality. Conclusions: The present meta-analysis showed that oral steroid does not help patients with endobronchial tuberculosis. However, the quality of evidence was very low. Future trials with robust design and a larger sample size would be required to provide any firm recommendation regarding the use of oral prednisolone in endobronchial tuberculosis.

The effect of interactive computer play on balance and functional abilities in children with moderate cerebral palsy: a pilot randomized study

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 704-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamis W Pin ◽  
Penelope B Butler
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Function ◽  
Gross Motor Function Measure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Function Measure

Objectives: To investigate the feasibility and potential efficacy of a six-week interactive computer play training on balance and gross motor function in children with moderate cerebral palsy. Design: A pilot single-blinded matched randomized controlled study. Setting: Community. Participants: In total, 18 children with moderate cerebral palsy were recruited, paired according to age and severity of cerebral palsy and randomized into intervention group or control group. Intervention: The intervention group received additional trunk control training using the interactive computer play in sitting four times per week, 20 minutes per session for six weeks. All study children continued their usual physiotherapy programme. Measurements: All study children were assessed at baseline, week 3, week 6 (completion of intervention) and week 12 using the Pediatric Reach Test, Gross Motor Function Measure–66-Item Set and 2-Minute Walk Test. Results: All intervention children completed and enjoyed the training with no reported adverse event. All children were assessed at all time points. No significant difference was found between the two groups in all assessments. In both groups of children, significant improvements were found in the Gross Motor Function Measure–66-Item Set between week 3 (intervention group: mean 53.41, SD 5.34; control group: mean 52.86, SD 8.33) and week 6 (intervention group: mean 55.00, SD 6.32; control group: mean 54.20, SD 8.35). Conclusion: The intervention protocol of a six-week interactive computer play training was feasible and safe for children with moderate cerebral palsy in special school settings. Future studies with larger sample sizes or using single-subject designs are recommended.

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