Intensive Crop Management Practices on Wheat Yield and Quality

1990 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Mohamed ◽  
J. J. Steiner ◽  
S. D. Wright ◽  
M. S. Bhangoo ◽  
D. E. Millhouse
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Yield And Quality

scholarly journals Are intensification and winter wheat yield increase efficient?

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 428-434
Author(s):  
Křen Jan ◽  
Houšť Martin ◽  
Tvarůžek Ludvík ◽  
Jergl Zdeněk
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Production Factors

The results of small-plot field trials of international comparisons of a series of crop management practices for winter wheat grown during 2014–2016 on fertile soils of Central Moravia were assessed. The objective of the experiments was to obtain the highest gross margin (GM), which is the difference between revenues and direct costs. The analyses showed that an optimal level of inputs and costs for obtaining the highest GM could exist. In the assessed series of crop management practices, the optimum input costs corresponded to 11 000–12 000 CZK/ha and 6–9 input measures. At high levels of grains (above 10 t/ha), higher values of GM were obtained by increased efficiency of inputs, but not by increasing their amount to maximize the yields. This indicates the multifunctional and synergic effects of production factors, which can be used at the so-called ecological intensification. Optimizations of inputs can be obtained rather by crop protection than by crop nutrition, which means rather in protection of high yields than in their maximization. Under field conditions, soil and plant processes affected by weather cannot be controlled. Therefore, optimisation of production factors is based both on scientific findings and practical agronomic experience. That is why a universal crop management practice with increased economic and ecological effects cannot be practically proposed.

scholarly journals LIMITATIONS AND PROSPECTS FOR SUSTAINABLE INCREAYIELD IN TAJIKISTAN SE OF WHEAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Munira Otambekova ◽  
Bahriddin Solihov ◽  
Bahromiddin Husenov ◽  
Hafiz Mumindzhanov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Wheat Production

Wheat is a major crop with a key role for food security in Tajikistan. A clear understanding of the major constraints and opportunities relating to wheat production and sustainability in farmers’ fields is therefore required. Monitoring of pests, diseases and weeds in the wheat fields of different sizes, located in different agricultural zones in Tajikistan and at different altitudes, was conducted during (2003–2016). A questionnaire on wheat production and sustainability, seeking overall information about farms and specific data on crop management practices, was applied. The results showed that the agronomic knowledge of Tajik farmers was generally poor and that wheat yield was low, affecting social, economic, and environmental sustainability. The farms surveyed were generally small, growing winter wheat for human consumption year after year. Seeds were hand-broadcast at the optimal sowing time, without chemical treatments and either wheat or technical crops were used as preceding crops. The low knowledge status of wheat farmers influenced crop performance and were correlated with lack of crop rotation, while the lack of pest management resulted in high levels of weeds and severe insect damage. Wheat production on small farms still relied heavily on manual labor, while larger farms used more machinery. Most of the Tajik wheat varieties and lines screened were found to be susceptible to at least one of the diseases screened for, i.e., stripe rust, leaf rust, and common bunt. Our findings demonstrate a need for concerted action to overcome wheat yield constraints and achieve sustainabшlity in crop production in Tajikistan. Education of farmers appears key to improving social, economic, and environmental sustainability. Use of certified seed of suitable wheat varieties and appropriate crop management practices, including weed control while also taking biodiversity into consideration, are other important measures for increasing wheat yield and improving sustainability

PAPER PRESENTED AT INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON INCREASING WHEAT YIELD POTENTIAL, CIMMYT, OBREGON, MEXICO, 20–24 MARCH 2006 Sustainable improvement of wheat yield potential: the role of crop management

2006 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. RANSOM ◽  
G. J. ENDRES ◽  
B. G. SCHATZ
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
International Workshop ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
Sustainable Improvement

A significant proportion of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield increases achieved at the farm level in the past can be attributed to improved crop management practices. The important role of crop management practices in increasing the yield potential in wheat sustainably is illustrated with recent research findings from North Dakota. In the dryer regions, no-till and crop rotations significantly improve yield and protect the productivity of the soil. Intensifying management in the wetter regions through increased plant populations and by nitrogen timing did not increase yield in 2005 while fungicide applied at flowering for scab control did. In one study genotype interacted with management, with the most disease-tolerant genotypes producing the highest yield when treated with fungicides. Identifying and exploiting positive genotype by management interactions offers a potential avenue for increasing yield potential in wheat in the future. Identifying or developing crop management practices that hold potential for synergistically improving the yield of genotypes is a significant challenge. Imposing management practices that hold promise for improving yield sustainably on breeding material during the selection process has scope for identifying genotypes with greater yield potential at the farm level when these management practices are employed.

Influence of Crop Management Practices on Nutrient Movement Below the Root Zone in Nebraska Soils

1976 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Muir ◽  
J. S. Boyce ◽  
E. C. Seim ◽  
P. N. Mosher ◽  
E. J. Deibert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Crop Management

SUMMARY: PAPERS PRESENTED AT INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON INCREASING WHEAT YIELD POTENTIAL, CIMMYT, OBREGON, MEXICO, 20–24 MARCH 2006 Challenges to international wheat improvement

2007 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. REYNOLDS ◽  
P. R. HOBBS ◽  
H. J. BRAUN
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
International Workshop ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Agronomic Management ◽  
Genetically Improved ◽  
New Generation

Wheat is grown on 210 million ha throughout the world producing approximately 600 million tonnes of grain (10 year average; FAO 2005) and providing on average one fifth of the total calorific input of the world's population (FAO 2003). For some regions such as North Africa, Turkey and Central Asia, wheat provides half of total dietary energy intake. Of the cultivated wheat area, half is located in less developed countries where there have been steady increases in productivity since the green revolution, associated with genetic improvements in yield potential, resistance to diseases and adaptation to abiotic stresses (Reynolds & Borlaug 2006a, b) as well as better agronomic practices (Derpsch 2005). Nonetheless, challenges to wheat production are still considerable, especially in the developing world, not only because of increased demand but also because of the increased scarcity of water resources (Rosegrant 1997; WMO 1997), ever more unpredictable climates (Fischer et al. 2002), increased urbanization and loss of good quality land away from agriculture (Hobbs 2007), and decreased public sector investment in agriculture and rural affairs (Falcon & Naylor 2005). To meet demand in a sustainable way, more resources are required to breed a new generation of genetically improved cultivars as well as implement resource-conserving agronomic management practices.

scholarly journals Agro-Economic Evaluation of Alternative Crop Management Options for Teff Production in Midland Agro-Ecology, Ethiopia

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Fekremariam Asargew Mihretie ◽  
Atsushi Tsunekawa ◽  
Nigussie Haregeweyn ◽  
Enyew Adgo ◽  
Mitsuru Tsubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Weed Population

Teff is an important crop for smallholder farmers in Ethiopia. Improved crop management practices are needed to increase teff productivity and decrease production costs. Here, we used a split–split plot design to evaluate the impacts of different tillage, sowing, and soil compaction practices, and their combinations, on agronomic performance, weed population, lodging, and cost in teff production at the Aba Gerima watershed in northwestern Ethiopia in 2018–2020. Reduced tillage (RT) improved soil moisture, resulting in increased agronomic performance and decreased production costs compared with conventional tillage (CT); however, the weed population was substantially larger with RT than with CT. Row planting (RP) reduced seed cost and lodging but increased sowing and weeding costs compared with broadcast planting (BP). Plant population and leaf area index were substantially greater with BP than with RP during early-stage growth, but this reversed during late-stage growth. Despite labor costs being significantly greater with (WC) compaction than without (NC), little to no differences were observed in the weed population or in agronomic performance. Partial cost–benefit analysis revealed that RT–RP–WC followed by RT–RP–NC was the most economical treatment combination, suggesting that RT–RP–NC could be a labor-effective means of increasing teff production by smallholder farms in Ethiopia.

Impact of reduced light intensity on wheat yield and quality: Implications for agroforestry systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyu Jia ◽  
Meng Xu ◽  
Shuikuan Bei ◽  
Hongzhi Zhang ◽  
Li Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Reduced Light

Tillage and Planting Date Effects on Weed Dormancy, Emergence, and Early Growth in Organic Corn

Weed Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 477-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Teasdale ◽  
Steven B. Mirsky
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Hairy Vetch ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

Insufficient weed control is a major constraint to adoption of reduced-tillage practices for organic grain production. Tillage, cover crop management, and crop planting date are factors that influence emergence periodicity and growth potential of important weed species in these systems. We assessed two hairy vetch cover crop management practices, disk-kill and roll-kill, across a range of corn planting dates from early May to late June in three experiments in Beltsville, MD. Patterns of seed dormancy, emergence, and early weed growth were determined for overseeded populations of common ragweed, giant foxtail, and smooth pigweed, three important species in the Mid-Atlantic states that represent early to late emergence. Common ragweed emergence was lowest and dormancy was highest of the three species across all planting dates. Giant foxtail emergence was higher than the other species in roll-killed hairy vetch and included a significant number of seeds that germinated before rolling operations in late June. Smooth pigweed had the highest emergence and lowest dormancy in disk-killed hairy vetch in June. Individual giant foxtail plant weight was higher in roll-killed than disk-killed hairy vetch in 2 of 3 yr, whereas that of smooth pigweed plants was higher in disk-killed than roll-killed vetch in 2 of 3 yr. Giant foxtail was the dominant species in roll-killed hairy vetch (averaged 79% of total weed biomass at corn silking), probably because of early germination and establishment before rolling operations. Smooth pigweed was the dominant species in disk-killed hairy vetch at June planting dates (averaged 77% of total weed biomass), probably because of high growth rates under warm conditions in tilled soil. This research demonstrated that cover crop management practices and the timing of planting operations can shift the dominant species of weed communities in organic farming systems and must be considered in long-term weed management planning.

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