Animal Manure | ScienceGate

An empirical leaching model was applied to data on agricultural practices at the field level within 6 small Danish agricultural catchments in order to document any changes in nitrogen (N) leaching from the root zone during the period 1989-96. The model calculations performed at normal climate revealed an average reduction in N-leaching that amounted to 30% in the loamy catchments and 9% in the sandy catchments. The reductions in N leaching could be ascribed to several improvements in agricultural practices during the study period: (i) regulations on livestock density; (ii) regulations on the utilisation of animal manure; (iii) regulations concerning application practices for manure. The average annual total N-loss from agricultural areas to surface water constituted only 54% of the annual average N leached from the root zone in the three loamy catchments and 17% in the three sandy catchments. Thus, subsurface N-removal processes are capable of removing large amounts of N leached from agricultural land. An empirical model for the annual diffuse N-loss to streams from small catchments is presented. The model predicts annual N-loss as a function of the average annual use of mineral fertiliser and manure in the catchment and the total annual runoff from the unsaturated zone.

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Co-digestion of Animal Manure and Carcasses to Increase Biogas Generation

Biofuel and Biorefinery Technologies - Improving Biogas Production ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-10516-7_5 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 99-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Deisi Cristina Tápparo ◽

André Cestonaro do Amaral ◽

Ricardo Luis Radis Steinmetz ◽

Airton Kunz

Keyword(s):

Animal Manure

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Biological Degradation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions during Pre-Storage of Liquid Animal Manure

Journal of Environmental Quality ◽

10.2134/jeq2004.0027 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 27 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Henrik B. Møller ◽

Sven G. Sommer ◽

Birgitte K. Ahring

Keyword(s):

Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Animal Manure ◽

Biological Degradation ◽

Gas Emissions

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Effect of bioactive compounds released from Brassicaceae defatted seed meals on bacterial load in pig manure

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-021-14321-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Luisa Ugolini ◽

Donatella Scarafile ◽

Roberto Matteo ◽

Eleonora Pagnotta ◽

Lorena Malaguti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Bacterial Population ◽

Bacterial Load ◽

Bacterial Pathogen ◽

Animal Manure ◽

Pig Manure ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Enzymatic System ◽

Livestock Waste ◽

Natural Substances

AbstractAnimal manure application to soils is considered to be one of the main cause of antibiotic and bacterial pathogen spread in the environment. Pig livestock, which is the source of one of the most used fertilizer for cultivated land, is also a hotspot for antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Besides harsh chemical and physical sanitization treatments for the abatement of antibiotics and bacterial load in livestock waste, more sustainable and environmentally friendly strategies need to be considered. In this context, the use of natural substances which are proved useful for pest and disease control is currently under exploration for their role in the reduction of bacterial pathogen population. Among these, plants and derived products from the Brassicaceae family, characterized by the presence of a defensive glucosinolate-myrosinase enzymatic system, have been successfully exploited for years in agriculture using the so-called biofumigation technique against crop diseases. Although the application of biofumigation to suppress a range of soil borne pests has been well documented, no studies have been examined to reduce bacterial population in animal waste. In the present study, the release and the antibacterial activity of bioactive compounds deriving from different Brassicaceae defatted seed meals against pathogens and bacterial population in pig manure is addressed. Rapistrum rugosum and Brassica nigra defatted seed meals were found to be the most active products against tested pathogens and able to significantly reduce the bacterial load in the manure.

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Optimization of a Method for Extraction and Determination of Residues of Selected Antimicrobials in Soil and Plant Samples Using HPLC-UV-MS/MS

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18031159 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 1159

Author(s):

Klaudia Kokoszka ◽

Agnieszka Kobus ◽

Sylwia Bajkacz

Keyword(s):

Nalidixic Acid ◽

High Performance ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Animal Manure ◽

Uv Detector ◽

Citrate Buffer ◽

High Biological Activity ◽

Extraction Solvent

The residues of antimicrobials used in human and veterinary medicine are popular pollutants of anthropogenic origin. The main sources of introducing antimicrobials into the environment are sewage treatment plants and the agricultural industry. Antimicrobials in animal manure contaminate the surrounding soil as well as groundwater, and can be absorbed by plants. The presence of antimicrobials in food of plant origin may pose a threat to human health due to their high biological activity. As part of the research, a procedure was developed for the extraction and determination of ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, cefuroxime, nalidixic acid and metronidazole in environmental samples (soil and parsley root). An optimized solid-liquid extraction (SLE) method was used to separate antimicrobials from the solid samples and a mixture of citrate buffer (pH = 4): methanol (1:1; v/v) was used as the extraction solvent. Solid phase extraction (SPE) with OASIS® HLB cartridges was used to purify and pre-concentrate the sample. The recovery of the developed method was in the range of 55–108%. Analytes were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an ultraviolet (UV) detector and a tandem mass spectrometer (HPLC-UV-MS/MS). The procedure was validated and applied to the determination of selected antimicrobials in soil and parsley root samples. Five types of soil and five types of parsley roots of different origins were analyzed. The presence of nalidixic acid in the parsley root samples was found in the concentration range of 0.14–0.72 ng g−1. It has been shown that antimicrobials are absorbed by the plant and can accumulate antimicrobials in its edible parts.

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Anaerobic Digestion and Removal of Sulfamethoxazole, Enrofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin and Their Antibiotic Resistance Genes in a Full-Scale Biogas Plant

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10050502 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 502

Author(s):

Andrea Visca ◽

Anna Barra Caracciolo ◽

Paola Grenni ◽

Luisa Patrolecco ◽

Jasmin Rauseo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Emerging Contaminants ◽

Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽

Animal Manure ◽

Full Scale ◽

Antibiotic Residues ◽

Anaerobic Digesters ◽

One Year

Anaerobic digestion is one of the best ways to re-use animal manure and agricultural residues, through the production of combustible biogas and digestate. However, the use of antibiotics for preventing and treating animal diseases and, consequently, their residual concentrations in manure, could introduce them into anaerobic digesters. If the digestate is applied as a soil fertilizer, antibiotic residues and/or their corresponding antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) could reach soil ecosystems. This work investigated three common soil emerging contaminants, i.e., sulfamethoxazole (SMX), ciprofloxacin (CIP), enrofloxacin (ENR), their ARGs sul1, sul2, qnrS, qepA, aac-(6′)-Ib-cr and the mobile genetic element intI1, for one year in a full scale anaerobic plant. Six samplings were performed in line with the 45-day hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the anaerobic plant, by collecting input and output samples. The overall results show both antibiotics and ARGs decreased during the anaerobic digestion process. In particular, SMX was degraded by up to 100%, ENR up to 84% and CIP up to 92%, depending on the sampling time. In a similar way, all ARGs declined significantly (up to 80%) in the digestate samples. This work shows how anaerobic digestion can be a promising practice for lowering antibiotic residues and ARGs in soil.

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Effect of biofertilizers and animal manure on morphophysiological characteristics and amount of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) essential oil under drought stress conditions

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/735/1/012047 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 735 (1) ◽

pp. 012047

Author(s):

Aws Jawad Kadhim

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Animal Manure ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Coriandrum Sativum

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The Potential of the Biodigester as a Useful Tool in Coffee Farms

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11156884 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (15) ◽

pp. 6884

Author(s):

Mauricio Hernández-Sarabia ◽

Juan Sierra-Silva ◽

Liliana Delgadillo-Mirquez ◽

Julián Ávila-Navarro ◽

Laura Carranza

Keyword(s):

Fermentation Process ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Animal Manure ◽

Agricultural Product ◽

Coffee Production ◽

Coffee Waste ◽

Coffee Cultivation ◽

Harmful Effects ◽

Wet Fermentation ◽

Potential Tool

Coffee is a highly productive agricultural product in the department of Tolima. The wet fermentation process of coffee generates about 80% of the waste, which is highly contaminated with organic matter that pollutes water sources, so anaerobic co-digestion techniques are implemented in coffee wastewater using Taiwan type biodigesters. According to the study of three biodigesters fed with coffee waste and animal manure, the aim is to show their potential application in coffee farms. These biodigesters generated a biogas production with CH4 concentrations between 49.1% ± 4.6 and 58.1% ± 2.4 in volume, in addition to the benefit of the biol used as fertilizer in the crops. The biogas produced can be used for cooking and can save around USD 40.17 in natural gas. Therefore, the biodigester is a potential tool to mitigate the harmful effects of coffee cultivation on the surrounding ecosystem and can project coffee production in a sustainable direction.

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