Root Zone Effects on Tracer Migration in Arid Zones

1994 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. W. Tyler ◽  
G. R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Root Zone ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Tracer Migration

scholarly journals Yield Comparisons between Cotton Variety Xin Nong Mian 1 and Its Transgenic ScALDH21 Lines under Different Water Deficiencies in a Desert-Oasis Ecotone

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1019
Author(s):  
Honglan Yang ◽  
Tohir A. Bozorov ◽  
Xiaoping Chen ◽  
Dawei Zhang ◽  
Jiancheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Zone ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Transgenic Cotton ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Cotton Variety ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Transgenic Lines

Water scarcity is the major limiting factor for oasis-desert agricultural production of cotton. It is necessary to improve cotton for drought tolerance and minimize drought-related crop losses, and the transgenic approach is efficient for cotton improvement. In order to evaluate the value of ScALDH21 transgenic cotton (G.hirsutum L.), it was tested in the main cotton region of south Xinjiang, in an environment of extreme drought around the desert. Transgenic cotton, overexpressing aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ScALDH21) from the desiccation-tolerant moss Syntrichia caninervis in cotton variety Xin Nong Mian 1, was field-tested under six treatments based on three irrigation schedules and two irrigation levels (full (FI) and deficit (DI) irrigation) as follows: root zone model-simulated forecast irrigation (F) (FFI and FDI), soil moisture sensor-based irrigation (S) (SFI and SDI), and flood irrigation based on experience estimates (E) (EFI and EDI) to evaluate growth and yield performances. The results revealed that plant height and leaf area increased significantly in ScALDH21-transgenic cotton genotypes under all treatments. Physiological parameters such as chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis rate, and instantaneous water use efficiency were not significantly highly in transgenic lines compared to non-transgenic plants (NT). However, transgenic lines showed significantly improved yield and superior fiber quality than NT plants regardless of irrigation. The results demonstrate that ScALDH21-transgenic lines were excellent compared to NT plants under different water deficiency conditions. The study also provides guidelines for optimal irrigation protocol and minimum water requirements for the use of the ScALDH21-transgenic cotton lines in arid zones.

scholarly journals Response of Salts in Saline Soil Using Different Irrigation Scheduling in Semi-Arid Zone of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
Kamran Baksh Soomro ◽  
Sina Alaghmand ◽  
Muhammad Mujtaba Shaikh ◽  
Sanyogita Andriyas ◽  
Amin Talei
Keyword(s):  
Root Zone ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Salt Leaching ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

The salinity of soil is a crucial challenge for growers irrigating in semi-arid zones. To accomplish salinity, growers require information about salt's basis and processes of the salt mobility through the root zone. Soil salinity can be managed by exceptional irrigating farming practices including irrigation scheduling to leach down salts through the root zone. This study aimed at examining the salts movement in saline soil in a semi-arid region in Sindh, Pakistan. This field experiment was conducted during the summer of 2017 on a salt-affected land by using three irrigation treatments of canal water including T1 (7 day irrigation interval), T2 (14 day irrigation interval) and T3 (21 days irrigation interval) under 10, 9 and 8 cm depths of irrigation water, respectively. The texture of soil was silty clay loam having an electrical conductivity (EC) ranging from 7.73 to 20.69 dS/m. However, the pH of the soil ranged from 7.89 to 8.04. The findings of a two-way analysis of variance were consistent with the statistical examination of EC and pH data day- wise (7, 14 and 21 days) and depths-wise (10, 9 and 8 cm). Average reductions in the EC and pH of the soil were observed at 7 days interval and 10cm depth at P<0.05. Overall, the findings exhibited that, compared to the 14 and 21 day intervals, a 7 day irrigation interval was more effective in terms of salt leaching from the soil profile.    

scholarly journals Estimation of basic irrigation requirements.

1961 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-298
Author(s):  
L. Wartena ◽  
E.C. Veldman
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Irrigation Requirements

Calculations of irrigation frequencies in arid zones from available moisture in the root zone and evaporation from a crop well supplied with water give too high values. A relationship between the moisture content of the soil and time after irrigation is proposed, taking into account the decrease of evaporation due to higher diffusion resistances when the pF of the soil becomes higher than 2.7-3.0. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Ferrihydrite dissolution at the root zone of crops under semi-arid condition controls the plant uptake of uranium and arsenic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arindam Malakar ◽  
Michael Kaiser ◽  
Daniel D. Snow ◽  
Harkamal Walia ◽  
Chittaranjan Ray
Keyword(s):  
Plant Uptake ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Arid Condition ◽  
Semi Arid

A new type of phytotherapeutic approach with angiosperms from arid zones of northern Mexico in patients with malignant and benign tumors

Planta Medica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
CA López-Moreno ◽  
LR Quintanilla ◽  
GLB Serrano ◽  
QE Rosales ◽  
FJA Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
New Type ◽  
Malignant And Benign Tumors

Managing Landscape Irrigation to Avoid Soil and Nutrient Losses

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
George Hochmuth ◽  
Laurie Trenholm ◽  
Don Rainey ◽  
Esen Momol ◽  
Claire Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Nutrient Losses ◽  
County Agents ◽  
The Right ◽  
Soil And Water

Proper irrigation management is critical to conserve and protect water resources and to properly manage nutrients in the home landscape. How lawns and landscapes are irrigated directly impacts the natural environment, so landscape maintenance professionals and homeowners must adopt environmentally-friendly approaches to irrigation management. After selecting the right plant for the right place, water is the next critical factor to establish and maintain a healthy lawn and landscape. Fertilization is another important component of lawn and landscape maintenance, and irrigation must be applied correctly, especially following fertilization, to minimize potential nutrient losses. This publication supplements other UF/IFAS Extension publications that also include information on the role of soil and the root zone in irrigation management. This publication is designed to help UF/IFAS Extension county agents prepare materials to directly address nutrient losses from lawns and landscapes caused by inadequate irrigation management practices. This 6-page fact sheet was written by George Hochmuth, Laurie Trenholm, Don Rainey, Esen Momol, Claire Lewis, and Brian Niemann, and published by the UF Department of Soil and Water Science, October 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ss586

Orientation of processes of biological nitrogen transformation in winter rye agroecosystems under different levels of fertilization background

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
V. Volkogon ◽  
I. Korotka
Keyword(s):  
Root Zone ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Nitrogen Transformation ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Microbial Preparation ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Aim. To determine physiologically expedient rates of mineral nitrogen in winter rye production on sod-podzol- ic soils based on the orientation of the processes of biological nitrogen transformation in the plants rhizosphere. Methods. Field studies, gas chromatography determination of potential nitrogen fi xation activity and potential emissions of N 2 O. Results. The results obtained have demonstrated that the rates of mineral nitrogen, not ex- ceeding 60 kg/ha, can be considered physiologically expedient for winter rye production on sod-podzolic soils. Under the application of microbial preparation Diazobakteryn, there is a higher physiological need of plants for nitrogen, which allows increasing the rates of nitrogen fertilizers up to 90 kg/ha. Conclusions. The orienta- tion of the processes of biological nitrogen transformation in the root zone of plants is a reliable indicator of determining the appropriateness of nitrogen fertilization of crops.

Effectiveness of complex inoculation of spring wheat with N[2] -fi xing bacteria Azospirillum brasilense and mold-antagonist Chaetomium cochliodes

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
E. Kopylov
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Atmospheric Nitrogen ◽  
Rhizospheric Soil ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Wheat Roots ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Aim. To study the specifi cities of complex inoculation of spring wheat roots with the bacteria of Azospirillum genus and Chaetomium cochliodes Palliser 3250, and the isolation of bacteria of Azospirillum genus, capable of fi xing atmospheric nitrogen, from the rhizospheric soil, washed-off roots and histoshere. Materials and meth- ods. The phenotypic features of the selected bacteria were identifi ed according to Bergi key. The molecular the polymerase chain reaction and genetic analysis was used for the identifi cation the bacteria. Results. It has been demonstrated that during the introduction into the root system of spring wheat the strain of A. brasilensе 102 actively colonizes rhizospheric soil, root surface and is capable of penetrating into the inner plant tissues. Conclusions. The soil ascomucete of C. cochliodes 3250 promotes better settling down of Azospirillum cells in spring wheat root zone, especially in plant histosphere which induces the increase in the content of chlorophyll a and b in the leaves and yield of the crop.

SPECIFICITY OF THE CLINICAL COURSE OF THE INITIAL STAGES OF HYPERTENSION IN ARID ZONES OF UZBEKISTAN AND NON-DRUG APPROACHES TO TREATMENT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
U.R. Narzulaeva ◽  
G.U. Samieva ◽  
M.Sh. Ismatova
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Etiological Factors ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Hot Climate ◽  
Patients At Risk

The article describes the etiological factors, the course and risks of the development of hypertension in the early stages in a hot climate. The data on the pathogenesis of hypertension and the effects of pathogenetic variants of the sympatho-adrenal and renin-angiotensin systems are summarized. Non-drug treatment is proposed by observing a healthy lifestyle in patients at risk.

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