Economia Mondiall Context Al Dezvolttrii Productivitttii Economice Naaionale (The Global Economy - Framework for the National Economic Productivity Development)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris A. Mihai
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
National Economic

scholarly journals Economic productivity and competitiveness of Ukrainian exports due to the global challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Lesia Petkova ◽  
Olena Berezina ◽  
Iryna Honcharenko ◽  
Ihor Osadchenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Research Result ◽  
World Market ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Productivity And Competitiveness

Productivity and economic growth are key factors to maintain and improve the competitiveness of nations in the global market. The paper analyzes the prospects for the competitiveness of Ukrainian exports in the terms of pandemic circumstances and post-pandemic recovery of the global economy. The prospects for strengthening the competitiveness of Ukraine’s economy evaluating based on the modified approach for assessing the revealed comparative advantage. The dynamics and structure of major industries exports were estimating. The research result proved that the growth of innovative products in the iron and steel industry increases its competitiveness in the world market. The established reduction of the identified comparative advantages index for the main exports positions reflects the presence of structural and technological lags in the modern structure of the national economy and requires economic policy measures aimed at long-term action. Respectively, the main goals of contemporary national economic policy aimed at promoting the export competitiveness of Ukrainian products (goods & services) have to be the stimulating of R&D, infrastructure modernization and capital deepening.

scholarly journals Countryís Competitiveness and Sustainability in the Context of the Higher Education System Reforms

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elita Jermolajeva ◽  
Ludmila Aleksejeva
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Education Reform ◽  
Education System ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Middle Term ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

Abstract The accumulation of knowledge and its use have become important factors that promote economic development as they contribute to a countryís competitiveness in the global economy. The basic significance of research is obtained by defining new approaches in the organisation, function and efficiency of the higher education system (HES) by emphasising its qualitative aspects. The aim of the article is to describe the influence of education reform on economic competitiveness, paying a special attention to analysing and evaluating international experiences from an interdisciplinary perspective, including economics, pedagogy, etc. Quantitative indicators are used to characterise specific features of the HES and the interaction of this system in the overall context of state development. Some aspects of the Latvian HES are also analysed. The economic activity of inhabitants often directly depends on their level of education. In order to reorganise the Latvian HES and increase its competitiveness and efficiency, thus ensuring quality and availability, the Latvian education system must define a middle-term (4ñ5 years) and long-term (10ñ15 years) development plan that is coordinated with national economic development.

scholarly journals Influence of Tourism on Economic Development in Asian Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-216
Author(s):  
Wen-Chuan FU ◽  
◽  
Chia-Jui PENG ◽  
Tzu-Yi YANG ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rate Fluctuation ◽  
National Economic ◽  
International Entry ◽  
The Relationship

Although the tourism industry has recorded the lowest pollution, it significantly contributes to the global economy. Therefore, many countries have spent great efforts in promoting their tourism industry to support their entire economic development. This article considers factors related to the relationship between national economic growth and international entry tourism for 11 Asian countries to investigate the existence of the cross-sectional difference between these countries. Results show that exchange rate fluctuation is an alternative factor affecting economic growth risk, and common slope exists between countries. Moreover, international entry tourist headcount and income show differential slope in some countries, implying that these factors affect the economies of different Asian countries differently.

The Role of Smart Power Technologies in Global Electrification

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 845-870
Author(s):  
Kurt Yeager ◽  
Stephen Gehl ◽  
Brent Barker
Keyword(s):  
Delivery System ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Smart Power ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
Energy Chain

This paper explores trends in global electrification through 2050, and the shift in technology dominance from supply-side to demand-side as the electricity delivery system becomes integrated with communications to form a new mega-infrastructure with new functions. This ‘energy web’ will be a smart, interactive, and self-healing electricity delivery system fully capable of supporting the precision power needs of the digital society of the 21st century. The demand side employs billions and ultimately trillions of microprocessor agents negotiating for specialised services on behalf of their owners. The traditional electricity meter will be replaced by a two-way energy/information portal, through which information, power and services can flow. Because of the resulting optimisation opportunities, substantial efficiency gains are possible throughout the entire energy chain, from end user to producer. Another advantage is an improvement in economic productivity through the use of advanced digital technologies in all sectors of the economy. A balanced focus on the technologies of supply and the technologies of demand is needed to meet global electrification goals. The paper shows that the sustainable growth of the global economy will be increasingly reliant on ‘digital quality’ electricity (perfectly reliable and free of spikes, voltage sags and frequency fluctuations) to power computers, advanced electro-technologies for business and industry, the internet and its successor networks, and the knowledge-based industries of the future. Examples include semiconductor manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, advanced materials, nanotechnology applications and biotechnology. These applications are already well established in the developed world, and they will become increasingly important in the LDCs as these countries seek to expand the technology base of their economies. >Finally, the paper points out that a balanced implementation of the technologies of supply and demand offers an optimal approach to improving worker productivity and thereby addressing the issues of an ageing (and shrinking) work force in many parts of the globe.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF AN ALGORITHM FOR INCREASING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF INNOVATIVE ENTREPRENEURS ON THE BASIS OF THE OBTAINED EVALUATION RESULTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Zrybnieva
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
External Context ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Key Competencies ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Basic Approaches

Numerous studies in the field of development of national and international policy measures in the field of ensuring the dynamically sustainable and balanced development of national economic systems and the global economy as a whole are devoted to the issue of increasing the competitiveness of innovative entrepreneurs. In market conditions, the high competitiveness of innovative entrepreneurs is the key to high and stable profits. In this article the author investigates and proposes a system of factors that determine the competitiveness of innovative entrepreneurs. Taking into account the studied theoretical, methodological and practical sources on the stated topic of the presented dissertation research, the author proposes to consider the influence of conditions and factors influencing the formation of competitive potential of innovative entrepreneurs in the internal and external context. Also, the author draws attention to the need of understanding that the presence of competitive potential in the subject of innovative entrepreneurship does not mean that it has unconditional competitiveness, management must have key competencies in order to turn competitive potential into competitive advantage,. In this regard, it is necessary to develop and form a methodology for assessing the competitiveness of innovative entrepreneurs, which, inter alia, will show whether the management of the entity has the necessary key competencies. In connection with the above, we can say that the factors that affect the formation of competitive potential may contribute to, and may counteract the receipt of the necessary (necessary) economic and other effects (business rents) from the main and other activities of the sub object of innovative entrepreneurship. Speaking about classification of conditions and factors influencing the formation of the competitive potential of the subjects of innovative entrepreneurship, it should be noted that a single classification approach currently does not exist. Thus it is possible to allocate some basic approaches to classification in scientific domestic and foreign literature.

scholarly journals The discourse of competitiveness and the dis-embedding of the national economy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Linsi
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Multinational Firms ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Competition State ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Neoclassical Economic Theory ◽  
Post War ◽  
National Economies

In the 1950s-70s inward foreign direct investments (IFDI) were widely seen as a menace, threatening to undermine national economic development. Two decades later such concerns had virtually disappeared. Rather than as a problem, IFDI were now portrayed as a solution - even symbols of national economic success. To better understand the ideational dynamics underlying this remarkable transformation in perceptions of IFDI, this research traces the evolution of economic discourses in the United Kingdom over the post-war period. Deviating from conventional accounts in constructivist IPE, the investigation indicates that the rise of first-generation neoliberal discourses in the 1980s played only a secondary role in these processes. Instead, the discursive reshaping of IFDI was primarily driven by the rise of the narrative of national competitiveness in the early 1990s – a discourse inspired by managerial rather than neoclassical economic theory. Building a framework that prioritizes (multinational) firms over national economies, the rise of this second-generation neoliberal narrative played a critical role in promoting now taken-for-granted imaginaries of the global economy as an economic ”race” between nations-as-platforms-of-production. The findings highlight both the ideational underbelly of the rise of the competition state and how it re-shaped dominant social representations of IFDI.

scholarly journals Context and curriculum in two global cities: A study of discourses of citizenship in Hong Kong and Singapore

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Alviar-Martin ◽  
Mark Baildon
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Civic Education ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Global Citizenship ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Global Cities ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Alternative Discourses

This qualitative, comparative case study examined global civic education (GCE) in the Asian global cities of Hong Kong and Singapore. Guided by theories that position curriculum at the intersection of discourse, context, and personal meaning-making, we sought to describe the ways in which intentions for GCE reflect broader societal discourses of citizenship and how curricula allow students to tackle tensions surrounding national and global citizenship. We found that Singapore and Hong Kong have adopted depoliticized forms of citizenship as a means of inoculation against global ills. These types of citizenship are more nationalistic than global in nature; moral rather than political; and focused mainly on utilitarian goals to produce adaptable workers able to support national economic projects in the global economy. Although critical, transnational, and other emergent civic perspectives are apparent in both cities, the data yielded little evidence of curricular opportunities for students to become exposed to alternative discourses and reconcile discursive contradictions. The findings inform current literature by illuminating the nexus of local and global discursive practices, implicating the ability of curricula to accommodate both novel and established civic identities, and forwarding suggestions to bridge disconnections between theoretical and local curricular definitions of global citizenship. 

scholarly journals Energetic regimes of the global economy – past, present and future

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Jarvis ◽  
Carey King
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
Thermodynamic Structure ◽  
Gross World Product ◽  
Low Carbon Energy

Abstract. For centuries both engineers and economists have collaborated to attempt to raise economic productivity through efficiency improvements. Global primary energy use (PEU) and gross world product (GWP) data 1950–2018 reveal a the effects of aggregate energy efficiency (AEE) improvements since the 1950's have been characterised by two distinct behavioural regimes. Prior to the energy supply shocks in the 1970s the AEE of the global economy was remarkably constant such that PEU and GWP growth were fully coupled. We suggest this regime is associated with attempts to maximise growth in GWP. In contrast, in the 1970s the global economy transitioned to a lower growth regime that promoted maximising growth in AEE such that GWP growth is maximised while simultaneously attempting to minimise PEU growth, a regime that appears to persist to this day. Low carbon energy transition scenarios generally present the perceived ability to raise growth in AEE at least three fold from 2020 as a tactic to slow greenhouse gas emissions via lower PEU growth. Although the 1970s indicate rapid transitions in patterns of energy use are possible, our results suggest that any promise to reduce carbon emissions based on enhancing the rate of efficiency improvements could prove difficult to realise in practice because the growth rates of AEE, PEU and GWP do not evolve independently, but rather co-evolve in ways that reflect the underlying thermodynamic structure of the economy.

scholarly journals Państwo we współczesnej gospodarce światowej – wybrane zagadnienia

2012 ◽  
pp. 99-127
Author(s):  
Izabela Zawiślińska
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Financial Supervision ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Common Opinion ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Fiscal And Monetary Policy

The 2007+ financial crisis and the depression in real sphere of many economies important for the world economy has led to many initiatives directed against the negative effects of the crisis. The state and its institutions played the most important role in anti-crisis actions. At the beginning states concentrated on fiscal and monetary policy measures aiming to help national economic subjects. In other words, the challenges of early 21st century changed common opinion on the position and the importance of the modern state. Quickly, however, it has become clear that such help is not sufficient. The advanced level of international cooperation and interdependence between micro- and macroeconomic subjects have led to the situation in which single states could not take effective action against crisis phenomena that were not only initiated in their economies but also imported. In such conditions we can observe the emergence of new international initiatives such as G20, Financial Stability Council, the new European Financial Supervision System or European instruments for financial stability, including the fiscal pact, which was preliminary agreed on during the December summit of the European Council. All those actions are, unfortunately, designed as short-term and emergency measures. They do not aim for longer time frame. There is no debate on doctrinal foundations of the contemporary global economy. The actions described in this text also fi t into that pattern, as they are only an attempt at addressing the problems and not an initiative which has pre-dated the contemporary crisis phenomena.

scholarly journals TRADE FACILITATION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: COOPERATION BETWEEN UKRAINE AND THE COUNTRIES OF NORTH AMERICA

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-117
Author(s):  
Olha Yatsenko ◽  
Kenneth C. Schneeberger ◽  
Tetiana Tananaiko
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Trade Facilitation ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Geopolitical Risks

The article substantiates the expediency of trade facilitation between Ukraine and the countries of North America. This is a recent problem for Ukraine as the country affected by geopolitical risks. One of the solutions, needed in order to materialize the national economic interests and to defend the state sovereignty, is to enhance partnership with the countries of North America which are acknowledged leaders of the global economy. The purpose of this article is to justify recommendations related to development and implementation of trade and economic cooperation between Ukraine and the countries of North America. The main issue is the development of cooperation under the protective trade policy of the USA and Canada. Using the GTAP model, the article provides several scenarios of trade and economic cooperation with the purpose of choosing the best one. The article also corroborates and offers focus areas and tools to improve trade relations between the countries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document