Nutritional Status and Its Associated Factors Among HIV Positive Adolescents on Atazanavir-Based Regimen Attending an Urban Clinic in Uganda

AbstractBackgroundAdolescents between the ages of 10-19 represent a growing portion of people living with HIV worldwide. A large proportion of adolescents living with HIV suffer from severe malnutrition because of the chronic ill health and this has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Little is known about the nutrition status of adolescents living with HIV who are on second line treatment particularly Atazanavir. Therefore, we assessed the nutrition status and associated factors among HIV positive adolescents on Atazanavir-based regimen attending an urban clinic in Uganda.MethodThis was a cross-sectional study carried out between December 2017 and July 2018. Using convenience sampling, adolescents aged 10-19 years attending an urban clinic in Kampala on Atazanavir-based regimen were enrolled into the study. Nutritional status was assessed using BMI-for-Age and Height-for-age as measures of thinness and stunting respectively. Standard deviation scores (Z scores) were applied to determine the nutritional status. WHO and CDC Z-score cut offs were used to categorize the nutrition status. Data was entered into an electronic database using REDCap. Statistical analysis was done using STATA version 15.1 (Texas, USA).ResultsData from 132 adolescents were included. We found that 28% were malnourished (composite outcome of stunting and thinness). The prevalence malnutrition of thinness was 7.6% with 2.3% being severely thin. The prevalence of stunting was 23.7% with 1.5% being severely stunted. Adolescents with no parent were more likely to be malnourished than adolescents who had either one or both parents (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]: 3.70 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.20-11.37, p=0.023). In addition, adolescents who had attained at least secondary education were less likely to be malnourished (AOR: 0.40, CI:0.17-0.95, P-value=0.037).ConclusionThere is a high proportion of adolescents with HIV who are malnourished. Low level of education (No education and elementary) and having no parent are important risk factors to malnutrition in this population. There is need for optimizing nutrition care for adolescents on HIV treatment.

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Under-nutrition and associated factors among children on ART in Southern Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study

Italian Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s13052-021-01154-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chalie Marew Tiruneh ◽

Belete Gelaw Walle ◽

Tigabu Desie Emiru ◽

Nigusie Selomon Tibebu ◽

Moges Wubneh Abate ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Oral Lesion ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cd4 Counts ◽

Under Nutrition

Abstract Background Malnutrition is very common in HIV-infected individuals. Even though data from different settings are necessary to tackle it, pieces of evidence are limited especially in the case of the nutritional status of HIV-infected children. Hence, this study aims to assess the nutritional status and associated factors among children on antiretroviral therapy. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 383 HIV-positive children in Southern Ethiopia. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and anthropometry measurement. Data were coded and entered into Epi-Data Version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS Version 25. Bi-variable and multi-variable binary logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with nutritional status and variables with p-values <0.05 in multi-variable logistic regression were considered as statistically significant. Results The prevalence of wasting among HIV-positive children in Southern Ethiopiaselected Hospitals was 36.3% (95% CI, 31.6–41.0) while stunting on the same study population was 5.5% (95% CI, 3.4–7.8). Rural residence, lack of maternal education, low CD4 counts (< 500), using an unprotected water source, having a non-biological mother and recurrent oral lesion were significantly associated with wasting. Furthermore, history of hospital admission, recurrent oral lesion, low CD4 counts (< 500), advanced WHO clinical stage were statically associated with stunting with p-value < 0.05. Conclusion This study found that the prevalence of under-nutrition among HIV-positive children in Ethiopia was significantly high. Therefore, timely identification and monitoring of nutritional problems should be necessary to enhance the effectiveness of ART treatment and to prevent further related complications.

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Seroprevalence and associated factors of hepatitis B virus infection among HIV-positive adults attending an antiretroviral treatment clinic at Wolaita Sodo University Referral Hospital

Hepatic Medicine Evidence and Research ◽

10.2147/hmer.s206870 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol Volume 11 ◽

pp. 137-147

Author(s):

Abraham Goa ◽

Tadele Dana ◽

Shimelash Bitew ◽

Aseb Arba

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Antiretroviral Treatment ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽

B Virus ◽

Treatment Clinic ◽

Hiv Positive Adults

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Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Associated Factors among Indonesian Adolescents

International Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1155/2020/4262034 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Andra Kurnianto ◽

Deni Kurniadi Sunjaya ◽

Fedri Ruluwedrata Rinawan ◽

Dany Hilmanto

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Family History ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Equation Model ◽

Behavior Changes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of ◽

Family History Of Hypertension

Background. Given that hypertension in adulthood has its onset in childhood, it is not surprising that the prevalence of hypertension among adolescents has also increased in recent years. However, there are limited data on the prevalence of hypertension and also the new AAP guideline has not yet been applied to the Indonesian adolescent population. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension using the new AAP guideline and to assess the occurrence of its associated factors among Indonesian adolescents. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study conducted at twelve senior high schools in Palembang, South Sumatera, Indonesia, from June to December 2019. The study included adolescents aged 13 to 18 years old. Anthropometric measurements were obtained. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the risk factors most associated with hypertension among adolescents, and then an equation model was created. The prevalence of hypertension was evaluated, together with several factors such as age group, sex, ethnicity, family history of hypertension, nutritional status, physical activity, perceived stress, sleep duration, nutritional intake, and smoking. Results. In total, 1200 adolescents aged 15.9 ± 0.99 years were evaluated. The prevalence of hypertension and elevated blood pressure among adolescents was 8% and 12.2%, respectively. There were significant associations between sex, family history of hypertension, hypertensive father, nutritional status, physical activity, perceived stress, and hypertension among Indonesian adolescents (p<0.05). Stress was the most powerful risk factor of hypertension with an odds ratio of 5.83 (95% confidence interval 2.91–11.6). Conclusions. Nowadays, the prevalence of hypertension among Indonesian adolescents is quite high. This may be caused by lifestyle or behavior changes among adolescents. Sex, family history of hypertension, nutritional status, physical activity, and perceived stress influenced the 27% hypertension prevalence rate among Indonesian adolescents, particularly in Palembang, South Sumatera. In order to decrease the prevalence of hypertension in adults, concern about lifestyle or behavior changes and hypertension among adolescents should be given.

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Food consumption and nutritional status of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA): a case of Thika and Bungoma Districts, Kenya

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980009990826 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 475-479 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Elizabeth Nafula Kuria

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Well Being ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

AbstractObjectiveTo establish the food consumption, dietary habits and nutritional status of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and adults whose HIV status is not established.DesignCross-sectional descriptive survey.SettingThika and Bungoma Districts, Kenya.SubjectsA random sample of 439 adults; 174 adults living with HIV/AIDS and 265 adults whose HIV/AIDS status was not established in Thika and Bungoma Districts.ResultsMajority of PLWHA consume foods that are low in nutrients to build up the immune system and help maintain adequate weight, and there is little variety in the foods they consume. More adults who are HIV-positive are undernourished than those whose status is not established. Of the HIV-positive adults, those with a BMI of ≤18·5 kg/m2 were 23·6 % (Thika 20·0 % and Bungoma 25·7 %) while of the adults whose status is not established those with BMI ≤ 18·5 kg/m2 were 13·9 % (Thika 9·3 % and Bungoma 16·7 %).ConclusionsAdults who are HIV-positive are more likely to be undernourished than those whose status is not established, as there is a significant difference (P = 0·000) between the nutritional status (BMI) of PLWHA and those whose HIV/AIDS status is not established. PLWHA consume foods that are low in nutrients to promote their nutritional well-being and health.

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Prevalence of malnutrition among women and adolescent girls: impact of urbanization in rural–urban interface of Bangalore

British Food Journal ◽

10.1108/bfj-03-2021-0281 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Veerabhadrappa Bellundagi ◽

K.B. Umesh ◽

B.C. Ashwini ◽

K.R. Hamsa

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Wealth Index ◽

Total Sample ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Double Burden ◽

Content Type ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis

PurposeIndia is facing a double burden of malnutrition, i.e. undernutrition and obesity. Women and adolescent health and nutrition are very relevant issues which have not received much attention it deserves in India, especially in the context of a girl child. Hence, the purpose of this study is to assess malnutrition among women and adolescent girls as well as the associated factors.Design/methodology/approachAn attempt was made to assess malnutrition among women and adolescent girls and associated factors. The required data was collected from the north (616) and south transects (659) sample households of Bangalore constituting a total sample size of 1,275. The data was analyzed by adopting multiple linear regression and multinomial logistic regression analysis using STATA software.FindingsThe effects of this study simply confirmed that, urbanization had an instantaneous effect on dietary repute of women and adolescent girls, while transferring throughout the gradient from rural to urban with the growing significance of weight problems and obese. In adolescent girls, about 31% were underweight followed by normal weight and overweight across rural–urban interface of Bangalore. The factors such as education, consumption of meat and animal products, a dummy for urban, diabetes and blood pressure were significantly and positively influencing the nutritional status (Body Mass Index) of women across rural–urban interface. While consumption of vegetables, wealth index and per capita income had a positive and significant influence on the nutritional status of adolescent girls.Originality/valueWith limited studies and data available in Karnataka, especially in Bengaluru, one of the fastest growing cities in the world. Against this backdrop, the study was conducted to assess the prevalence of malnutrition among women and adolescents and its association with various socio-economic variables.

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High-risk human papillomavirus infection and associated factors in the anal canal of HIV-positive patients in Medellín, 2017–2018

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054001692 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 93

Author(s):

Daniela Herrera Posada ◽

Lucia Stella Tamayo Acevedo ◽

Marleny Valencia Arredondo ◽

Gloria Inéz Sánchez Vásquez

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Health Care ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

High Risk ◽

Elementary Education ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Casual Sex ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Factors Associated ◽

High Risk Hpv

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) anal infection and associated factors in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients in Medellín. METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study in 300 HIV-positive patients, adults, with history of anal intercourse, treated in two health care services of Medellín 2017–2018. We conducted a structured survey on sociodemographics, sexual behavior and medical history. HPV was detected in anal swabs tested by the COBAS 4800 system. Exploratory data analysis of risk factors associated with HR-HPV was conducted by chi-square test of independence and both raw and adjusted prevalence ratios used the Poisson regression model, at a 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: The high-risk HPV had a prevalence of 82.7%; HPV16 had a prevalence of 32.7%, HPV18 a prevalence of 21.7% and other HPV types scored 78.3%. The high-risk HPV prevalence in women was of 68.2% and 83.8% in men. The risk factors associated with high-risk HPV after adjustment were age under 30 years, elementary education, casual sex partners, and first sexual activity before 18 years old. CONCLUSIONS: The high incidence of high-risk HPV, along with the occurrence of coinfections by multiple types in the study population shows their susceptibility to develop some type of anal intra-epithelial neoplasia. It is important to establish sexual health programs focused on primary health care.

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