scholarly journals Problems of restoration of lands disturbed during the development of mineral deposits

2020 ◽  
pp. 218-227
Author(s):  
Andrey Nikolaevich IVANOV ◽  
◽  
Margarita Nikolaevna IGNAT’EVA ◽  
Vera Vasil’evna YURAK ◽  
Natal’ya Georgievna PUSTOKHINA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Mineral Deposits ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Land Disturbance ◽  
Similar Region ◽  
Disturbed Land ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Far Eastern

Relevance of the study. One of the criteria for sustainable development, focused on the preservation of renewable natural resources, requires equal volumes of use of renewable resources and their renewal, or even an excess of renewable resources over use. In the context of mining enterprises, this criterion is directly related to land resources that are disturbed during the operation of mineral deposits and are restored at the end of the development of deposits. The effectiveness of reclamation works requires an analysis of their implementation and identification of reasons for non-compliance with the required ratio in the use and restoration of disturbed lands. The purpose of the study is to assess the state of reclamation work at the level of countries and regions and to identify “bottlenecks”, the elimination of which allows fulfilling the criterion condition for sustainable development. Methods of research. In the course of the study, the methods of generalization, grouping, statistical analysis, comparison and analogies were used. Results. In the process of research, the relevance of restoration of land resources in the development of subsoil resources was confirmed. The identified trends related to the production of reclamation in the 1980s and now are manifested in a constant lag in the rate of reclamation from the rate of violation of land resources. In general, about 50% of disturbed land is reclaimed annually in the Russian Federation. The share of reclamation does not remain constant; for 2018, for example, it increases to 64.11%. Comparison by federal districts made it possible to identify leaders in terms of disturbance and reclamation of land resources. The largest volume of land disturbance is typical for the Ural, Siberian, and Far Eastern districts; these regions also account for large areas of reclamation (more than 65% of the total amount of reclaimed areas). At the same time, in percentage terms, the situation is not so favorable. From the comparison of the current volumes of disturbance and reclamation performed for the period 2015–2018, it follows that in the Ural and Siberian districts these indicators are the lowest, in particular in the Ural district (20.97–55.86%). A similar region-wise analysis performed for the Ural Federal District showed that the lowest rates are typical for the Tyumen region, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District. The Kurgan region is in the best position; the average indicators are in the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions. In general, a negative trend is observed in the Ural Federal District: in 2015 – 55.86%, in 2018 – 34.61%, and in 2016-2017 – 20.97-24.66%. Conclusions. Reclamation works are primarily associated with the development of mineral deposits, which requires improving the organizational and economic mechanism of this process in the conditions of subsoil use: solving the problem of financing these works, tightening control over their implementation, increasing the responsibility of performers, improving the regulatory framework.

Regeneration of the Disturbed Lands: Identified Trends

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
M.N. Ignatieva ◽  
V.E. Strovskiy ◽  
V.V. Yurak ◽  
A.N. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Federal District ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Disturbed Land ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Far Eastern

The generalized and analyzed experience of reclamation in various federal areas of our country has been presented, as well as this in the Urals Federal District with the lowest percentage of disturbed land regeneration. There has been identified a gradual increase of reclaimed lands, the interconnection of the biggest percentage of reclaimed and disturbed lands in the Urals, Siberian, Far Eastern and Volga Federal Districts, the ratio of disturbed and reclaimed lands by categories with details of reclamations. The information has been analyzed for a long period of time – 1995–2018 to possibly consider the identified trends as reliable. Taking them into account while making management decisions to increase the efficiency of reclamation.

Comparative analysis of maternal mortality in the Far Eastern and Siberian Federal Districts

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
T.E. Belokrinitskaya ◽  
◽  
N.V. Artymuk ◽  
O.S. Filippov ◽  
E.M. Shifman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Siberian Federal District ◽  
Obstetric Hemorrhage ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Systematic Development ◽  
Far Eastern

Objective. To perform comparative analysis of parameters and structure of maternal mortality (MM) in the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) and Siberian Federal District (SFD) in 2014–2019. Materials and methods. The database for analysis was generated using map-based emergency notifications of maternal deaths (69 in FEFD and 180 in SFD). We used methods of descriptive statistics, Pearson's χ2-test, and calculated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results. Between 2014 and 2018, the dynamics of MM in the FEFD and SFD had a one-way trend: it decreased in 2014–2017, but dramatically increased in 2018 primarily due to social factors. In 2019, we observed a significant growth of MM in the FEFD, while the SFD demonstrated a reduction of MM. The most common cause of maternal death in both districts was extragenital diseases. However, there were some differences in the structure of obstetric causes: in FEFD, preeclampsia and obstetric hemorrhage were the most frequent obstetric causes of death, while in SFD, women primarily developed embolism and placental abruption. Conclusion. The dynamics and structure of MM in the FEFD and SFD require management decisions aimed at improving medical care with the consideration of clinical guidelines, organization of continuous audit, systematic development of practical teamwork skills both in simulation training centers and healthcare institutions. Key words: Far Eastern Federal District, maternal mortality, Siberian Federal District

scholarly journals The Sociodemographic Aspect of Sustainable Development Formation of the Agroindustrial Complex in the Far Eastern Federal District

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (3) ◽  
pp. 032109
Author(s):  
N Pastukhova ◽  
E Emelyanova ◽  
A Nishchev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Regional Factors ◽  
The Common ◽  
Agroindustrial Complex ◽  
Far Eastern

Abstract The article describes the sociodemographic aspect of sustainable development formation of the agroindustrial complex, consistent with the regional features. The methodological and theoretical basis of this publication is the works of economic theory founders and the works of domestic and foreign scientists on the problems of the sociodemographic aspect of sustainable development formation of the agroindustrial sector. The methodology based on the revealing and studying the problems of the sociodemographic aspect of sustainable development of the agroindustrial complex and the common and regional factors of sustainable development of the agroindustrial complex. Used methods: analysis, synthesis, monographical, analytical, abstract-logical, calculation and constructive, economic and statistical, economic and mathematical, sociologial, expert.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Operation of Gibrat’s Law in Cities of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-66
Author(s):  
Inna Manaeva
Keyword(s):  
Federal District ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Siberian Federal District ◽  
Gibrat’S Law ◽  
The North ◽  
Gibrat's Law ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The City ◽  
Average Annual Number

Foreign researchers are testing Gibrat’s law on the example of firms, regions and countries. The importance of empirical confirmation of this law lies in the fact that it allows us to determine whether the population of a city, region or country as a whole has a common growth path and whether there is single size dependence between them. The relevance of this study is determined by the need to expand the indicators to assess the growth of cities using Gibrat’s law in modern Russian conditions. The purpose of the article is to analyze the feasibility of Gibrat’s law in Russian cities by indicators: population of the city, population density in the city, average annual number of employees in enterprises in the city, average monthly wage in the city, number of enterprises and organizations in the city, as well as to determine the appropriateness of using this law for urban systems of Russia. In the Ural, Siberian and Far Eastern federal districts (2009–2016), in the North-Western, Volga, Siberian and Far Eastern federal districts (2016–2018), the growth rate of cities does not depend on their initial size. Gibrat’s law was confirmed for the following indicators: population density in a city in 2009–2016 in the Siberian Federal District, in 2016–2018 in all federal districts, except for the North Caucasian Federal District; average annual number of employees in a city in the Southern (2003–2009, 2009–2016), Ural (2009–2016), Siberian (2009–2016), Northwestern (2016–2018), North Caucasian (2016–2018) and Far Eastern (2016–2018) federal districts; average monthly salary in the cities of the Siberian Federal District (2009–2016), in the Central, Northwestern and Ural Federal Districts (2016–2018); number of enterprises and organizations in the city in the Southern Federal District (2009–2016), in the North Caucasian, Volga, Ural and Siberian federal districts (2016–2018).

scholarly journals Parameters for evaluating the main indicators of coloproctological care in the adult population in the subjects of the far Eastern Federal District in 2016–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-250
Author(s):  
A. V. Veselov ◽  
V. V. Omelyanosvkiy ◽  
Yu. A. Shelygin ◽  
A. V. Vitko ◽  
V. N. Kashnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Threshold Parameter ◽  
Outpatient Consultation ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Staff Number ◽  
Objective Tool ◽  
Total Average

Aim. To work out the unified model for description of coloproctological service at the level of federal district.Material and methods. The study is the summary analysis of data from the annual statistical observation “The Report of the Chief Coloproctologist of the Russian Federal District” in 2016–2018. The analysis included the following stages: the estimation of staff situation; the assessment of the main parameters of out- and inpatient coloproctological care in 2018 in the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) and in its federal subjects.Results. Staff number of doctors in federal subjects of the FEFD did not change significantly in 2016-2018, it was 0.7 per 100 thousand population. An extremely low availability of outpatient consultation of coloproctologist in all federal subjects of FEFD was found (550.2 per 100 thousand population vs 3000 per 100 thousand population in Russian Federation). The incidence of colonoscopy is the lowest among all Federal Districts of Russia as well – 5.5%. A mean number of endoscopists is above 7.0 per 100 thousand population, which can be considered as the minimal threshold parameter. The total average staffing of endoscopists in the far Eastern Federal district was 86.0% in 2016, 87.3% – in 2017, 85.8% – in 2018. The staffing situation improved in Khabarovsk Territory and in Sakhalin Region while other federal subjects showed negative trend.Conclusion. The analyzed parameters can be considered as an objective tool for the assessment of coloproctological care efficacy. In the FEFD it needs further development.

scholarly journals Demographic changes in the Russian Siberia and the Far East in 1989-2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-236
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Dmochowski
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Demographic Changes ◽  
Siberian Federal District ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Far Eastern

AbstractDemographically, Siberia has been a remote and sparsely populated base of European Russia. The population of the Ural Federal District between 1989 and 2010 (within the borders of 2002) decreased by 0.45 million, Siberian Federal District by 4.90 million people and the Far Eastern Federal District by 1.65 million people. That is, the population of three federal districts decreased by 6.99 million people in just 21 years.In the years 2010-2019, the number of inhabitants of the Ural Federal District increased slightly from 12.08 million to 12.35 million people, i.e. by 0.27 million people. The population of the Siberian Federal District (within the borders of 2019) in the years 2010-2019 decreased by 0.004 million people. The number of inhabitants of the Far Eastern Federal District (within the borders of 2019) in the period 2010-2019 decreased by 0.18 million people.In total, in the years 2010-2019, the population of the three federal districts recorded a slight increase of 0.082 million people.

scholarly journals Scientific support of the rice growing industry of the agroindustrial complex of the Russian Federation in solving the problems of food security

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 05006
Author(s):  
Vugar Bagirov ◽  
Sergey Treshkin ◽  
Andrey Korobka ◽  
Fedor Dereka ◽  
Sergey Garkusha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Scientific Support ◽  
The World ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Agroindustrial Complex ◽  
Far Eastern

According to FAOSTAT, in 2018-2019 rice was planted in 118 countries on an area of 167 million hectares, the annual grain production in the world is about 782 million tons. Rice is the most popular cereal in the diet of the Russian consumer. Rice growing is a small but rather important branch of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation. The main rice producers in the world are China (over 214 million tons), India (over 172 million tons), Indonesia (83 million tons), Bangladesh (56 million tons), Vietnam (44 million tons), Thailand (32 million tons) and Myanmar (25 million tons). In the Russian Federation, rice is grown in three federal districts, in nine subjects: in the Southern Federal District - the Republic of Adygea, Kalmykia, Krasnodar, Astrakhan and Rostov Regions; North Caucasian Federal District - Republics of Dagestan and Chechen; Far Eastern Federal District - Primorsky Territory and the Jewish Autonomous Region. Scientific support of the rice-growing industry in the Russian Federation is carried out by the Federal Scientific Rice Centre.

scholarly journals Formation of indicators of sustainable development for the resource region: the Amur ecoregion

2021 ◽  
Vol 895 (1) ◽  
pp. 012004
Author(s):  
N E Antonova ◽  
N V Lomakina
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Relative Stability ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Scientific Significance ◽  
Far Eastern

Abstract The article discusses the formation and practical use of indicators for assessing the sustainability of development at the regional level. Using the example of the Amur ecoregion, we study the dynamics of some economic, social and environmental indicators in 2013-2019, their compliance with the objectives of the state policy for the accelerated development of the Far Eastern Federal District. It is shown that the result of the action of preferential regimes was the growth of resource industries in the structure of the economy of the Amur ecoregion. A certain decrease in the parameters of sustainability according to social indicators was revealed with positive dynamics of economic and relative stability of environmental indicators in the Amur ecoregion. The relevance and scientific significance of the development of methodological and methodological support for assessing socio-ecological-economic sustainability and the formation of its indicators for the regional level was confirmed.

scholarly journals EXPERT RISK ASSESSMENT OF FMD INTRODUCTION TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FROM INFECTED COUNTRIES

2018 ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
V. M. Gulenkin ◽  
A. K. Karaulov ◽  
D. A. Lozovoy ◽  
V. M. Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Susceptible Animal ◽  
The North ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Preventive Vaccination ◽  
Far Eastern

Predictive assessment of possible risks of FMD introduction from neighboring countries to the territory of eight RF Federal Districts was presented. The risk quantitative parameters were determined by experts, specialists in the field of FMD epidemiology. To implement the expert survey method most significant routes of infection introduction to the RF were determined. The experts performed FMD introduction risk assessment for each federal district and determined its score. As a result of statistical analysis the greatest probability was determined for the Far-Eastern Federal District. The North Caucasus and Siberian Federal Okrugs demonstrate lower probability. Basing on the obtained data the major routes of FMD introduction to the territory of the country were determined. Preventive vaccination of susceptible animal population is carried out in order to prevent FMD occurrence and spread in the zones at risk of its introduction. It is aimed at FMD outbreak prevention in the specified RF Subjects by inducing protective immunity in at least 81% of immunized cattle and at least 95% of immunized pigs.

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