scholarly journals ANABOLIC STEROID ABUSE AND CARDIOVASCULAR TOXICITY: CASE REPORT

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 326-328
Author(s):  
Oussama Hdioud ◽  
◽  
Benmessaoudfz MD ◽  
Doghmi Nawal MD ◽  
Oukerraj Latifa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Cardiovascular Toxicity ◽  
Steroid Abuse ◽  
Anabolic Steroid Abuse ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
High Level

Despite the development of tests for the detection of doping, Anabolic steroids, are still used to increase sports performance. Unfortunately, studies have clearly shown that overdose of anabolic steroids can induce serious cardiovascular complications that can be life-threatening. This implies the determining role of health professionals in informing the general population and athletes in particular about the lethal effect of these substances. We report the case of a young high-level athlete who consults for palpitations and in whom cardiac imaging reveals abnormalities related to chronic consumption of anabolic steroids.

Sentinel Effect of Drug Testing for Anabolic Steroid Abuse

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Fuentes ◽  
Art Davis ◽  
Barry Sample ◽  
Kim Jasper
Keyword(s):  
Anabolic Steroid ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Moral Significance ◽  
Steroid Abuse ◽  
Random Drug Testing ◽  
Anabolic Steroid Abuse ◽  
Counter Culture

George Will, the well-known pundit, once observed: “A society's recreation is charged with moral significance. Sport—and a society that takes it seriously—would be debased if it did not strictly forbid things that blur the distinction between the triumph of character and the triumph of chemistry.” In opposition, Dan Duchaine, the highly publicized “steroid guru” and counter-culture columnist, declared: “There comes a time for many in competitive athletics where winning is more important than those initial goals of health, recreation, and relaxation.” The parallels of these two philosophies to life in general are patent simply by substituting “sports” and “winning” for “career” and “success,” respectively.This paper will review the basis for banning anabolic steroids in athletics, and consider especially the recent medical findings that support this prohibition. This survey leads into a discussion of the available deterrents, and the secondary, but essential, role of random drug testing as a final safeguard.

scholarly journals Acute life-threatening cardiovascular toxicity with umbilical cord blood infusion: The role of dextran

2010 ◽  
Vol 85 (9) ◽  
pp. 722-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Ma ◽  
John M. Kwan ◽  
David D. Ma ◽  
Keith C. Fay
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Cardiovascular Toxicity ◽  
Life Threatening

Severe laryngitis following chronic anabolic steroid abuse

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ray ◽  
A Masood ◽  
J Pickles ◽  
I Moumoulidis
Keyword(s):  
Anabolic Steroid ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Male Smoker ◽  
Steroid Abuse ◽  
Anabolic Steroid Abuse ◽  
Professional Body ◽  
Body Builder

AbstractThe effects of anabolic steroids on the quality of voice have been well documented; however, no study has established significant structural changes in the larynx as a direct result of anabolic steroid use. We report a unique case of a 47-year-old male smoker and professional body builder who presented with progressive stridor and hoarseness following abuse of anabolic steroids over a period of two years. Conservative management failed to resolve his symptoms and a planned tracheostomy was performed to secure his airway. Subsequently he was treated with multiple laser resections and eventually decannulated. No case of severe laryngitis in association with anabolic steroid usage has been reported previously in the literature.

scholarly journals The prevalence of risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in persons with arterial hypertension exposed to occupational stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-544
Author(s):  
A. I. Telegina ◽  
R. A. Liferov ◽  
A. Ya. Fisun ◽  
R. G. Makiev ◽  
V. V. Gornov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Emotional Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Atherosclerotic Process ◽  
High Level

Based on the literature data and the results of their own research, the authors emphasize the importance of studying adverse effects of high emotional load during stress-induced hypertension and draw attention to the high prevalence of modifiable risk factors of cardiovascular disease among servicemen exposed to occupational stress. It has been shown that lifestyle of hypertensive subjects under heavy stress is characterized by irrational changes in eating behavior, high prevalence of smoking, increased alcohol consumption, and low physical activity. The leading role of long-term emotional stress was demonstrated as an independent risk factor of hypertension in servicemen exposed to long-term occupational psycho-emotional stress. Analysis of the intima-media complex thickness in brachiocephalic arteries, depending on the level of psychosocial stress demonstrated that the group of the examined servicemen with hypertension showed changes that might be due to the development of atherosclerotic process, the response to increased flow, and arterial wall tension at a high level of stress. These changes are unidirectional regardless of the duration of hypertension history. Results of evaluation of the overall risk of developing cardiovascular complications based on the SCORE scale in the servicemen with established and newly diagnosed hypertension under heavy stress suggest its enhancement in the next 10 years which makes necessary implementation of a system of measures for preventing and correcting pathological conditions caused by stressful loads. Stratification of risk factors is essential for early diagnosis of hypertension and the choice of adequate therapy in subjects undergoing high psycho-emotional stress.

Anabolic Steroid Abuse and Cardiac Sudden Death

2001 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Fineschi ◽  
Giorgio Baroldi ◽  
Floriana Monciotti ◽  
Laura Paglicci Reattelli ◽  
Emanuela Turillazzi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Myocardial Infarct ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Myocardial Contraction ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Steroid Abuse ◽  
Vascular Regulation ◽  
Anabolic Steroid Abuse ◽  
Androgenic Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Cardiac Sudden Death

Abstract Context.—Androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS) used for improving physical performance have been considered responsible for acute myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. Objective.—To establish the relationship between AAS and cardiac death. Design.—Case report. Patients.—Two young, healthy, male bodybuilders using AAS. Main Outcome Measures.—Pathologic cardiac findings associated with AAS ingestion. Results.—The autopsy revealed normal coronary arteries. In one case, we documented a typical infarct with a histologic age of 2 weeks. A segmentation of myocardial cells at the intercalated disc level was observed in the noninfarcted region. This segmentation was the only anomaly detected in the second case. No other pathologic findings in the heart or other organs were found. Urine in both subjects contained the metabolites of nortestosterone and stanozolol. Comment.—A myocardial infarct without vascular lesions is rare. To our knowledge, its association with AAS use, bodybuilding, or both lacks any evidence of a cause-effect relationship. The histologic findings in our 2 cases and in the few others reported in medical literature are nonspecific and do not prove the cardiac toxicity of AAS. A better understanding of AAS action on the neurogenic control of the cardiac function in relation to regional myocardial contraction and vascular regulation is required.

Glucocorticoid-induced cardiomyopathy: unexpected conclusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. e237173
Author(s):  
Taha Sheikh ◽  
Hina Shuja ◽  
Syeda Ramsha Zaidi ◽  
Ayema Haque
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Anabolic Steroid ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
The Body ◽  
Symptomatic Heart Failure ◽  
Steroid Abuse ◽  
Anabolic Steroid Abuse

Glucocorticoid excess is an under-recognised cause of cardiovascular adverse effects. The sources can be either endogenous (Cushing’s syndrome) or exogenous (Anabolic steroid abuse). Cardiovascular complications due to excess glucocorticoid includes hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. Although anabolic steroid-induced cardiomyopathy is a well-recognised phenomenon, endogenous corticosteroid-induced cardiomyopathy and heart failure are rarely reported sequelae of glucocorticoid excess in the body. We report a glucocorticoid-induced dilated cardiomyopathy in a 26-year-old African–American man with cushingoid features and symptomatic heart failure.

scholarly journals Role of the Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone and Kinin–Kallikrein Systems in the Cardiovascular Complications of COVID-19 and Long COVID

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8255
Author(s):  
Samantha L. Cooper ◽  
Eleanor Boyle ◽  
Sophie R. Jefferson ◽  
Calum R. A. Heslop ◽  
Pirathini Mohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
S Protein ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Major Route ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
The Impact

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients may present as asymptomatic or demonstrate mild to severe and life-threatening symptoms. Although COVID-19 has a respiratory focus, there are major cardiovascular complications (CVCs) associated with infection. The reported CVCs include myocarditis, heart failure, arrhythmias, thromboembolism and blood pressure abnormalities. These occur, in part, because of dysregulation of the Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System (RAAS) and Kinin–Kallikrein System (KKS). A major route by which SARS-CoV-2 gains cellular entry is via the docking of the viral spike (S) protein to the membrane-bound angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The roles of ACE2 within the cardiovascular and immune systems are vital to ensure homeostasis. The key routes for the development of CVCs and the recently described long COVID have been hypothesised as the direct consequences of the viral S protein/ACE2 axis, downregulation of ACE2 and the resulting damage inflicted by the immune response. Here, we review the impact of COVID-19 on the cardiovascular system, the mechanisms by which dysregulation of the RAAS and KKS can occur following virus infection and the future implications for pharmacological therapies.

scholarly journals Macrophages and Foam Cells: Brief Overview of Their Role, Linkage, and Targeting Potential in Atherosclerosis

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1221
Author(s):  
Anastasia V. Poznyak ◽  
Nikita G. Nikiforov ◽  
Antonina V. Starodubova ◽  
Tatyana V. Popkova ◽  
Alexander N. Orekhov
Keyword(s):  
Foam Cell ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Foam Cells ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Foam Cell Formation ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Promising Target ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Atherosclerosis Development

Atherosclerosis is still one of the main causes of death around the globe. This condition leads to various life-threatening cardiovascular complications. However, no effective preventive measures are known apart from lifestyle corrections, and no cure has been developed. Despite numerous studies in the field of atherogenesis, there are still huge gaps in already poor understanding of mechanisms that underlie the disease. Inflammation and lipid metabolism violations are undoubtedly the key players, but many other factors, such as oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. This overview is focusing on the role of macrophages in atherogenesis, which are at the same time a part of the inflammatory response, and also tightly linked to the foam cell formation, thus taking part in both crucial for atherogenesis processes. Being essentially involved in atherosclerosis development, macrophages and foam cells have attracted attention as a promising target for therapeutic approaches.

5. Anabolic Steroids — The Drugs That Give and Take Away Manhood. A Case with an Unusual Physical Sign

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Stanley ◽  
M Ward
Keyword(s):  
Anabolic Steroid ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Physical Sign ◽  
Steroid Abuse ◽  
Anabolic Steroid Abuse ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Body Builder

A case is presented in which the abuse of anabolic steroids by a body builder led to an unusual physical sign. The case discusses the effects that anabolic steroid abuse can have upon manhood. The frequency of anabolic steroid misuse is increasing. The implications of this with respect to psychiatric illness and violent crime are discussed. It is well known that the use of anabolic steroids among young men, body builders in particular, is growing apace (Perry and Littlepage, 1992), and they may be aware of the risks of impurity and contamination. There is a wide range of anabolic steroids in use; they are often used in doses of greater than lmg/kg per day. As well as single use, the misuser may ‘stack’ (use more than one at a time) or ‘pyramid’ (use increasing doses of a given drug) the steroids (Kennedy, 1990). The physical and psychiatric effects of anabolic steroids are well known (Kashkin and Kleber, 1989; Brower, 1992; Pope and Katz, 1988). However, we describe a case with psychiatric symptoms, a violent outburst and a unique (?) physical sign.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Sport Research: An Introduction for Non-data Scientists

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Chmait ◽  
Hans Westerbeek
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Business Analytics ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Sports Industry ◽  
High Level ◽  
Academic Sector

In the last two decades, artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed the way in which we consume and analyse sports. The role of AI in improving decision-making and forecasting in sports, amongst many other advantages, is rapidly expanding and gaining more attention in both the academic sector and the industry. Nonetheless, for many sports audiences, professionals and policy makers, who are not particularly au courant or experts in AI, the connexion between artificial intelligence and sports remains fuzzy. Likewise, for many, the motivations for adopting a machine learning (ML) paradigm in sports analytics are still either faint or unclear. In this perspective paper, we present a high-level, non-technical, overview of the machine learning paradigm that motivates its potential for enhancing sports (performance and business) analytics. We provide a summary of some relevant research literature on the areas in which artificial intelligence and machine learning have been applied to the sports industry and in sport research. Finally, we present some hypothetical scenarios of how AI and ML could shape the future of sports.

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