The prevalence of risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in persons with arterial hypertension exposed to occupational
stress

Based on the literature data and the results of their own research, the authors emphasize the importance of studying adverse effects of high emotional load during stress-induced hypertension and draw attention to the high prevalence of modifiable risk factors of cardiovascular disease among servicemen exposed to occupational stress. It has been shown that lifestyle of hypertensive subjects under heavy stress is characterized by irrational changes in eating behavior, high prevalence of smoking, increased alcohol consumption, and low physical activity. The leading role of long-term emotional stress was demonstrated as an independent risk factor of hypertension in servicemen exposed to long-term occupational psycho-emotional stress. Analysis of the intima-media complex thickness in brachiocephalic arteries, depending on the level of psychosocial stress demonstrated that the group of the examined servicemen with hypertension showed changes that might be due to the development of atherosclerotic process, the response to increased flow, and arterial wall tension at a high level of stress. These changes are unidirectional regardless of the duration of hypertension history. Results of evaluation of the overall risk of developing cardiovascular complications based on the SCORE scale in the servicemen with established and newly diagnosed hypertension under heavy stress suggest its enhancement in the next 10 years which makes necessary implementation of a system of measures for preventing and correcting pathological conditions caused by stressful loads. Stratification of risk factors is essential for early diagnosis of hypertension and the choice of adequate therapy in subjects undergoing high psycho-emotional stress.

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Practical recommendations for prevention of development and progression of hypertension among the flight personnel of the Russian Aerospace forces

Vestnik of Russian military medical Academy ◽

10.17816/brmma62796 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 8-11

Author(s):

D. V. Trishkin ◽

A. M. Schegol’kov ◽

R. G. Makiev ◽

A. Ya. Fisun ◽

V. S. Polovinka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Early Development ◽

Military Service ◽

Armed Forces ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

Total Risk ◽

Professional Stress ◽

High Prevalence ◽

High Level ◽

Practical Recommendations

The article substantiates the relevance of studying the problem of early development and progression of hypertension among the flight personnel of the Russian Aerospace forces. The article analyzes the incidence of hypertension among aircrew in comparison with the incidence in the Armed forces and the population of the country. The article considers the most significant signs of early development and course of hypertension, which lead to early disqualification from flight work for medical reasons. The total risk of developing cardiovascular complications is assessed on the scale for assessing the risk of fatal cardiovascular disease over 10 years in the examined individuals with previously established and newly detected arterial hypertension and high levels of stress. Attention is drawn to the high prevalence of modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular pathology among the examined individuals against the background of occupational stress. It was found that people with diagnosed hypertension under the influence of a high level of professional stress are characterized by irrational changes in eating behavior, high prevalence of Smoking, increased alcohol consumption and low physical activity. In addition, stress-induced hypertension indicates a high risk of developing cardiovascular complications in the next 10 years and necessitates additional expansion of the range of measures for its prevention and correction. Practical recommendations for preventing the development and progression of hypertension among the flight personnel of the Russian Aerospace forces are presented. These recommendations are based on the analysis of the incidence of hypertension in flight personnel at the present stage, as well as the identified risk factors for developing hypertension, taking into account the specifics of flight work and conditions of military service of these specialists.

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Effect of Genetic-Environmental Interaction on Chinese Childhood Myopia

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2020/6308289 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Xiyan Zhang ◽

Yan Wang ◽

Chenwei Pan ◽

Wenyi Yang ◽

Yao Xiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Environmental Interaction ◽

Adjusted Risk ◽

Leading Role ◽

Adjusted Risk Ratio ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

High Level

Objective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of genetic-environmental interaction on myopia in Chinese children aged 6 to 9 years. Methods. Students had the physical examination and were required to provide basic demographic information. Their families were asked to fill in a questionnaire concerning factors related to myopia. Multiple regression analysis was performed, and adjusted risk ratio values were calculated to assess the role between gene and environment. Value of the environmental and genetic index (EGI) was calculated to demonstrate the effect of genetic-environmental interaction on myopia. Results. The prevalence of myopia maintained at a high level. EGI was calculated as 0.125 suggesting that genetic factors may play the 12.5% role in the formation of myopia and environmental factors may play a role of 87.5% in the formation of myopia. Conclusions. For young pupils aged 6 to 9 years, myopia prevalence maintained at a high level, and duration of homework time and staring at electronic screen were the strongest factors associated with myopia. The calculated value of EGI was low, which suggests that environmental factors may play the leading role in the formation of myopia. A long-term follow-up research to improve the accuracy value of EGI is our next job.

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Revisiting Konzo Risk Factors in Three Areas Differently Affected by Spastic Paraparesis in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo Discloses a Prominent Role of the Nutritional Status—A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13082628 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 2628

Author(s):

Marius Baguma ◽

Espoir Bwenge Malembaka ◽

Esto Bahizire ◽

Germain Zabaday Mudumbi ◽

Dieudonné Bahati Shamamba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Democratic Republic ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cyanide Poisoning ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Republic Of The Congo

This comparative cross-sectional study aimed to better understand the respective contributions of protein malnutrition and cassava-derived cyanide poisoning in the development of konzo. We compared data on nutritional status and cyanide exposure of school-age adolescent konzo-diseased patients to those of non-konzo subjects of similar age from three areas in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Our results show that konzo patients had a high prevalence of both wasting (54.5%) and stunting (72.7%), as well as of cyanide poisoning (81.8%). Controls from Burhinyi and those from Idjwi showed a similar profile with a low prevalence of wasting (3.3% and 6.5%, respectively) and intermediate prevalence of stunting (26.7% and 23.9%, respectively). They both had a high prevalence of cyanide poisoning (50.0% and 63.0%, respectively), similar to konzo-patients. On the other hand, controls from Bukavu showed the lowest prevalence of both risk factors, namely chronic malnutrition (12.1%) and cyanide poisoning (27.6%). In conclusion, cassava-derived cyanide poisoning does not necessarily coexist with konzo outbreaks. The only factor differentiating konzo patients from healthy individuals exposed to cyanide poisoning appeared to be their worse nutritional status. This further suggests that, besides the known role of cyanide poisoning in the pathogenesis of konzo, malnutrition may be a key factor for the disease occurrence.

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Dynamics of intravital concentration of amino acid metabolites in human brain in post-traumatic period

Доклады Академии наук ◽

10.31857/s0869-56524842238-242 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 484 (2) ◽

pp. 238-242

Author(s):

N. A. Semenova ◽

P. E. Menshchikov ◽

A. V. Manzhurtsev ◽

M. V. Ublinskiy ◽

T. A. Akhadov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Human Brain ◽

Leading Role ◽

Acid Metabolites ◽

Post Traumatic ◽

First Time

Intracellular concentrations of N acetyaspartate (NAA), aspartate (Asp) and glutamate (Glu) were determined for the first time in human brain in vivo, and the effect of severe traumatic brain injury on NAA synthesis in acute and late post-traumatic period was investigated. In MRI‑negative frontal lobes one day after injury Asp and Glu levels were found to decrease by 45 and 35%, respectively, while NAA level decreased by only 16%. A negative correlation between NAA concentration and the ratio of Asp/Glu concentrations was found. In the long-term period, Glu level returned to normal, Asp level remained below normal by 60%, NAA level was reduced by 65% relative to normal, and Asp/Glu ratio significantly decreased. The obtained results revealed leading role of the neuronal aspartate-malate shuttle in violation of NAA synthesis.

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Long-term evaluation of renal toxicity after peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with 90Y-DOTATOC and 177Lu-DOTATATE: the role of associated risk factors

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging ◽

10.1007/s00259-008-0914-y ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 35 (10) ◽

pp. 1928-1928 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lisa Bodei ◽

Marta Cremonesi ◽

Mahila Ferrari ◽

Monica Pacifici ◽

Chiara M. Grana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Radionuclide Therapy ◽

Renal Toxicity ◽

Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy ◽

Peptide Receptor ◽

Term Evaluation ◽

Associated Risk Factors

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Venous Thromboembolic Diseases

The Brigham Intensive Review of Internal Medicine ◽

10.1093/med/9780199358274.003.0034 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 346-355

Author(s):

Gregory Piazza ◽

Samuel Z. Goldhaber

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

High Risk ◽

Risk Stratification ◽

Laboratory Testing ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Venous Thromboembolic ◽

Long Term Consequences ◽

Practical Recommendations

This chapter reviews the pathophysiology of VTE, including its risk factors and long-term consequences. Diagnostic algorithms that integrate clinical findings, laboratory testing, and imaging are described. The role of risk stratification for identification of high-risk PE patients is highlighted. Options for the management of VTE are reviewed. Finally, practical recommendations for the prevention of VTE are provided.

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Ecology of Francisella tularensis

Annual Review of Entomology ◽

10.1146/annurev-ento-011019-025134 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 351-372 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sam R. Telford ◽

Heidi K. Goethert

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Francisella Tularensis ◽

Vector Borne Disease ◽

Human Risk ◽

Vector Borne ◽

Enzootic Cycle

Tularemia is a Holarctic zoonosis caused by the gamma proteobacterium Francisella tularensis and is considered to be a vector-borne disease. In many regions, human risk is associated with the bites of flies, mosquitoes, or ticks. But the biology of the agent is such that risk may be fomite related, and large outbreaks can occur due to inhalation or ingestion of contaminated materials. Such well-documented human risk factors suggest a role for these risk factors in the enzootic cycle as well. Many arthropods support the growth or survival of the agent, but whether arthropods (ticks in particular) are obligately required for the perpetuation of F. tularensis remains to be demonstrated. As with most zoonoses, our knowledge of the ecology of F. tularensis has been driven with the objective of understanding human risk. In this review, we focus on the role of the arthropod in maintaining F. tularensis, particularly with respect to long-term enzootic persistence.

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A Nonaligned Business World: The Global Socialist Enterprise between Self-Management and Transnational Capitalism

Nationalities Papers ◽

10.1017/nps.2020.27 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Ljubica Spaskovska ◽

Anna Calori

Keyword(s):

Global Economy ◽

Western Europe ◽

Public Enterprise ◽

Self Management ◽

Soviet Bloc ◽

Business World ◽

Socialist Enterprise ◽

Leading Role

Abstract This article explores the role of Yugoslav self-managed corporations in the global economy, with a particular attention to the late socialist period (1976–1991). Guided by a vision of a long-term integration of the Yugoslav economy into the international division of labor on the basis of equality and mutual interest, by the late 1970s the country’s foreign trade and hard currency revenue was boosted by a number of globally oriented corporate entities, some of which survived the demise of socialism and the dissolution of the country. These enterprises had a leading role as the country’s principal exporters and as the fulcrum of a web of economic contacts and exchanges between the Global South, Western Europe, and the Soviet Bloc. The article seeks to fill a historiographic gap by focusing on two major Yugoslav enterprises (Energoinvest and Pelagonija) that were based in the less-developed federal republics—Bosnia-Herzegovina and Macedonia. The article also investigates the transnational flow of ideas around the so-called “public enterprise,” its embeddedness in an interdependent global economy, and its visions for equitable development. Finally, the article explores these enterprises as enablers of social mobility and welfare, as well as spaces where issues of efficiency, planning, self-reliance, and self-management were negotiated.

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Investigating sponsor decision-making: the role of schema theory, agency conflicts, and signaling theory in the persistence of naming rights agreements

International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship ◽

10.1108/ijsms-06-2019-0067 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 467-486 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jonathan A. Jensen ◽

David Head ◽

Christopher Mergy

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Schema Theory ◽

Agency Conflicts ◽

Data Set ◽

Content Type ◽

Naming Rights ◽

High Level ◽

Sport Facilities

PurposeNaming rights sponsorships of sport facilities are among the most highly visible marketing agreements in the world. However, factors that may lead one sponsorship to persist for decades, while others end after just a few years, have yet to be investigated. Thus, this study examines the decision-making of brand marketers by investigating the predictors of a sponsoring brand's decision to either continue or dissolve such agreements.Design/methodology/approachUtilizing a global data set of 219 naming rights agreements, an empirical approach is utilized to isolate whether a variety of factors increase or decrease the probability of sponsorship dissolution.FindingsResults indicate that agreements entered into with new, as of yet-unnamed facilities lead to a reduction in the probability of dissolution, with a high level of brand equity also reducing the probability of dissolution. Agency conflicts may also play a role, as the sponsoring firm being headquartered in the same metropolitan area as the facility also contributes to the persistence of such agreements.Originality/valueThese results are intended to assist both sides of what is ideally a long-term relationship in better understanding the factors that may either contribute to or inhibit longer-term partnerships.

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