Retranslocation of nutrients in coffee leaves of cultivars Red Catuaí IAC 144 and IAC 125 RN

Knowledge of the retranslocation of nutrients in plants can help in the management of coffee fertilization, especially with regard to the ideal time and method of application and the need for installments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the retranslocation of nutrients in coffee leaves of two varieties. The treatments consisted of two varieties of coffee (Red Catuaí IAC 144 and IAC 125 RN) and coffee leaves in four phenological stages (young leaves, diagnostic, senescent and deciduous). The index leaf of Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144 showed the highest photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance, while the internal conductance of CO2 was higher in young and senescent leaves, and the index and senescent leaves showed the highest efficiencies in the use of water. The chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll has higher concentrations in the index leaf, while the highest carotenoids occurred in young and senescent leaves. The highest levels of N, P, K and Zn in Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144 was occurred in young leaves and the highest Ca and Fe in senescent leaves. The highest levels of N, P and K in the IAC 125 RN variety was occurred in young leaves, Ca and Mg in deciduous leaves and S in senescent and deciduous leaves. Nutrients with low mobility in the plant must be parceled, the application of Zn leaves is an alternative method of supplying this nutrient, as it has retranslocation via phloem

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Effect of Flavone from Forestry Waste C.Cathayensis Exocarp on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Crops

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.2365 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 550-553 ◽

pp. 2365-2368

Author(s):

Xiang Ming Chen

Keyword(s):

Stomatal Conductance ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Photosynthetic Rate ◽

Transpiration Rate ◽

Rate Increase ◽

Co2 Concentration ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Photosynthesis Efficiency ◽

Seedling Leaf ◽

Intercellular Co2

Using six kinds of concentration (ranged from 0.0 to 2.0mg.L-1) of flavone extract from C.cathayensis exocarp treats corn, soybean, wheat and mung bean seedlings, in order to study the photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 on the seedling leaf. Results show that effects of flavone extract (0.1-0.5mg.L-1) increase content of the chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll, promote photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, proper increase cell gap inside the CO2 concentration.0.1mg.L-1 treatment effect is the most obvious compare with the control, the total chlorophyll and photosynthetic rate increase by 20.9 % and 21% respectively; More than 0.5mg.L-1, the chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate decrease, the intercellular CO2 rapid increase. Research shows that, the appropriate concentration of flavone can increase the chlorophyll content in the leaf, promote stomatal opening, increase of intracellular CO2 supply, improve leaf photosynthesis efficiency.

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Konsentrasi Klorofil pada Beberapa Varietas Tanaman Puring (Codiaeum varigatum L.)

Jurnal MIPA ◽

10.35799/jm.5.2.2016.12964 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 76

Author(s):

Yelni Gogahu ◽

Song Ai Nio ◽

Parluhutan Siahaan

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll A ◽

The Other ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Green Pigment ◽

Chlorophyll Contents ◽

Young Leaves ◽

Different Color ◽

Color Pigment

Tanaman puring memiliki varietas yang sangat banyak dan terdapat sekitar 260 varietas puring yang ada di Indonesia. Puring merupakan tanaman yang memiliki warna dan bentuk daun yang beragam seperti kuning, hijau, merah dan coklat sehingga tanaman puring dimanfaatkan sebagai tanaman hias warna-warni tersebut disebabkan karena adanya bermacam-macam pigmen warna didalam daun. Dalam proses fotosintesis klorofil atau pigmen hijau daun sangat diperlukan sehingga setiap daun sangat membutuhkan klorofil. Belum ada data yang menunjukkan apakah perbedaan dominansi warna pigmen daun juga mengandung perbedaan kandungan klorofilnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji pengaruh perbedaan warna daun pada 9 varietas dan perbedaan umur tanaman terhadap kandungan klorofil tanaman puring (puring cobra, puring spageti lokal, puring bor merah, puring jengkol, puring jempol, puring jet merah, puring kura-kura moncolor, puring bor cristata, puring lele) dan perbedaan umur daun tanaman terhadap kandungan klorofilnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daun pada umur 3 bulan kandungan klorofilnya sama pada semua varietas baik kandungan konsentrasi klorofil total, klorofil a maupun klorofil b. Pada 3 varietas (puring cobra, puring spageti lokal dan puring bor merah) daun yang telah berumur 8 bulan mengandung konsentrasi klorofil total dan klorofil a yang berbeda antara daun muda dan daun tua sedangkan konsentrasi korofil b tidak berbeda pada semua varietas.Croton plants has so many varieties. Around 260 varieties of Croton plants are found in Indonesia. Croton plant is a plant with various color leaves such as yellow, green, red and brown which make Croton plant is used to be a house-plant. Those colors exist because of many color pigment in leaf. Every leaf needs chlorophyll or green pigment in photosynthesis process. There is no data that shows different color leaves contain different amount of chlorophyll. This research is done in order to find out the effects of difference in color leaves and plants age towards chlorophyll contents in Croton plants (puring cobra, puring spageti lokal, puring bor merah, puring jengkol, puring jempol, puring jet merah, puring kura-kura moncolor, puring bor cristata, puring lele) and different leaves age towards chlorophyll contents. The results showed that the leaf at the age of 3 months has the same chlorophyll contents whether in total chlorophyll, a chlorophyll ad b chlorophyll with the other varieties. The leaf in the age of 8 months in 3 varieties (puring cobra, puring spageti lokal dan puring bor merah) contains different consentration of total chlorophyll and a chlorophyll between young leaves and older leaves while the concentration of b chlorophyll does not differ at all varieties.

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Stomatal Conductance of Cowpea Submitted to Different Hydric Regimes in Castanhal, Pará, Brazil

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v8i2.15628 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 138

Author(s):

Deborah Luciany Pires Costa ◽

Amanda Yoko Takaki ◽

Vivian Dielly Da Silva Farias ◽

Erika De Oliveira Teixeira ◽

Hildo Giuseppe Garcia Caldas Nunes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Stomatal Conductance ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Water Depth ◽

Crop Evapotranspiration ◽

Phenological Stages ◽

Reproductive Phase ◽

Northern Brazil ◽

Atmospheric Variables ◽

The Ideal

Cowpea is a culture of great socioeconomic relevance for northern Brazil, but the knowledge about technology that increases productivity, such as irrigation, is still incipient. The objective of this work was to evaluate the stomatal conductance (gs) of cowpea, in different hydric availabilities, Castanhal-PA. For this, it was planted the cv. BR3 Tracuauteua was planted in 0.5 ha in the year 2013, in the center of this area was instrummented a micrometeorological tower for measurements of atmospheric variables. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with 4 treatments, which were: 0%, 25%, 50% and 100% of the water slide as a function of crop evapotranspiration. The treatments started in the reproductive phase. The gs readings were performed at different phenological stages through a porometer, the data were subjected to analysis of variance (Tukey, p < 0.05). In the reproductive phase, the lowest gs values were found in the 0% 0% of ETc, which were 141.08 and 186.80 mmol m-2 s-1, respectively, in the R7 and R8 stages. In contrast, the highest values were observed in T100%, 777.76 mmol m-2 s-1 (R7) and 754.50 mmol m-2 s-1. The ideal water depth for cowpea stage R7 was 25% of ETc, whereas from R8, the ideal water depth was 50% of crop evapotranspiration.

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Ozone effects on grafted mature and juvenile red spruce: photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll concentration

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x93-063 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 450-456 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Joanne Rebbeck ◽

Keith F. Jensen ◽

Michael S. Greenwood

Keyword(s):

Stomatal Conductance ◽

Surface Area ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Chlorophyll Concentration ◽

Net Photosynthesis ◽

Red Spruce ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Specific Leaf Weight ◽

Open Top Chambers ◽

Species Response

Red spruce (Picearubens Sarg.) was grown as grafted mature and juvenile scions in open-top chambers and exposed to charcoal-filtered air, nonfiltered air, and nonfiltered air with ozone additions of either 75 or 150 ppb above ambient to determine if tissue age affects the species response to oxidant pollution as measured by photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll concentration. After 18 weeks of exposure to ozone of concentrations as high as 170 ppb (nonfiltered air + 150 ppb ozone) in an 8-h period, net photosynthesis of grafted red spruce was reduced by ozone. Significant reductions were not observed until September 1988. Mature and juvenile scions grown in nonfiltered air + 150 ppb ozone showed 29 and 40% reductions, respectively, in mean seasonal net photosynthesis (mg CO2•g dry wt.−1•h−1) compared with those plants grown in nonfiltered air. Scion age had a significant effect on net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance. Net photosynthesis (mg CO2•g dry wt.−1•h−1) and stomatal conductance were 38 and 47% higher, respectively, in juvenile than in mature scions. Chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll concentration of juvenile scion needles were significantly reduced 19 and 24%, respectively, when grown in nonfiltered air + 150 ppb ozone compared with that grown in charcoal-filtered air (p < 0.01). Mature scions had significantly more chlorophyll a than juvenile scions in October 1988. Current-year needles collected from mature scions had significantly greater mass, length, one-sided projected surface area, width, and thickness than juvenile scions. Mature scions had significantly lower needle numbers per centimetre branch than did juvenile scions. No differences in specific leaf weight were observed. Mature scions had less ozone uptake than did juvenile scions.

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Effects of Clone and Irrigation on the Stomatal Conductance and Photosynthetic Rate of Tea (Camellia sinensis)

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479700023802 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 1-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

B. Gail Smith ◽

Paul J. Burgess ◽

M. K. V. Carr

Keyword(s):

Stomatal Conductance ◽

Camellia Sinensis ◽

Photosynthetic Rate ◽

Leaf Temperature ◽

Temperature Optimum ◽

Photosynthetic Rates ◽

Clone Selection ◽

Treatment Interaction ◽

Dry Seasons ◽

The Relationship

SummaryStomatal conductances (g) and photosynthetic rates (A) were monitored in six tea clones planted in a clone X irrigation experiment in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania. Measurements were made during the warm dry seasons of 1989 and 1990. There was no genotype X treatment interaction in the response in A or g of the various clones to irrigation. Irrigation increased A more than it increased g. Irrigation also increased the temperature optimum for photosynthesis and decreased photo-inhibition at high illuminance. Clones differed in g and A, and in the relationship between leaf temperature and A. The implications of these findings for clone selection are discussed.

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Leaf Temperature and Vapour Pressure Deficit (VPD) Driving Stomatal Conductance and Biochemical Processes of Leaf Photosynthetic Rate in a Subtropical Evergreen Coniferous Plantation

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su10114063 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 4063 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yue Li ◽

Lei Zhou ◽

Shaoqiang Wang ◽

Yonggang Chi ◽

Jinghua Chen

Keyword(s):

Stomatal Conductance ◽

Photosynthetic Rate ◽

Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽

Leaf Temperature ◽

Slash Pine ◽

Seasonal Patterns ◽

Subtropical China ◽

Biochemical Processes ◽

Leaf Photosynthetic Rate ◽

Positive Effect

Photosynthesis is arguably the most important biochemical process on Earth, which is dramatically influenced by environmental conditions. How environmental factors drive stomatal conductance and biochemical processes of leaf photosynthetic rate has not been sufficiently investigated in subtropical China. In this study, we analysed the effects of stomatal and biochemical parameters on the photosynthetic rate of native Masson’s pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) and exotic slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) in response to leaf temperature and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) in subtropical China, based on leaf gas exchange measurements in 2016. Our results showed that there was no significant difference in the light-saturated photosynthetic rate (Asat) between native Masson’s pine and exotic slash pine. The seasonal patterns of maximum rate of the carboxylation (Vcmax25) were basically consistent with seasonal patterns of Asat for both species. The positive effect of leaf temperature on Asat was mainly produced through its positive effect on Vcmax25. Leaf temperature had no significant effect on stomatal conductance. Vcmax25 and gs simultaneously affected Asat in response to VPD. Our results highlighted the importance of biochemical processes in limiting leaf photosynthetic rate in response to environmental conditions in subtropical evergreen coniferous plantations.

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Dust Pollution Reduced Stomatal Conductance and Photosynthetic Pigments of Selected Medicinal Plants Growing at Lokpa Ukwu Quarry Site in Abia State, Nigeria

Annual Research & Review in Biology ◽

10.9734/arrb/2019/v34i630173 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

C. E. Ogbonna ◽

F. I. Nwafor ◽

N. O. Nweze

Keyword(s):

Stomatal Conductance ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Photosynthetic Pigments ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Dust Pollution ◽

Standard Procedures ◽

Maximum Conductance ◽

Clearing Method ◽

Β Carotene

Aims: We investigated the influence of dust pollution on stomatal conductance and photosynthetic pigments in some medicinal plants growing at Lokpa Ukwu quarry site, Abia State, Nigeria. Place and Duration of Study: Samples were collected from Lokpa Ukwu, Abia State while laboratory analyses were carried out in the Department of Pharmacognosy and Environmental Medicines, University of Nigeria, Nsukka between February and April, 2019. Methodology: A total of nine (9) plants were sampled for the study. Leaf epidermises were prepared by clearing method and stomata were observed and studied quantitatively. Stomatal conductance was estimated from the anatomical variables following standard procedures. Total chlorophyll and β-carotene contents were also analysed and compared with control groups. Results: We observed some physiological changes in the plants from dust-polluted site such as stretched epidermal cells, deformed stomata and plasmolysed guard cells. It reduced the potential conductance indices (PCI) of the plants by 87.4% in Aspilia africana and 67% in Chromolaena odorata. The least reduction in PCI was observed in Celosia trigyna (7.2%). Operating conductance (gop) and maximum conductance (gmax) were reduced by 69.2% and 72.3% in C. odorata and A. africana respectively. Celosia trigyna was least affected with percentage reductions of 18.3% and 1.4% for gop and gmax respectively. Reduction in PCI and gmax followed the order: C. trigyna ˂ C. papaya ˂ P. discoideus ˂ D. oliveri ˂ T. rhomboidea ˂ T. orientalis ˂ V. doniana ˂ C. odorata ˂ A. africana. Total chlorophyll and β-carotene contents were reduced the most in V. doniana (45.73%) and C. odorata (40.31%) respectively and least reduced in T. orientalis by 19.54% and 13.24% respectively. Conclusion: Our findings validate previous reports of negative effects of dust pollution from quarry industries on both humans and plants alike.

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Response of in vitro Cultured Palm Oil Seedling Under Saline Condition to Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density

Annals of Tropical Research ◽

10.32945/atr3413.2012 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 52-64

Author(s):

Pet Roey Pascual ◽

Krienkai Mosaleeyanon ◽

Kanokwan Romyanon ◽

Chalermpol Kirdmanee

Keyword(s):

Stomatal Conductance ◽

Net Photosynthetic Rate ◽

Elevated Co2 ◽

Photosynthetic Rate ◽

Transpiration Rate ◽

Pigment Contents ◽

Salinity Levels ◽

Oil Palms ◽

Ambient Co2

Salt stress elicits various physiological and growth responses of oil palm. A laboratory experiment was conducted to determine the responses of oil palms cultured in vitro under varying salinity levels (0, 85.5, 171.11, 342.21 and 684.43 mM NaCl) to elevated CO2 (1000 μmol CO2/mol) and PPFD (100±5 μmol m-2s-1) in terms of growth characteristics, pigment contents and photosynthetic abilities. After 14 days of culture, net photosynthetic rate (μmol CO2 m-2s-1) of oil palms across varying salinity levels was 5.33 times higher than those cultured under ambient CO, (380±100 Mmol CO2/mol) and PPFD (50±5 μmol m-2s -1). At increased net photosynthetic rate (elevated CO2 and PPFD), despite having no significant difference in pigment contents (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid) between different CO2 and PPFD levels, dry weight and percent dry matter were 0.26 and 0.11 times higher, respectively, as compared to those cultured under ambient CO2 and PPFD. In the same elevated CO2 and PPFD level, across all salinity levels, stomatal conductance was 0.30 times lower than those cultured under ambient CO2 and PPFD. At reduced stomatal conductance (elevated CO2 and PPFD), transpiration rate was also reduced by 0.30 times. Thus with increased net photosynthetic rate and reduced transpiration rate, water use efficiency was increased by 7.22 times, across all salinity levels, than those cultured at ambient CO2 and PPFD. These were considered essential for NaCl produces iso-osmotic stress.

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Chlorophyll Content in Leaves of Wheat as Influenced by Inorganic, Organic and Integrated Sources of Nutrient Application

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science ◽

10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i230412 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 31-45

Author(s):

Megha Vishwakarma ◽

P. S. Kulhare ◽

G. S. Tagore

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Winter Season ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Pooled Data ◽

Spad Value

Field experiments were conducted during winter season of 2018-19 and 2019-20 with three sources of nutrient viz., inorganic, organics (FYM, VC and biofertilizers) and their integration as main treatments and five levels [S1-0 (0-0-0 kg NPK ha-1), S2-100% (120-60-40 kg NPK ha-1), S3-150% (180-90-60 kg NPK ha-1), S4-200% (240-120-80 kg NPK ha-1) and S5-Soil Test based (STV) NPK i.e. 149-176-33 kg ha-1 in split plot design with three replications. The chlorophyll content (‘a’, ‘b’ and total) in leaves and Soil Plant Analyzer Development (SPAD) value were recorded at crown root initiation (CRI), tillering, jointing and milking stage of wheat. The pooled data of findings revealed that the treatment with inorganic sources showed significant increase in the SPAD readings (9.62, 15.54, 23.77 and 29.83), chlorophyll ‘a’ (0.76, 0.83, 1.47 and 0.63 mg g-1 leaf tissue), ‘b’ (0.44, 0.78, 0.87 and 0.57 mg g-1 leaf tissue) and total (1.19, 1.64, 2.25 and 1.14 mg g-1 leaf tissue) chlorophyll content in leaves over organic source at all the growth stages. All the levels of nutrient were significantly increased the chlorophyll content and SPAD value over control at all the stages except chlorophyll ‘a’ at jointing and milking stage. However, amongst the levels 150% and 200% NPK were found significantly superior to 100% NPK for SPAD value (8.32 and 8.71 at CRI and 12.56 and 12.19 at tillering), chlorophyll ‘a’ (0.73 and 0.70 mg g-1 leaf tissue at CRI), chlorophyll ‘b’ (0.46 and 0.45 mg g-1 leaf tissue at CRI, 0.68 and 0.71 mg g-1 leaf tissue at tillering and 0.53 and 0.59 mg g-1 leaf tissue at milking), respectively. The interaction results suggested that the 200% NPK with inorganic and integrated sources significantly superior to 100% NPK for chlorophyll ‘a’ content at jointing and milking stage. The application of 150% and 200% NPK with inorganic source were found significantly higher over the same level of NPK with integrated source of nutrient for total chlorophyll content and SPAD value at all the growth stages except 150% NPK for total chlorophyll at jointing and milking stage and SPAD value at milking stage. The correlation between SPAD value and chlorophyll ’a’, ‘b’, total were found significantly and positively at all growth stages. Coefficient of determination values between SPAD and chlorophyll content showed linear relationship at all the growth stages.

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Patatesin Kısa Süreli Kuraklık Uygulamasına Fizyolojik Tepkileri

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v4i7.618-627.733 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (7) ◽

pp. 618

Author(s):

İlknur Tındaş ◽

Ufuk Demirel

Keyword(s):

Stomatal Conductance ◽

Photosynthetic Rate ◽

Transpiration Rate ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

Russet Burbank ◽

Significant Decline ◽

Proline Content ◽

Drought Treatment ◽

H2o2 Accumulation ◽

Tuber Bulking

The study aimed to identify physiological response of potato to drought. For this aim, a drought experiment was carried out by using two different potato varieties, cv. Desiree and Russet Burbank, under environmentally controlled greenhouse conditions. Drought treatment was initiated at 45 days after emergence (early tuber bulking period) by withholding irrigation for 10 days. Physiological traits such as stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll index, leaf temperature, proline content, malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation, in addition, some yield components average tuber weight, number of tubers and plant tuber yield were evaluated in the study. While the first significant decline in stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and photosynthetic rate of both varieties was occurred at the 5th day of withholding irrigation, the highest decline was observed at 9th and 10th days of withholding irrigation. Proline content in both varieties increased two times at 10th day of withholding irrigation, however, H2O2 accumulation was not changed significantly by drought treatment. Even though MDA accumulation was increased in both varieties under drought stress conditions, the increase was significant in Desiree whereas, it was not significant in Russet Burbank. In addition, while drought treatment did not change the plant tuber yield in both varieties, it caused to a significant decline in average tuber yield of Russet Burbank, being an important trait for marketable tuber yield.

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