Organizational-economic mechanism of regional development of high-tech engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
M. S. Abrashkin
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Design ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Statistical Interpretation ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Engineering Information ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Private Investors ◽  
Interpretation Of Results

The article contains a study on the prospective tendencies and problems of the development of science-intensive enterprises of rocket and space engineering. Information base of statistical interpretation of results, using methods of logical analysis, synthesis of information and graphical interpretation of results. It was revealed that the primary tasks in the development of science-intensive enterprises of the rocket and space machine-building are the instability of financial results, the state monopoly on organizational design and ensuring the increase in the quality of products. It was proved that the development of rocket and space machine-building enterprises requires improvement of the levers and methods of state regulation of the industry and attraction of private investors. It is also necessary to concentrate all functions and levers of management of the space industry, especially in terms of financial flows, product quality, control of production activities.

scholarly journals SCIENCE INTENSITY AND INNOVATION DEVELOPMENT OF MACHINE BUILDING ENTERPRISES

2018 ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Sergeevich Abrashkin
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Personnel Cost

The article presents the research of knowledge intensity and innovative development of the mechanical engineering enterprises. The development degree of mechanical engineering is a measure of industrialization of the world economy. The level of implementing the advanced technologies and innovations into production activity of the mechanical engineering enterprises has been found not to meet the criterion of progress, which current rates concede to economies of the developed countries. Fragmentation approaches to identify sectors hamper revealing and justifying the knowledge-based mechanical engineering and requires the criteria concretization for this sub-sector. The identifying criteria for high-tech machinery should be taken from the other economic branches, such as personnel, cost, process, product, technology, complex or integral. In international practice, high-tech industries are referred to the service sector. It has been stated that the current practice involves using the category of “knowledge intensity” as applied to production and should be explained by the wrong interpretation from foreign publications, as well as by the concept of “capacity”, which in this case acts as a measure of consumption of the results of science, research and development. In terms of the industry criterion, the science-intensive engineering enterprises should include machine-tool construction, electrical engineering, instrumentation, aircraft engineering and rocket and space engineering, which have a significant research and development reserve in the production. As a result of the analysis, it has been found that the development of science-intensive engineering enterprises requires attracting investment, expanding the scope of research and development and production, improving approaches to state regulation of the industry, as well as taking into account trends in global development and the rate of technological inflation. The need to stimulate the demand for high-tech engineering products by improving their quality and competitiveness, organizational and economic measures, updating technology and improving the reproductive function that provides these processes has been proved.

Organizational-economic mechanism of regional development of high-tech engineering

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
M. S. Abrashkin
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Regional Competitiveness ◽  
Theoretical Justification ◽  
Economic Mechanism ◽  
The Impact

The article presents a study on the assessment of the impact of science-intensive machine building on the development of the regional economy and increasing its competitiveness. Based on the analysis of foreign sources, a theoretical justification was given for increasing the regional competitiveness of the economy. The tools of regional support of enterprises of science-intensive machine building and the model of the organizational and economic mechanism for regional development of science-intensive machine building were proposed. It has been proven that the development of science-intensive machine building influences the competitiveness of the region. 

scholarly journals Assessment of quality of products from polymer materials for machine-building purposes

2020 ◽  
Vol 1614 ◽  
pp. 012044
Author(s):  
D Gramakov ◽  
A Larchenko ◽  
N Filippenko ◽  
A Livshits ◽  
D Bakanin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Building ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Quality Of Products

Current Trends in the International Economic Activity of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Ljudmila Romaniuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Relations

International economic activity occupies a special place in a complex system of the global economic relations. It reflects the mutual economic dependence of trade and economic activities of different countries of the world. The significance of the development of international economic performance of each country is growing. The purpose of the article is to determine the current state and trends of international economic performance of Ukraine, taking into account changes in the external environment. SWOT-analysis was introduced to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats and ways to overcome weaknesses, solve problems in international economic activity, use strengths and opportunities. International economic activity is a powerful factor in the development of the country's economy and has a significant potential in regard of natural, economic and human resources, but the study has also revealed problems and negative trends. To identify trends in the effectiveness of the country's international economic activity, export-import performance indicators for 2019, 2020 and similar indicators for 2013 were analyzed. In 2020 a decline in exports in the machine-building industry is observed. Furthermore, the exports are dominated by the raw material component. The growth rate of exported goods refers to industries with a small share of value added. At the same time, imports are dominated by high-tech products, indicating a lack of strategy of technical and technological development, which leads to the deindustrialization of the country, which is a significant threat to the economy of Ukraine as a whole and its international economic activity. In the context of economic globalization, the importance of international economic relations is growing. To increase the efficiency of international economic performance it is crucial to address a number of domestic issues: stabilization of political situation, termination of military actions in the east of the country, overcoming corruption, ensuring technical and technological development, implementation of innovations at enterprises, development and implementation of multi-vector strategy, implementation of the strategy of public diplomacy in order to build a positive image of Ukraine. Further research will focus on assessing the effectiveness of international economic activity, identifying threats to national competitiveness and elaborating recommendations for overcoming them.

scholarly journals Features of Non-Tariff Regulation of Construction Products Market in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National System ◽  
Construction Products ◽  
Quality Of Products

The article deals with the issue of state regulation over the construction products industry. Analysis resulted in the identification of two main forms of regulation: tariff and non-tariff regulation. Global practices show the effectiveness of non-tariff regulation in the construction industry. Being a WTO member, Ukraine has to implement the legal framework of non-tariff regulation, in regards to those aspects contributing to compliance with the rating and standards of the European Union to ensure the quality of products. The main objective of non-tariff market regulation is to ensure the quality of finished products, environmental protection, health and safety of life. The national system of regulation, including technical rate-setting of the construction products manufacturing must comply with the international documents ratified by Ukraine. The article analyzes the domestic legal framework and proposes an algorithm for designing a national system of non-tariff regulation in accordance with international rules and standards.

scholarly journals INSTITUTIONAL PROVIDING OF GOVERNMENT CONTROL OF DEVELOPMENT OF SECTOR OF DIGITAL ECONOMY: NECESSITY AND DIRECTIONS OF PERFECTION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Tkachenko ◽  
Tetiana Shtets
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Government Control ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Infrastructural Support ◽  
Economic Bloc

The article identifies and characterizes the components of the architecture of institutional support for the development of the digital economy sector in Ukraine. The structure of institutional support consists of the elements we have identified: the institutional and legal basis, the institutional and organizational platform, the institutional and infrastructural support, and the institutional and economic block, the institutional and psychological environment. To form an institutional and psychological environment, it is necessary to form a single digital environment of trust, to promote the development of infrastructure for the protection and safeguarding of intellectual property, to promote the benefits and opportunities of digitalization of the economy. In order to work effectively in the environment of the institutional and economic bloc, the implementation of public-private partnership programs, development of infrastructure to support high-tech start-ups and support of investment infrastructure for specialization is relevant. The essence of institutional and infrastructural support is the creation of digital platforms for business, state and public, the formation of unified digital cloud platforms, the development of the institutional environment of research and development in the digital economy and the construction of information infrastructure. The development of the institutional and organizational platform is the formation of institutional support for planning the state policy of development of the digital sector, creating institutions to coordinate the activities of stakeholders in the digital economy and introducing the institution of monitoring the development of the digital economy and public policy. The formation and implementation of state policy on the development of the digital economy sector is argued. For a more systematic approach to the growth of state regulation of the dynamics of the digital economy sector, a conceptual hierarchy of institutional support for certain strategic and program documents at different levels of economic management has been developed.

scholarly journals FINANCIAL METHODS OF INFLUENCE ON INNOVATIVE MODERNIZATION OF ECONOMY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE WORLD EXPERIENCE

2019 ◽  
pp. 116-126
Author(s):  
R.S. Bilyk
Keyword(s):  
Financial Regulation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
The World ◽  
Accelerated Depreciation ◽  
Institutional Foundations ◽  
Financial Regulatory

These article is about the objective preconditions and regularities of conducting transformational changes in the economy of different countries of the world on innovative basis. It is substantiated, that the development of innovative modernization of the economy should be one of the main means system of state regulation itself. The experience of developed countries of the world had analyzed with regard to the use of financial methods and tools for activating innovation and conducting R & D. It substantiated, that the necessity of implementation of this experience in Ukraine in order to ensure modernization of the economy through introduction of various tax privileges, accelerated depreciation of fixed capital, cheap loans, etc.. It had proved, that the development and implementation of financial regulation methods in the mechanism of innovation modernization of the economy should take into account the features and structure of the domestic economy, the depth of globalization transformations and the degree of development of financial institutions. The focus of financial regulatory methods for modernizing the economy involves the concentration, distribution and redistribution of financial and economic resources, reorientation of the economy towards an innovative model of development. The priority directions had determined and recommendations had developed on improving the institutional foundations of financial policy in the context of innovative modernization of the Ukrainian economy. Among the most important areas are the following: the search for new sources and increase of financing of innovative development, improvement of the effectiveness of the influence of financial instruments on the rate of economic growth, the growth of the share of high-tech component of the economy, etc.

High-tech export of the Russian Federation: current state and key trends

2021 ◽  
pp. 679-691
Author(s):  
Natalya Jurievna Rodigina ◽  
Liudmila Anatolievna Obuhovskaya ◽  
Oxana Eduardovna Kirtoake
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Consulting Services ◽  
Technology Services ◽  
The Russian Federation

Nowadays countries are focused on the development of high-techology industries, which will allow them to increase their competitiveness. However, Russia specializes in the export of raw materials and goods with a low degree of processing. In this regard, one of the key aims of Russia is to develop high-technoligy production and expand its presence in the markets of goods with a high degree of processing. The abstract reveals the export of high-technology goods and services. The article analyzes position of the Russian Federation in the world market of high-technology goods and services. Russia specializes in the export of such high-technology goods as aerospace production, nuclear technologies and weapons. Russia specializes in the export of such high-technology services as telecommunications, computer and information services, professional and consulting services, engineering services, services in technical fields and in the field of architecture. Special attention is paid to the promising directions of high-technology exports, the importers of Russian high-technology products and trends in exports and imports of high-technology goods as well as trends in exports of high-technology services. For example, Russia should develop exports of such high-technology goods as jet engines, nuclear reactors and their components, fuel rods, nuclear technologies and weapons. The most promising export directions from the machine-building industry are vehicles and equipment production. Russia should focus on the export of such high-technology services as information, telecommunications, computers, professional and consulting services. To stimulate the export of these services, it is necessary to create a favorable business climate in Russia, eliminate the shortage of specialists in the field of ICT, as well as improve the quality of their training.

The State of Mechanical Engineering in the Modern Russian Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4-2) ◽  
pp. 277-290
Author(s):  
Natalia Bozo ◽  
◽  
Ekaterina Malysheva ◽  
Nadezhda Filatyeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Full Employment ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Added Value ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Effective Development

Machine building is a leading industry in advanced countries. It provides many industries with machines and equipment as it is the main link in the system of intersectoral linkages. Innovations in engineering create the basis for increasing production and qualitative changes in the structure of industry, that creates a synergistic effect for the economy as a whole. Thus, it secures full employment for highly skilled employees, promotes the growth of the level of educational background of the population and contributes to the development of the scientific and technological potential of the country. However, underinvestment in innovation technologies and processes, a limited character of the import substitution model and an insufficient support of the export model greatly hinder rapid and effective development of the machine-building industry. Specific peculiarities of the machine building development such as R&D intensity, labor intensity, and the intensity of metal use, the need in cooperation and consumer orientation influence their geographic location. Despite the decline in the number of enterprises and employment in the machine-building industry, the industry’s contribution to the GVA is stable. At the same time, the state’s interest in the development of all sectors with high added value will influence the future of engineering. In statistics innovative activity in mechanical engineering began to be considered relatively recently. The highest rates of innovation are high-tech engineering. The state’s share in supporting innovation in both manufacturing and engineering is increasing. The coefficients of specialization are calculated for all Federal districts and each of the 85 subjects of the Federation for the period from 2007 to 2017. Calculations were carried out for all types of economic activity, according to the classifier of OKVED. The specialization industries for each of the regions are identified. The group of regions where engineering is concentrated is defined. These 19 regions did not change their industry of specialization during the analyzed period from 2008 to 2017.

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