Current Trends in the International Economic Activity of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Ljudmila Romaniuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Relations

International economic activity occupies a special place in a complex system of the global economic relations. It reflects the mutual economic dependence of trade and economic activities of different countries of the world. The significance of the development of international economic performance of each country is growing. The purpose of the article is to determine the current state and trends of international economic performance of Ukraine, taking into account changes in the external environment. SWOT-analysis was introduced to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats and ways to overcome weaknesses, solve problems in international economic activity, use strengths and opportunities. International economic activity is a powerful factor in the development of the country's economy and has a significant potential in regard of natural, economic and human resources, but the study has also revealed problems and negative trends. To identify trends in the effectiveness of the country's international economic activity, export-import performance indicators for 2019, 2020 and similar indicators for 2013 were analyzed. In 2020 a decline in exports in the machine-building industry is observed. Furthermore, the exports are dominated by the raw material component. The growth rate of exported goods refers to industries with a small share of value added. At the same time, imports are dominated by high-tech products, indicating a lack of strategy of technical and technological development, which leads to the deindustrialization of the country, which is a significant threat to the economy of Ukraine as a whole and its international economic activity. In the context of economic globalization, the importance of international economic relations is growing. To increase the efficiency of international economic performance it is crucial to address a number of domestic issues: stabilization of political situation, termination of military actions in the east of the country, overcoming corruption, ensuring technical and technological development, implementation of innovations at enterprises, development and implementation of multi-vector strategy, implementation of the strategy of public diplomacy in order to build a positive image of Ukraine. Further research will focus on assessing the effectiveness of international economic activity, identifying threats to national competitiveness and elaborating recommendations for overcoming them.

FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ISRAELI ECONOMY AT THE PRESENT STAGE

2020 ◽  
pp. 126-142
Author(s):  
Evgenii V. Palamarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
International Economic Cooperation ◽  
Energy Independence

Israel's economy is distinguished by a high degree of involvement in international economic relations. The peculiarities of Israel's economic development indicate a large-scale transition from low-tech (agricultural and textile industries) to high-tech (defense industry, high technology) production. This has become possible both thanks to American aid to Israel and due to proper investment in education. A feature of the current stage of technological development is the transnationalization of industries, the commercialization of Israeli start-up companies, the creation of an innovative environment for business development. An extraordinary turn for Israel was the shift from energy dependence on Arab producers to energy independence and an exporter of natural gas. Israel, Greece, Egypt and Cyprus have found common interests in energy and natural gas production off their shores. Due to the discovery of energy resources in the exclusive economic zone, Israel has declared itself not only as an energy independent actor in the regional economy, but also as a potential exporter of natural gas in the region and to Europe. In addition, the intensification of Israel's international economic relations with the countries of the world has shown itself in expanding the geography of new agreements on a free trade zone with a number of states. It is thanks to this that new markets for the supply of Israeli products in Africa and the CIS strengthen Israel's international economic cooperation, establishing strong and promising economic ties.

scholarly journals FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF UKRAINE: FISCAL CONSEQUENCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Dermanska
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the peculiarities of Ukraine's foreign economic activity in the development of international economic relations and identifies the impact of the taxation system on the import of goods into Ukraine on the fiscal consequences for domestic priorities. In particular, it is analyzed the share of VAT on imported goods in the structure of state budget revenues for 2016-December 2020, the dynamics of excise tax on goods imported into Ukraine and depending on the object of taxation in 2019, the volume and share of import duties in the structure revenues of the State budget. Particular attention is paid to issues related to the filling of the budget, namely, attention is focused on the structure of objects from which excise tax was paid on imports. In particular, the importance of such tools for regulating foreign economic activity as import duties is revealed, but its share in the structure of customs duties is not the most significant, and VAT charges significantly exceed revenues from customs duties on imports. It is emphasized that the priority task to overcome the existing contradictions in the field of foreign trade should be the introduction of an effective and adequate to the requirements of the time model of foreign economic activity. Because, as the results of a study of the activities of domestic enterprises - subjects of foreign economic activity show, the current model is outdated and inefficient and can not ensure the development of this area. The current state of affairs requires a number of sound management decisions backed by political will and economic expediency, and most importantly, not only in the field of fiscal policy. Therefore, the study of the peculiarities of Ukraine's foreign economic activity in the development of international economic relations and determining the impact of value added tax, excise tax and duties on fiscal consequences for domestic priorities allows us to determine that for a full-fledged solution of this range of issues requires a comprehensive approach and the formation of an appropriate strategy, the fundamental basis of which should be the concept of ensuring the fiscal interests of the state.

Estimation of economic specialization of Ukrainian regions in the context of global trends

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Svitlana Ishchuk ◽  
Lyubomyr Sozanskyy
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Value Added ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Economic Specialization

The scale and deep heterogeneity of the national economy of Ukraine in the regional context make the relevance of scientific research in this thematic area. The purpose of the article is to determine the economic specialization of the regions of Ukraine by key economic activities contributing to the formation of gross value added, as well as outlining the potential risks to the national economy, taking into account the situation on world commodity markets. The results of the research showed that one of the consequences of the unstable dynamics of industrial production in Ukraine under the influence of geopolitical and macroeconomic factors is the reduction of industrial specialization of the economy of a number of Ukrainian regions. Thus, in 2017 the manufacturing was the leading economic activity (with the highest share in the gross value added created) in 11 regions, compared to 15 in 2012. So Poltava, Donetsk, Dnipropetrovsk and Zaporizhzhya regions are considered to be “highly industrial”. At the same time, the agrarian specialization of the economy of Ukraine and its regions deepened – in 2017 agriculture became the leading type of economic activity in 11 regions (compared to 7 in 2012). The most “agrarian” in Ukraine (with a share of agriculture in gross value added over 30%) in 2017 became the Kherson, Kirovohrad and Khmelnytsky regions. Increasing the level of “agrarianization” of the national economy in the context of volatility of agricultural commodity prices on the world markets poses significant risks for the socio-economic development of Ukraine and its regions. These risks are exacerbated by the high amplitude of fluctuations in the volume and structure of domestic agricultural products and the low degree of processing of raw materials. To improve the structure of domestic commodity exports (in the direction of increasing its share of products with a higher degree of processing) and to deepen its diversification, a number of measures should be carried out aimed at stimulating export activity of enterprises (industrial and agro-industrial), carrying out technical and technological re-equipment of industrial and export production bases, creation of new high-tech industries on the basis of the implementation of powerful innovation and investment projects.

The Russian Empire and the Countries of the African Continent: From the First Contacts to Regular Economic Interaction

2021 ◽  
pp. 216-224
Author(s):  
Aigul R. Nurieva ◽  
◽  
Marat Z. Gibadullin ◽  
Diana I. Zainutdinova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
African Continent ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Empire

The current state of the world economy is characterized by instability and mobility. In the context of a protracted crisis, aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic, competitive contradictions between the leading actors in international economic relations and world politics are exacerbating. Each of them is trying to fix the positions they have won in the world arena, resorting to the tools of economic and military diplomacy to achieve their strategic goals. The confrontation between old and new world leaders of the world economy is being transferred not only to traditional markets, but also to new ones, which were previously on the periphery of their economic interests. The African continent today, like in the nineteenth century, attracts more and more close attention of the leading states of the world. Rich in natural resources, it becomes an arena for the struggle for control over it from the United States, China, and European countries. Taking into account the fact that for Russia the field of foreign economic activity has significantly narrowed in recent years, its return to Africa should become one of the priorities of the national foreign economic strategy. In the above context, it seems relevant to comprehensively study the stages of development of economic relations between Russia and African countries and, based on historical experience, to identify the shortcomings and failures of economic policy in relations with African partners. When writing the article, the authors used general scientific research methods, primarily the dialectical method of cognition, the logical and historical method, deduction and induction, and mathematical methods. In the course of the study, the following results were achieved. (1) Based on the analysis of historical documents, the nature of the economic relations of the Russian Empire with African countries at various stages of their evolution has been determined. It has been established that, at the initial stage of interaction, Russia, in its desire to establish economic contacts with the states in the region, relied on the principle of respect for their sovereignty as independent states, independent subjects of international economic relations; however, at the following stage, associated with the beginning of the colonial division of Africa by the European powers, Russia was forced to passively participate in the colonial aggression against the countries of the region, entering into international agreements with the colonialists on the status of African countries. (2) Based on the processing of statistical data on the foreign trade of the Russian Empire with African countries and territories, a tendency has been revealed that characterizes the gradual curtailment of Russia’s economic activity in this region.

scholarly journals MODERN INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX OF THE KEMEROVO OBLAST

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Валерий Рябов ◽  
Valerii Riabov ◽  
Ольга Столбова ◽  
Olga Stolbova
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Kuznetsk Basin ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Active Population

The article describes the modern functional and territorial structure of the economic complex of one of the most industrial regions of the Asian Russia – the Kemerovo region. The basic link in the economic complex of the Kemerovo Region is industry. A quarter of the economically active population in the region is employed in industry. Industry provides half of the gross regional product. The role of industry in the economic complex of the Kemerovo region has not changed for many years. In general, the region’s industry has a pronounced raw material orientation. Raw materials industries are the leading ones in the industry structure of the region: the total share of the coal industry, metallurgy, electrical energy and the chemical industry in the total production of industrial products is 85 %. Kuzbass is Russia’s leader in coal mining. The share of high-tech industries is negligible. Machine building accounts for no more than 5 % of industrial production. The industry of the Kemerovo region is characterized by a poly-branch structure, formed primarily on the basis of the coal resources of the Kuznetsk Basin. The leading role belongs to the coal-metallurgical system of production, which forms a number of highly developed energy production cycles (coal-energy, chemicals, pyrometallurgical and others), some of which (raw materials extraction) are located outside the region.

scholarly journals THE POSITION OF THE FINANCIAL COMPONENT IN THE PARADIGM OF MODERN ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-194
Author(s):  
Kostyantyn Flissak ◽  
Darya Glukhova
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Economic Diplomacy ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
The Impact

At the beginning of the 21st century, most subjects of international economic relations announced a course to liberalize the world economy both as a whole and as its individual components. At the same time, under the influence of geopolitical and geo-economic aspirations, state instruments of a protectionist nature were increasingly used. Global economic development has become a hostage to such processes. In such circumstances, the efficiency of individual business entities has begun to decline. Innovative tools were needed to prevent this. One of them was economic diplomacy, which has acquired a special role in providing the promotion of the interests of both national economies as a whole and their individual subjects. At the same time, economic diplomacy itself covers different areas of economic activity and not all of them are investigated to the same extent. The purpose of the article is to study and analyze the financial component of economic diplomacy in modern conditions, the specifics of its formation and development, aimed at improving the national system of promoting national interests both within the state and abroad. To achieve this goal, the research is focused on the following tasks: to consider and analyze the theoretical basis of the financial component of economic diplomacy, to highlight its manifestations in various forms of international economic relations, to determine the main imperatives of state support for international investment partnership. Special attention is paid to the issues of external borrowing and the movement of public debt funds from the point of view of the influence of economic diplomacy on them. Based on the results of this review, a whole number of theoretical conclusions were made, which at the same time establish the basis for further research of the considered problem. Methodology. In the process of preparing the article, methods of scientific abstraction, observation, analysis and synthesis, generalization, as well as statistical and economic methods were used to assess a number of financial and economic indicators of state development in order to identify the weaknesses and prospects for the impact of economic diplomacy tools on them. The information and analytical base for the study are materials and analytical reports of international organizations dealing with the issues under consideration (UNCTAD, IMF, World Bank), regulatory and statistical data of state authorities of Ukraine and the United States, the results of scientific research of modern scientists from different countries. The results of the study show that providing the proper efficiency of foreign economic activity requires the use of a set of tools to promote and support its subjects. Economic diplomacy plays a significant role in this sphere. The development level of international economic relations actualizes the justification of the modern paradigm of the financial component, mechanisms for applying the tools of economic diplomacy in financial issues. All this requires a clear delineation and structuring of object-by-object areas and directions of efforts. Only on this basis, an effective mechanism for implementing the financial component of economic diplomacy can be formed. The practical implications of the scientific research are to find out the current state of economic diplomacy mechanisms in the financial sphere, trends in their development, and potential consequences for other states (including Ukraine). Value/originality. The studied mechanisms and practice of using economic diplomacy in the sphere of the financial component, in particular in issues of interstate investment partnership, external government borrowing, and work with public debt deserve attention from the relevant state structures of Ukraine on the implementation of tools and standards of economic diplomacy in this area. In addition, this study can serve as a basis for further research, since the considered problem contains the significant potential for further investigations in subsequent scientific publications.

scholarly journals CONCEPTUAL FUNDAMENTALS OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES AT THE ENTERPRISES OF THE MACHINE-BUILDING COMPLEX

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Svistunov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
System Component ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Building Enterprise ◽  
Factors Of Production ◽  
Building Enterprises

In the article investigated the essence of enterprises technological develop-ment and defined its directions, tasks, conditions and results. Substantiated similarities and differences of categories "technological development" and "technological processes development". Conducted analysis existing approaches to defining the "technological process" concept and its consideration as a system. Characterized the main structural components of technological process. The basic principles of the technological processes’ system-component development concept of the machine-building enterprises are offered and defined. It is concluded that a modern machine-building enterprise can be studied as a complex organized system, the components of which are constantly changing, being in interaction with each other. It is theoretically substantiated that the technological development of machine-building enterprises involves the improvement of the production process, search for new technological solutions, modernization of fixed assets, development and implementation of new technological processes, new information technologies, computers and modern actuators. It is proved that the technological development of the enterprise is determined by the efficiency of reproduction of innovations, which are reflected in the main factors of production, in the structure of their management, as well as in new products. It should be aimed, on the one hand, at maintaining the proper condition and development of the technical and technological base of the industrial enterprise, and on the other - at the stable use of new advanced technologies in all spheres of economic activity of the business entity. It is concluded that increasing the level of technological development of the machine-building enterprise is a transition to a new state of economic activity with efficient use of existing resources and factors of production, research and development, improvement of management system, employee motivation. It is substantiated that the development of effective management mechanisms in the direction of ensuring the development of technological processes of machine-building enterprises requires, first of all, the formation of conceptual foundations of management processes.

scholarly journals COVID-19 significant effect on global international economic relations

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Tariro Portia Tendengu ◽  
Fadzai Mahere
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
Regional Organisations ◽  
Modes Of Interaction

The purpose of this paper is to reach the augment of COVID-19 effects on international economic relations. The globe has become a cohesive economic community with interdependence being fuelled by rising economies and the need to exchange technical know-how, goods and services. Globalization has turned the world into one unit with diversified limbs that work in tandem with each other, for instance the lesser the lesser developed countries need raw material to sustain their industries. Now because of the unforeseen emergence of COVID-19 pandemic, social, political and economic modes of interaction have been obstructed normally to curb the spread of the virus which has claimed lives in the hundreds of thousands to millions.This in turn has hindered in some cases  brought to a halt certain areas of the economy both internationally and nationally. Economic relations have been stunned by the introduction of COVID-19 measures like travel bans, limiting interactions between individuals and groups and limited time of operations for essential services. A desktop review analysis was used as the research methodology.  Data collection methods that were used included observations, focus group discussions and interviews. The targeted population included international, statutory and non-statutory organizations in Zimbabwe. Findings from the study concluded that closure of borders during the COVID-19 pandemic affected imports and exports of trade, COVID-19 led to the loss of labour though massive deaths and quarantine measures and the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on oil dependent counties was severe.` Recommendations from the research affirm that governments and regional organisations should reunite in the global context so as to face pandemics, policy makers should implement effective policies which address economic relations between countries and countries should better prepare for such threats like COVID-19 to economic relations and trade through enhancing technologies.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPETITIVENESS OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INFLUENCE ON THE FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY DEVELOPMENT UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Olena Akymenko
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Economic Regulation ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
External Efficiency ◽  
High Level

The article proves that the effective economic development of Ukraine is facilitated by foreign economic relations, which are a determining factor in the development and modernization of the economy, an important step towards solving many social problems and a driver of scientific and technological development. It is proved that the revival of foreign economic activity will promote the country's integration into the international economic space and will determine it not just as a partnership and mutually beneficial cooperation, but as a process that will serve as an effective means of solving global problems. The most significant in nature means of economic regulation of foreign economic activity depending on its impact on the competitive advantages of the enterprise. The expediency of determining the level of competitiveness of industry taking into account the important structural characteristics (the level of industrial economy, specialization of industry, its internal and external efficiency) is proved. The author's definition of the concept of competitiveness of industrial production is given - its permanent ability to withstand competition due to the availability of appropriate potential provided a high level of efficiency and a means for further development of long-term strategies for long-term development and conquest of foreign markets.

scholarly journals International Economic Convergence Applied to China

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olha Prokopenko ◽  
Viktoriia Shcherbachenko ◽  
Ganna Muzychenko ◽  
Ding Xin ◽  
Yuriy Ossik
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Convergence ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
Economic Statistics ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
International Economic Relations

Objective: The objective of the article is to studied phenomenon of international economic convergence applied to China.Research Design & Methods: The analysis methods, synthesis, economic and managerial comparativists, economic statistics, Hofstede method are used in this work.Findings:  Authors have conducted comparative analysis of production and consumption within economic totalitarianism. This symbiosis of socialism and capitalism lies based on a convergent socio-economic system, the theoretical foundations of which reside at the beginning of creation.Implications & Recommendations: The changes in economic activity were tremendous at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century.  It has been identified that the current world experience includes de-globalization, re-industrialization, new economics and management. The conducted research will be useful for trade policy development, international economic relations with investigated countries.  Contribution & Value Added: The authors carried out an analysis of the cultures of the studied countries using the Greet Hofstede method. The role of Confucianism as a religion and philosophy in the economic development of China is revealed. The Chinese governance model is investigated that consists of three elements: democracy, experimentation between local and central government, meritocracy.

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