scholarly journals The impact of marketing agility on crisis management stages at five and four-star hotels in Jordan

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-481
Author(s):  
Hamza Khraim ◽  
Tayseer AL Afaishat
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Learning Orientation ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Hotel Managers ◽  
Management Staff ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to examine the impact of marketing agility on decision-making during crisis management stages in five-star and four-star hotels in Jordan. The study included 71 top management staff members from Jordan’s five- and four-star hotels. A questionnaire was designed and utilized to collect the data on marketing agility and crisis management at four and five-star hotels in Jordan. A total of 213 questionnaires were distributed, and 187 useable responses were returned, which resulted in an 86% response rate. Results show that marketing agility plays a significant role in decision-making during crisis management stages. The analysis revealed that marketing agility affected the five stages of crisis management with mixed levels. The findings show that accessibility, decisiveness, swiftness, and flexibility have an immense impact on crisis management stages, while the alertness dimension result shows a weak impact on crisis management stages except for containment. Hotel managers are recommended to emphasize enhancing coordination and integration internally with different managerial levels and units and with external partners to boost information exchange. In addition, it will help promote learning orientation amongst hotel staff to handle the fast-changing environment.

scholarly journals Exploring the role of the Care and Health Information Exchange (CHIE) in clinical decision-making: a realist evaluation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Scott ◽  
Elisavet Andrikopoulou ◽  
Haythem Nakkas ◽  
Paul Roderick
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Health Information Exchange ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The Impact

Background: The overall evidence for the impact of electronic information systems on cost, quality and safety of healthcare remains contested. Whilst it seems intuitively obvious that having more data about a patient will improve care, the mechanisms by which information availability is translated into better decision-making are not well understood. Furthermore, there is the risk of data overload creating a negative outcome. There are situations where a key information summary can be more useful than a rich record. The Care and Health Information Exchange (CHIE) is a shared electronic health record for Hampshire and the Isle of Wight that combines key information from hospital, general practice, community care and social services. Its purpose is to provide clinical and care professionals with complete, accurate and up-to-date information when caring for patients. CHIE is used by GP out-of-hours services, acute hospital doctors, ambulance service, GPs and others in caring for patients. Research questions: The fundamental question was How does awareness of CHIE or usage of CHIE affect clinical decision-making? The secondary questions were What are the latent benefits of CHIE in frontline NHS operations? and What is the potential of CHIE to have an impact on major NHS cost pressures? The NHS funders decided to focus on acute medical inpatient admissions as the initial scope, given the high costs associated with hospital stays and the patient complexities (and therefore information requirements) often associated with unscheduled admissions. Methods: Semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals to explore their experience about the utility of CHIE in their clinical scenario, whether and how it has affected their decision-making practices and the barriers and facilitators for their use of CHIE. The Framework Method was used for qualitative analysis, supported by the software tool Atlas.ti. Results: 21 healthcare professionals were interviewed. Three main functions were identified as useful: extensive medication prescribing history, information sharing between primary, secondary and social care and access to laboratory test results. We inferred two positive cognitive mechanisms: knowledge confidence and collaboration assurance, and three negative ones: consent anxiety, search anxiety and data mistrust. Conclusions: CHIE gives clinicians the bigger picture to understand the patient's health and social care history and circumstances so as to make confident and informed decisions. CHIE is very beneficial for medicines reconciliation on admission, especially for patients that are unable to speak or act for themselves or who cannot remember their precise medication or allergies. We found no clear evidence that CHIE has a significant impact on admission or discharge decisions. We propose the use of recommender systems to help clinicians navigate such large volumes of patient data, which will only grow as additional data is collected.

scholarly journals Diplomatic Challenges in a Crisis World

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Corneliu Bjola ◽  
Costas M. Constantinou
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Leadership Identity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Theories Of Leadership ◽  
Crisis Diplomacy

The objective of this forum is to provide a framework for intellectual exchange and debate about the role of diplomacy in negotiating global crises and the impact of such crises on the evolution of diplomatic leadership, identity and method. Drawing on theories of leadership, decision-making, power and crisis management, the five contributions to this forum invite readers to reflect upon the analytical implications of theorizing crisis diplomacy.

scholarly journals The Influence of Planning and Task Type on Second Language Performance

1996 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Foster ◽  
Peter Skehan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Second Language ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Task Type ◽  
Language Performance ◽  
Based Instruction ◽  
Task Based Instruction ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second Language Performance

This study focuses on the impact of different variables on the nature of language performance in the context of task-based instruction. Characteristics of tasks are discussed, and then a framework is offered that can organize the nature of task-based instruction and relevant research. The framework is used to generate predictions regarding the effects of three different tasks (Personal Information Exchange, Narrative, and Decision-Making) and three different implementation conditions for each task (unplanned, planned but without detail, detailed planning) on the variables of fluency, complexity, and accuracy. The study reports strong effects of planning on fluency and clear effects also on complexity, with a linear relationship between degree of planning and degree of complexity. However, a more complex relationship was discovered between planning and accuracy, with the most accurate performance produced by the less detailed planners. In addition, interactions were found between task type and planning conditions, such that the effects of planning were greater with the Narrative and Decision-Making tasks than with the Personal Information Exchange task. The results are discussed in terms of an attentional model of learning and performance and highlight the importance of tradeoff effects between the goals of complexity and accuracy in the context of the use of limited capacity attentional resources. The study contributes to the development of cognitive models of second language performance and addresses a number of pedagogic issues.

scholarly journals The Rwandan Crisis: A Watershed for Humanitarian Intervention

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-61
Author(s):  
Brendan M. Howe
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cold War ◽  
International Law ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
New World ◽  
World Order ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
New World Order ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Impact

Ten years on, the impact of the inaction of the international community during the Rwandan crisis is still being felt. This article considers normative, legal, and realpolitik constraints operating upon decision- makers, contending that the first two should have enabled decision- makers to authorize intervention if not actually requiring them so to do, and that the international community's non-intervention in genocide was, therefore, due to considerations of national interest. However, international law played a significant role in framing excuses for inaction, and the end of the crisis saw international decision-makers having their hands forced by pressure &om their internal and external communities, promising that non-state-centric humanitarian considerations could play a greater role in future conflicts such as Kosovo and Sudan. Thus this article demonstrates not only that liberal claims of a new world order at the end of the Cold War were premature, but also that post-Rwanda power-political considerations no longer fully explain normative war-fighting decision-making.

The negative impact of prior reprimand on radiation therapists’ and dosimetrists’ comfort in reporting errors: Results from a national survey of more than 500 respondents.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (34_suppl) ◽  
pp. 204-204
Author(s):  
Jessica A. Church ◽  
Robert D. Adams ◽  
Laura H. Hendrix ◽  
Jordan A. Holmes ◽  
Lawrence B. Marks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Survey ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Error Reporting ◽  
Workplace Culture ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
The Impact

204 Background: The presence of a "just culture" is often noted to be critical in optimizing safety, since workers need to feel comfortable reporting errors. We performed a national survey of radiation therapists and medical dosimetrists to assess their comfort in reporting errors. We herein quantify the impact of workers’ perceptions of their workplace culture (based on prior experiences in reporting errors) on their comfort in reporting safety concerns. Methods: In 2011, a survey was mailed to 1,500 therapists and 528 dosimetrists assessing their comfort in reporting errors. The metric used to assess their perceptions of their workplace culture was if they had, or knew of staff who had been, reprimanded in the past for reporting errors. Comfort in reporting new errors among workers who have (vs. have not) experienced prior reprimand were compared using Fisher’s exact test. Results: Overall, 356 therapists from 47 states (24% response rate) and 190 dosimetrists from 35 States (36% response rate) responded to the survey. 16% of therapists and 5% of dosimetrists reported that they have been personally reprimanded for reporting an error. The proportion of workers comfortable reporting errors was lower among those with prior personal reprimand vs. those without such reprimand (47% vs. 90%, p<.0001). Similarly, 29% of therapists and 8% of dosimetrists reported that other staff members have been reprimanded for reporting, and these reprimands had a similar deterrent effect on reporting errors. On multivariate analysis, previous personal reprimand for reporting errors (OR 4.13, p=.001) and reprimand of other therapists/dosimetrists (OR 2.55, p=.03) were significantly associated with discomfort in error reporting. Conclusions: A sizable proportion of respondents in our study has been personally reprimanded or knows of staff in their facility reprimanded for reporting errors. Prior reprimand has a dramatic detrimental impact on workers’ comfort to report future concerns regarding safety. A potential opportunity for future improvement in radiation oncology treatment facilities is to encourage a culture that allows error reporting without fear of reprimand.

scholarly journals Should We Use the IMPACT-Model for the Outcome Prognostication of TBI Patients? A Qualitative Study Assessing Physicians’ Perceptions

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 238146831875798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Moskowitz ◽  
Thomas Quinn ◽  
Muhammad W. Khan ◽  
Lori Shutter ◽  
Robert Goldberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Neurocritical Care ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Decision Aids ◽  
Impact Model ◽  
Prognostic Information ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Shared Decision-Making may facilitate information exchange, deliberation, and effective decision-making, but no decision aids currently exist for difficult decisions in neurocritical care patients. The International Patient Decision Aid Standards, a framework for the creation of high-quality decision aids (DA), recommends the presentation of numeric outcome and risk estimates. Efforts are underway to create a goals-of-care DA in critically-ill traumatic brain injury (ciTBI) patients. To inform its content, we examined physicians’ perceptions, and use of the IMPACT-model, the most widely validated ciTBI outcome model, and explored physicians’ preferences for communicating prognostic information towards families. Methods. We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews in 20 attending physicians (neurosurgery,neurocritical care,trauma,palliative care) at 7 U.S. academic medical centers. We used performed qualitative content analysis of transcribed interviews to identify major themes. Results. Only 12 physicians (60%) expressed awareness of the IMPACT-model; two stated that they “barely” knew the model. Seven physicians indicated using the model at least some of the time in clinical practice, although none used it exclusively to derive a patient’s prognosis. Four major themes emerged: the IMPACT-model is intended for research but should not be applied to individual patients; mistrust in the IMPACT-model derivation data; the IMPACT-model is helpful in reducing prognostic variability among physicians; concern that statistical models may mislead families about a patient’s prognosis. Discussion: Our study identified significant variability of the awareness, perception, and use of the IMPACT-model among physicians. While many physicians prefer to avoid conveying numeric prognostic estimates with families using the IMPACT-model, several physicians thought that they “ground” them and reduce prognostic variability among physicians. These findings may factor into the creation and implementation of future ciTBI-related DAs.

Crisis Management Teams (CMT): Leveraging the Science of Team Performance under Stress

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 546-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Shawn Burke ◽  
Katherine A. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Real World ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Management Teams ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Work Skills ◽  
Explicit Training ◽  
The Impact

Crisis management teams play a vital role in our nation's ability to effectively respond to disaster situations. However, the tasks that these teams perform happen infrequently and are often ambiguous and dynamic in nature. Furthermore, they involve interdependent action from many different organizations that may not work together on a regular basis. While it is common to train members in task-work skills, less common is the explicit training of teamwork skills. Research and real-world examples show that teamwork is not an automatic consequence of being in a team. As CMTs are often interdisciplinary and operate in environments characterized by stressors effective teamwork becomes even more of a challenge. Several communities have invested heavily into understanding the impact of stress on teamwork and decision-making within complex environments. The focus of this paper will be extracting lessons from these communities in an effort to provide guidance to CMTs.

Customer Orientation, Learning Orientation, and New Service Development

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayhan Tajeddini
Keyword(s):  
Customer Orientation ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Learning Orientation ◽  
New Service Development ◽  
Subsequent Effect ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Hotel Managers ◽  
The Impact

Although many studies have investigated the role of customer orientation and learning orientation on a firm’s performance in small, medium, and large enterprises, the literature provides little empirical evidence about the role of customer orientation and learning orientation within the hotel industry. This current work investigates the influence of these variables on new service development and their subsequent effect on performance (financial and perceptual). Also, the impact of participating managers’ positive attitude toward change on new service development has been examined. Using data from hotel managers and owners located in Switzerland, several hypotheses have been formulated and tested. The findings not only verify aspects of prior research but also provide a new insight by exploring customer orientation, learning orientation, and new service development simultaneously, revealing how these factors affect the performance of the Swiss hotel industry. Although support for some hypotheses was found, these results need to be evaluated in light of the limitations, which moderate the contribution and also provide areas for further research.

scholarly journals The Role of Implicit and Explicit Staff Attitudes in the Use of Coercive Measures in Psychiatry

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika Vandamme ◽  
Alexandre Wullschleger ◽  
Amelie Garbe ◽  
Celline Cole ◽  
Andreas Heinz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Staff Attitudes ◽  
Coercive Measures ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
The Impact

Many determinants leading to the use of different coercive measures in psychiatry have been widely studied and it seems that staff attitudes play a crucial role when it comes to the decision-making process about using coercion. However, research results about staff attitudes and their role in the use of coercive measures are inconsistent. This might be due to a focus on self-report studies asking for explicit answers, which involves the risk of bias. This study aimed to expand research on this topic by examining the impact of explicit and implicit staff attitudes on the use of coercive measures in clinical practice. In addition, the influence of gender, profession (nurses, psychiatrists), and years of professional experience as well as their influence on staff attitudes were examined. An adaption of the implicit association measure, the Go/No-Go Association Task (GNAT), with the target category coercion and distracter stimuli describing work load, as well as the explicit questionnaire Staff Attitudes to Coercion Scale (SACS) was completed by staff (N = 149) on 13 acute psychiatric units in 6 hospitals. Data on coercive measures as well as the total number of treated cases for each unit was collected. Results showed that there was no association between staff's implicit and explicit attitudes toward coercion, and neither measure was correlated with the local frequency of coercive measures. ANOVAs showed a significant difference of the GNAT result for the factor gender (F = 9.32, p = 0.003), demonstrating a higher tendency to justify coercion among female staff members (M = −0.23, SD = ±0.35) compared to their male colleagues (M = −0.41, SD = ±0.31). For the SACS, a significant difference was found for the factor profession (F = 7.58, p = 0.007), with nurses (M = 2.79, SD = ±1.40) showing a more positive attitude to the use of coercion than psychiatrists (M = 2.15, SD = ±1.11). No significant associations were found regarding the extent of professional experience. Results indicate a complex interaction between implicit and explicit decision-making processes dependent on specific contexts. We propose future research to include primers for more context-related outcomes. Furthermore, differences in gender suggest a need to direct attention toward occupational safety and possible feelings of anxiety in the workplace, especially for female staff members.

Global practices and prospects of strategic accounting methods for the Russian banks

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-444
Author(s):  
Xenia Yurievna Kotova ◽  
◽  
Anastasiya Alekseevna Lapteva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
The Impact

Fluctuating economic environment and the development of digital technologies highlight the need to update strategic accounting and analysis methods aimed at assessing the reliability of banks and ensuring their sustainable development. The article systematized modern tools for strategic accounting of banking activities, the tools being globally applied by regulatory authorities and potential investors to assess the efficiency of banking activities, to identify the areas for development and to adjust the strategy chosen by the banks, to obtain comprehensive information on the creditworthiness of credit users. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the prospects for the strategic accounting methods in the activities of the Russian banks and to develop the indicators that increase the assessment reliability in management decision making. The study shows that the challenges faced by the Russian banking practices in adapting the advanced international approaches are related to the significant differences in the business models of credit institutions, the lack of ratings for corporate governance and bank reputation, the underdeveloped assessment approaches to the creditworthiness of credit users with regard to their industry, and the lack of reporting information under IFRS. Practices of strategic accounting for banks activities are upgraded by digital technologies as simulation tools for a large number of processes and as tools aimed to reduce the number of routine operations, to improve the accuracy of calculations, to process and store large databases for effective interaction and information exchange. A comprehensive rating assessment should include both financial indicators and information characterizing the efficiency of the bank performance, its reputation, its external environment and the impact of the economic, political context, environmental and social aspects of banking activities. The novelty of the research is to substantiate the prospects for the development of strategic accounting in the banking sector and to expand the system of indicators to assess the financial condition and reliability of banks, ensuring that findings and predictive assessments are more objective for informed management and investment decision making. The results of the research can be useful for investors, banking supervision authorities, banking specialists, risk management experts, and scientists interested in developing strategic accounting tools in banks. Further research is linked to the need to solve the problem of ensuring reliability and homogeneity of information used in compiling tank ratings, as well as to develop specialized software and applications for the outside users to perform a comparative analysis of banks reliability and for the bank management to monitor activities and to adjust the development strategy.

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