Selection of source material for selection spring bread wheat by economic-valuable signs

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (84) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Lidiya Andrushchenko ◽  
◽  
Maria Fedorova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Spring Bread Wheat ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the inheritance of a high development rate in the Rimax and Rico lines of spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 182 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
B. V. Rigin ◽  
Е. V. Zuev ◽  
А. S. Andreeva ◽  
I. I. Matvienko ◽  
Z. S. Pyzhenkova
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Development Rate ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Spring Bread Wheat ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Ctab Method ◽  
Early Ripening

Background. Development of early-ripening spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars is an important task for Russian breeders. Knowledge of the genetics of ultraearly varieties – sources of valuable genes that determine an earlier-maturing type of plant development –will be used to work out methods for obtaining source material for breeding.Materials and methods. The ultra-early lines Rico (k65588, var. erythrospermum Koern.) and Rimax (k-67257, var. lutescens (Alef.) Mansf.), and cvs. ‘Max’ (k-57181, var. lutescens) and ‘Leningradskaya 6’ (k-64900, var. lutescens) were studied. Alleles of the Vrn and Ppd genes were identified by PCR according to known publications, and genomic DNA was isolated from 3-day-old seedlings by the CTAB method.Results. In the environments of Northwest Russia, the Rimax and Rico lines are characterized by the highest rate of development before heading among the spring wheat accessions from the VIR collection. In the Rimax and Rico genotypes, the Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1 and Ppd-D1 genes were found. Genotypes with different alleles of Ppd-D1 and Vrn-B1 were identified in the Rimax line. Under conditions of a long day (18 hours), in the population of F2  (F3 ) Rico × Rimax hybrids, the ratio of phenotypes with a high development rate to all others was observed as 1 : 15 (χ2 1: 15 = 0.64). Under a short day (12 hours), 5 clearly tested groups were identified in F2 with the ratio 1 : 4 : 6 : 4 : 1 (χ2  = 3.03; χ2 0.05 = 9.48), which indicates the manifestation of cumulative polymerization.Conclusion. Each of the Rimax and Rico lines has two pairs of independent duplicated genes that determine a high development rate. Under short-day conditions, these genes can interact like cumulative polymers. The Rimax and Rico lines, due to their high development rate, are valuable source material to be used in breeding for earliness.

scholarly journals The Strategy for Marker-Assisted Breeding of Anthocyanin-Rich Spring Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars in Western Siberia

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1603
Author(s):  
Elena Gordeeva ◽  
Vladimir Shamanin ◽  
Olesya Shoeva ◽  
Tatyana Kukoeva ◽  
Alexey Morgounov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
The West ◽  
Spring Bread Wheat ◽  
Morphological Marker ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Selection Of

In wheat, anthocyanin pigments can be accumulated in pericarp tissues (under control of the Pp genes) resulting in purple-colored grain. In the current study, a strategy, based on the use of molecular and morphological markers, was applied to create purple-grained bread wheat cultivars adapted to the West Siberian region. The breeding scheme started from crossing of recipients (elite cultivars and lines) with donor lines carrying dominant alleles of the complementary genes Pp3 and Pp-D1. The F2 hybrids passed three-step marker-assisted selection, and those having dominant Pp-D1Pp-D1Pp3Pp3 genotypes were backcrossed with the recurrent parents. The desired BC1F2-3 progenies were selected using morphological marker, while BC1F3 also passed through field evaluation. At this stage, 120 lines were selected and planted in individual 1 m2 “breeding nursery (BN) plots” for assessment of heading dates, duration of vegetation period, resistance to powdery mildew, stem and leaf rusts, protein and gluten content, as well as productivity. After these investigations, a total of 17 promising anthocyanin-rich purple-grained lines characterized by multiple resistance and having best yield/quality characteristics were finally candidates for selection of commercial cultivars adapted to the West Siberian climate and suitable for functional food production.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Association and Prediction of Male and Female Floral Hybrid Potential Traits in Elite Spring Bread Wheat Genotypes

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 895
Author(s):  
Samira El Hanafi ◽  
Souad Cherkaoui ◽  
Zakaria Kehel ◽  
Ayed Al-Abdallat ◽  
Wuletaw Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Selection ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Floral Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Spring Bread Wheat ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Anther Length ◽  
Anther Extrusion

Hybrid wheat breeding is one of the most promising technologies for further sustainable yield increases. However, the cleistogamous nature of wheat displays a major bottleneck for a successful hybrid breeding program. Thus, an optimized breeding strategy by developing appropriate parental lines with favorable floral trait combinations is the best way to enhance the outcrossing ability. This study, therefore, aimed to dissect the genetic basis of various floral traits using genome-wide association study (GWAS) and to assess the potential of genome-wide prediction (GP) for anther extrusion (AE), visual anther extrusion (VAE), pollen mass (PM), pollen shedding (PSH), pollen viability (PV), anther length (AL), openness of the flower (OPF), duration of floret opening (DFO) and stigma length. To this end, we employed 196 ICARDA spring bread wheat lines evaluated for three years and genotyped with 10,477 polymorphic SNP. In total, 70 significant markers were identified associated to the various assessed traits at FDR ≤ 0.05 contributing a minor to large proportion of the phenotypic variance (8–26.9%), affecting the traits either positively or negatively. GWAS revealed multi-marker-based associations among AE, VAE, PM, OPF and DFO, most likely linked markers, suggesting a potential genomic region controlling the genetic association of these complex traits. Of these markers, Kukri_rep_c103359_233 and wsnp_Ex_rep_c107911_91350930 deserve particular attention. The consistently significant markers with large effect could be useful for marker-assisted selection. Genomic selection revealed medium to high prediction accuracy ranging between 52% and 92% for the assessed traits with the least and maximum value observed for stigma length and visual anther extrusion, respectively. This indicates the feasibility to implement genomic selection to predict the performance of hybrid floral traits with high reliability.

scholarly journals CSCS: a chromatin state interface for Chinese Spring bread wheat

aBIOTECH ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Ran ◽  
Tengfei Tang ◽  
Meiyue Wang ◽  
Luhuan Ye ◽  
Yili Zhuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Chromatin State ◽  
Spring Bread Wheat

Selection of large seed and high yielding lines of bread wheat for drought conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-606
Author(s):  
Dilmurodov Sherzod Dilmurodovich ◽  
Shodiyev Sherzod Shomiljonovich ◽  
Abdumajidov Jaloliddin Raxmatullaevich ◽  
Hayitov Azizbek Sherkulovich ◽  
Mavlanov Javokhir Sarvar Ogli
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Large Seed ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals THE ESTIMATION OF PEAS COLLECTION IN THE ALTAI

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
S. K. Shchukis ◽  
E. R. Shchukis
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Diverse Source ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Vast Territory

The article emphasizes the importance of peas as a source of vegetative protein, and indicates on insufficient areas under peas both in Russia and in the Altai. One of the reasons of reducing its acreage is the high costs on peas planting and protecting from pests, diseases and weeds. Climate changing contributes to rapid development of such harmful diseases as ascohitoz, bacteriosis, fusarium, rust, significant number of weevil, pea aphid and moth mullet. Considering the main directions in pea breeding, it should be emphasized that the Altai Area, with its vast territory and diverse natural and climatic conditions, requires highly productive, well-adapted varieties of different use which are capable to effectively use agro-climatic resources of different zones. All this requires the active study of the source material, the selection of new, economically valuable forms and their introduction into the breeding process. It has been noted that the production requires more advanced varieties, the development of which is impossible without the presence of diverse source material. The purpose of the study was to identify the best productive plants in the pea collection of 2012-2017. The material has been represented by 113 variety samples of domestic and foreign selection. The varieties with best productivity were ‘Mnogoplodny 163’, ‘Rheinperle’, ‘Flagman 12’, ‘806’9, ‘Varyag’, ‘Altaisky Usaty’, ‘Pioner’, ‘LittleMarwel’, ‘Mnogoplodny 27’, ‘Zeleny Tsukat’, ‘Ryadovoy’, ‘576/80’. The best forage productivity was produced by ‘Novosibirets’, ‘Varyag’, ‘Pino’, ‘Zeleny Tsukat’, ‘Mnogoplodny 105’. The most fast-ripening varieties were ‘Rheinperle’ and ‘Pyrama’. The samples ‘Novosibirets’, ‘Varyag’, ‘Pino’ and ‘8067’ were characterized with high plant height. The samples ‘Pyrama’, ‘Flagman 12’, ‘Novosibirets’, ‘Sihirobana-Kinusaja’, the line ‘312’ produced large-sized kernels. The great lodge resistance has been shown by ‘Altaisky Usaty’, ‘Svetozar’, ‘Kamerton’, ‘Flagman 12’.

scholarly journals Analysis of Glu-1 loci in samples of rare wheat species and their hybrides

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 120-125
Author(s):  
S. M. Sichkar ◽  
L. H. Velykozhon ◽  
O. V. Dubrovna ◽  
B. V. Morgun
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Dasypyrum Villosum ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
Triticum Spelta ◽  
Spring Bread Wheat ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
Allele Composition

Aim. Determination of the allelic composition of Glu-1 loci in samples of rare wheat species and their hybrids with spring bread wheat. Methods. PCR analysis. Results. In existing collection samples of the rare wheat species the alleles of the a/c loci Glu-A1 were found, while allele b was found only in T.dicoccum, var. volgense (Emmer Kokchetavskaya). An additional amplicon with a length of 450 bp was found in the Glu-A1 locus in the sample (T. dicoccum × Dasypyrum villosum), and in (Ae. ventricosa × T. dicoccum) another one a length of 700 bp in genome B, was found require further research. Among hexaploid wheat, it was revealed genotypes differing in the presence of alleles a and d of the locus Glu-D1. The hybridity of the received forms has been confirmed, as evidenced by the identification of both parent components in the hybrids or alleles of the Glu-D1 locus of bread wheat in hybrids with emmer. Conclusions. Analysis of the allele composition of Glu1 locuses in samples of rare wheat species and their hybrids with bread wheat allowed to select genotypes and hybrid combinations that may be promising for further breeding work. Keywords: Triticum spelta L., T. dicoccum, hybrids, PCR analysis, Glu-1 locus.

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