scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Q fever in small ruminants in the northeast Anatolian region in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (05) ◽  
pp. 6522-2021
Author(s):  
PERIHAN SERIFOĞLU BAGATIR ◽  
BIRAY OKUMUS ◽  
EDIZ KAAN OZGEN ◽  
MUSTAFA ULUCAN ◽  
BERNA YANMAZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Goat Population

The aim of our study was to determine the seroepidemiological profile of Q fever in small ruminants in Turkey and to examine its prevalence changes over the years. The study included 573 serum samples taken in 2013 and 472 samples taken in 2017 from animals in mixed herds of sheep and goats from 84 farms in Northeast Anatolia. Phase I and phase II IgG antibodies against Coxiella burnetii in serum samples were investigated by IDEXX ELISA (Q fever Ab Test IDEXX Laboratories, USA) indirect ELISA kits. Seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii IgG in Artvin, Gümüşhane and Iğdır provinces was 5.6% in sheep, 1.8% in goats and 4.5% in total in 2013. In contrast, it was 24.4% in sheep, 1.1% in goats and 20.1% in total in 2017. According to the total seroprevalence rates calculated by including both sheep and goat population, it was seen that the province with the highest seroprevalence change in these animals was Iğdır with a 7.3-fold increase. Herd-level seroprevalence was 29.4% in 2013 and 57.6% in 2017. According to these results, the C. burnetii IgG seroprevalence nearly doubled after four years. This increase has been evaluated as a major risk for animal and human health as well as for the livestock economy in Northeastern Anatolia, where animal husbandry is intense.

scholarly journals Serological survey of Coxiella burnetii infections in dairy cattle, sheep, goats and zoo animals in Hungary – Short communication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Dobos ◽  
István Fodor ◽  
Gerda Kiss ◽  
Miklós Gyuranecz
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Ruminant Species ◽  
Zoo Animals

AbstractQ fever is a disease of high zoonotic potential, but interest in its causative agent is rather low although it causes some public health problems in Hungary. The prevalence of Q fever is highly variable by country. The main reservoirs of the disease are the same domestic ruminant species everywhere, but the epidemiological profile depends on the features of the specific reservoir. The aim of this large-scale study was to demonstrate the importance of Q fever in different species as a possible source for human infection in most regions of Hungary. A total of 851 serum samples from 44 dairy farms, 16 sheep flocks, 4 goat farms and 3 zoos located in different parts of Hungary were tested. The presence of antibodies to Coxiella burnetii was surveyed in dairy cattle (n = 547), goats (n = 71), sheep (n = 200) and zoo animals (n = 33). The animal species tested in Hungary showed different seroprevalence values of C. burnetii infection. Seropositivity by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was found in 258 out of 547 (47.2%) cows and in 69 out of 271 (25.5%) small ruminants, among them in 47 out of 200 (23.5%) sheep and in 22 out of 71 (31.0%) goats. Antibodies to C. burnetii were not detected in zoo animals. Seropositivity was demonstrated in 44 out of 44 (100%) dairy cattle farms, with at least one serum sample found to be positive on each farm. The seropositivity rate of small ruminant farms was 55.0% (11 positive out of 20 tested), with 9 out of 16 (56.3%) sheep flocks and 2 out of 4 (50.0%) goat herds showing seropositivity.

scholarly journals Q-Fever Antibodies in Romanian Small Ruminants

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Stelian BARAITAREANU ◽  
Marius DAN ◽  
Doina DANES
Keyword(s):  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Sampling System ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Positive Results

Small ruminants serum samples from Romanian Counties were investigated by iELISA Q-fever Coxiella burnetii Antibody test kit (IDEXX Laboratories, Liebefeld-Bern, Switzerland), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. In Giurgiu County 10/15 goats serum samples were positive and all sheep samples (6/6) were negative. In Sibiu County 5/75 sheep samples were positive. In Constanta County all goat samples (10/10) were negative. In Braila County all goat samples (95/95) were negative and 10/55 sheep samples were positive. Prevalence of sero-positive results and their distribution does not provide enough data to design a surveillance program, but support the hypothesis of the presence of the pathogen in Braila, Giurgiu and Sibiu Counties. Further studies must be carry on statistically relevant sampling system.

scholarly journals Serological and Molecular Investigation of Coxiella burnetii in Small Ruminants and Ticks in Punjab, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qudrat Ullah ◽  
Hosny El-Adawy ◽  
Tariq Jamil ◽  
Huma Jamil ◽  
Zafar Iqbal Qureshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Insight Into

Coxiellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii affecting the productive and reproductive capabilities of animals. This study was conducted to gain insight into the seroprevalence of coxiellosis in small ruminants in seven farms of the Punjab, Pakistan. Potential risk factors were assessed. In total, 1000 serum samples (500 from sheep and 500 from goats) and 163 ticks were collected from the ruminants. All these 163 ticks were merged into 55 pools (29 pools for ticks from sheep and 26 pools for ticks from goat). Serum samples were investigated using an indirect ELISA and PCR. Coxiella burnetii DNA was detected in 29 pooled seropositive samples and 11 pooled ticks by real-time qPCR. Serological analysis revealed a prevalence of 15.6% and 15.0% in sheep and goats, respectively. A significant association was found between seropositivity and different variables like district, lactational status, reproductive status, body condition and reproductive disorders. Univariate analysis showed that detection of C. burnetii DNA in tick pools was significantly associated with the presence of ticks on sheep and goats. However, a non-significant association was found for the prevalence of C. burnetii DNA in serum pools. Hence, C. burnetii infection is prevalent in small ruminants and ticks maintained at livestock farms in Punjab, Pakistan.

Seroepidemiology of Q fever in New Brunswick and Manitoba

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1043-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Marrie
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Immunofluorescence Test ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence Test

A seroepidemiological survey, using an indirect immunofluorescence test, was carried out on serum samples obtained from New Brunswick and Manitoba blood donors during 1986. The antigens were Coxiella burnetii phase I and phase II from strain Nine Mile. Eighty of the 503 (15.9%) Manitoba blood donors had a phase II antibody titer of ≥ 1:8, while 41 (4.2%) of the 966 New Brunswick blood donors had such antibodies. We have recently diagnosed three cases of Q fever in New Brunswick but none have been diagnosed in Manitoba. Our data suggest that Q fever may be increasing in New Brunswick and repeated seroepidemiological studies are indicated. It is likely that undetected cases of Q fever are occurring in Manitoba.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence Coxiella burnetii among cows and sheep in Thi-Qar Province/ Iraq

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Journal Manager ◽  
J. Abed, A.A Salih, and A. Abd-ul-husien
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Serum Samples

The aim of this study is detecting antibodies of phase I and phase II of Coxiella burnetii bacterium, the cause of Q-fever, a zoonotic diesase in humans and animals in Thi-Qar province.Out of 393 serum samples collected randomly from Thi-Qar province from aborted and non aborted cows and ewes, the results appeared that 29 (7.37%) samples of cows and ewes were seropositive for C. burnetii distributed as 16 seropositive samples of 172 cows (9.3%) and 13 seropositive samples of 221 sheep (5.8%).the most positive cases associated with abortion cases with ratio (92.3%) in ewes and (75%) in cows.

scholarly journals Contributions of lipopolysaccharide and the type IVB secretion system to Coxiella burnetii vaccine efficacy and reactogenicity

npj Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie M. Long ◽  
Paul A. Beare ◽  
Diane C. Cockrell ◽  
Jonathan Fintzi ◽  
Mahelat Tesfamariam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Vaccine Efficacy ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Secretion System ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine ◽  
Type Ivb Secretion ◽  
Type Ivb Secretion System

AbstractCoxiella burnetii is the bacterial causative agent of the zoonosis Q fever. The current human Q fever vaccine, Q-VAX®, is a fixed, whole cell vaccine (WCV) licensed solely for use in Australia. C. burnetii WCV administration is associated with a dermal hypersensitivity reaction in people with pre-existing immunity to C. burnetii, limiting wider use. Consequently, a less reactogenic vaccine is needed. Here, we investigated contributions of the C. burnetii Dot/Icm type IVB secretion system (T4BSS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in protection and reactogenicity of fixed WCVs. A 32.5 kb region containing 23 dot/icm genes was deleted in the virulent Nine Mile phase I (NMI) strain and the resulting mutant was evaluated in guinea pig models of C. burnetii infection, vaccination-challenge, and post-vaccination hypersensitivity. The NMI ∆dot/icm strain was avirulent, protective as a WCV against a robust C. burnetii challenge, and displayed potentially altered reactogenicity compared to NMI. Nine Mile phase II (NMII) strains of C. burnetii that produce rough LPS, were similarly tested. NMI was significantly more protective than NMII as a WCV; however, both vaccines exhibited similar reactogenicity. Collectively, our results indicate that, like phase I LPS, the T4BSS is required for full virulence by C. burnetii. Conversely, unlike phase I LPS, the T4BSS is not required for vaccine-induced protection. LPS length does not appear to contribute to reactogenicity while the T4BSS may contribute to this response. NMI ∆dot/icm represents an avirulent phase I strain with full vaccine efficacy, illustrating the potential of genetically modified C. burnetii as improved WCVs.

A study of the correlation between Coxiella burnetii seropositivity and abortions in sheep in Eastern and Southeastern Turkey

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Kilic ◽  
Hakan Kalender
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Eastern Anatolia ◽  
Obligate Intracellular Bacterium ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Elisa Kit

Q fever is a zoonotic disease that occurs worldwide and is caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii. Infected animals are usually asymptomatic, but infection can cause abortion and stillbirth in ruminants. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate prevalance of Coxiella burnetii infection in aborted and nonaborted sheep serum samples in Eastern Anatolia region by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The determine of prevalance in sheep flocks from four provinces (Elazig, Malatya, Tunceli, Bitlis) and tested for anti-C.burnetii antibody detection, by means of Chekit Q fever Elisa kit. 350 serum samples obtained from flocks belonging aborted sheep showed that a total of 56 (16%) were detected seropositivity, whereas 171 serum samples obtained from nonaborted sheep flocks in 13 of the 171 (7.60%) for C.burnetii in seropositivity were observed. Coxiellosis should be considered an important cause of sheep with abortion history and nonaborted in Elazig and neighboring provinces.

scholarly journals Animals withCoxiella burnetiiInfection Demonstrate a Western Immunoblot Profile of Chronic Q Fever in Humans

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
TJ Marrie ◽  
Linda Yates
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Western Immunoblotting ◽  
Western Immunoblot ◽  
Chronic Q Fever

Western immunoblotting was used to compare the immune response toCoxiella burnetiiphase I and phase II antigens of humans with acute and chronic Q fever with that of infected cats, rabbits, cows and raccoons. The cats, rabbits, cows and raccoons had an immunoblot profile similar to that of the human with chronic Q fever.

Serological evidence of Coxiella burnetii exposure in native marsupials and introduced animals in Queensland, Australia

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (7) ◽  
pp. 1304-1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. COOPER ◽  
M. GOULLET ◽  
J. MITCHELL ◽  
N. KETHEESAN ◽  
B. GOVAN
Keyword(s):  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Australian Isolate ◽  
Brushtail Possum ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Serological Evidence ◽  
Serum Samples

SUMMARYThe state of Queensland has the highest incidence of Q fever in Australia. In recent years, there has been an increase in human cases where no contacts with the typical reservoir animals or occupations were reported. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii in Australian native animals and introduced animals in northern and southeastern Queensland. Australian native marsupials sampled included the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) and common northern bandicoot (Isoodon macrourus). Introduced species sampled included dingoes (Canis lupus dingo), cats (Felis catus), foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and pigs (Sus scrofa). Serum samples were tested by ELISA for both phase II and phase I antigens of the organism using an Australian isolate. The serological evidence of C. burnetii infection demonstrated in these species has public health implications due to their increasing movement into residential areas in regional Queensland. This study is the first known investigation of C. burnetii seroprevalence in these species in northern Queensland.

scholarly journals Serological evidence and factors associated with porcine toxoplasmosis in three villages of Fara’s division in Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 2172-2180
Author(s):  
Laibané Dieudonné Dahourou ◽  
Oubri Bassa Gbati ◽  
Arnaud Rayangnéwêndé Stéphane Tapsoba ◽  
Saandi Moina Riziki ◽  
Amadou Traore
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Serological Evidence ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Factors Associated

Porcine toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis. This study was conducted to establish evidence of toxoplasmosis and its associated factors among pigs in three villages of Balés province, Burkina Faso. Serums samples were collected from 182 pigs and data was collected on farmers’ sociodemographics, origin (village) of pigs, pigs’ sex, age, breed and keeping systems through a household questionnaire interview. Serum samples were analyzed using indirect ELISA targeting IgG antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii. Results of the study showed an overall sero-prevalence of 16.5 % (95% CI: 11.1% – 21.9%). The sero-prevalence was higher in Toné (23.1%; 95% CI: 12.8% – 33.3%) and Kabourou (20.7%; 95% CI: 10.3% – 31.1%) compared to Sadon Bobo (5.1%; 95% CI: 0% – 10.7%) (p=0.01). It was also higher in pigs older than 12 months (23.2%; 95% CI: 14.9% – 31.5%) compared to pigs less than 12 months (8.4%; 95% CI: 02.4% – 14.4%) (p=0.00731). During rainy season, tethered pigs (7.1%; CI95: 0.40% – 13.8%) were less infected than housed pigs (20.6%; 95% CI: 11.1% – 21.9%) (p=0.02). Multivariate logistic regression model shows that pigs older than 12 months were more likely to get infected compared to pigs less than 12 months old (OR = 2.58; 95% CI = 1.00 - 6.62; p=0.04). These results provided evidence for the presence of T. gondii in pigs in this area.Keywords: Burkina Faso, pigs, Toxoplasma gondii, seroepidemiological studies, zoonosis.  

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