Alcohol Use and Non-Communicable Diseases, is there a Relationship?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-265
Author(s):  
Nelson Sabila
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

scholarly journals Prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Aligarh: a community based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 2576
Author(s):  
Riyaz Ahmad S. ◽  
Mohd Haroon Khan ◽  
M. Athar Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCD) are now recognized as major cause of morbidity and mortality. All countries, irrespective of their stage of economic development or demographic and epidemiological transition, face an increasing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases.Methods: This is a community based cross sectional study conducted at field practice areas of the urban and rural health training centers, Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh. 640 study subject’s age group 18-65 years. Systematic random sampling and proportionate to population size method (PPS). SPSS version 13 and Chi-square was used to analyse the data.Results: The age group for the present study was chosen to be 18-65 years of age. The study population consisted of 340 females and 300 males. 27.1% belong to younger age group (18-25 years), whereas in urban areas majority (27.3%) belongs to 26-35 years age group. Also, the study group comprised of higher percentage of females (53%) compared to males (47%).129 (20.2%) subjects were found to be current smokers. Only 4 (1.3%) women were smokers. The prevalence of smokeless tobacco use which was found to be 21.6% (28.3% in males and 15.6% in females). The prevalence of current alcohol use in our study to be 10.3% in males and 0.6% in females. The overall prevalence of alcohol use was 5.2%. Alcohol use showed inverse relation with socioeconomic class, About 87% of the respondents did not have sufficient intake of fruits and vegetables. The physical inactivity during work was more in males (30.7%) compared to females (15.5%. Mean body weight, BMI and waist circumference showed significant changes with age in both sexes.Conclusions: It can be concluded from our study that the burden of risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among the rural and urban areas of Aligarh is quite high.

scholarly journals Alcohol consumption, obesity and hypertension: Relationship patterns along different age groups in Uganda

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazarius Mbona Tumwesigye ◽  
Gerald Mutungi ◽  
Silver Bahendeka ◽  
Ronald Wesonga ◽  
Monica H. Swahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Relationship Patterns ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

AbstractIntroductionUganda is experiencing a significant increase in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases including hypertension and obesity. Frequent alcohol use is also highly prevalent in Uganda and is a key risk factor for both hypertension and obesity. This study determines the trends of frequent alcohol consumption, hypertension and obesity across different age groups, and the extent to which alcohol consumption affects the two.MethodsThe data were extracted from the 2014 National Non-communicable Diseases Risk Factor Survey (N=3,987) conducted among adults aged 18 to 69 years. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140mmHG or diastolic blood pressure ≥90. Obesity was defined as body mass index >30 kg/m2. Frequent alcohol consumption was defined as alcohol use 3 or more times a week. Multivariable log binomial regression analysis was carried out for each of the two outcome variables against age group and controlled for frequency of alcohol consumption and few other independent factors. Non-parametric tests were used to compare trends of prevalence ratios across age groups. Modified Poisson regression was use in few instances when the model failed to converge.ResultsThe results showed increasing trend in the prevalence of hypertension and frequent alcohol consumption but a declining trend for obesity along different age groups (p<0.01). Frequency of alcohol consumption did not significantly modify the age group-hypertension and age group-obesity relationships although the effect was significant with ungrouped age. There was significance in difference of fitted lines for hypertension prevalence ratios between frequent drinkers and mild drinkers and between abstainers and frequent drinkers. Alcohol consumption did not have any significant effect on obesity-age group relationship.ConclusionThe results call for more research to understand the effect of alcohol on the hypertension-age relationship, and the obesity-age relationship. Why prevalence ratios for hypertension decline among those who take alcohol most frequently is another issue that needs further research.

scholarly journals Quantification of disparities in the distribution of lifestyle and metabolic risk factors, prevalence of non-communicable diseases and related mortality: the Belgian Health Interview Surveys 1997–2018

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e053260
Author(s):  
Elly Mertens ◽  
Diana Sagastume ◽  
José L Peñalvo
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Interview ◽  
Excessive Alcohol ◽  
Lifestyle Risks

ObjectivesComprehensively measure the trends in health disparities by sociodemographic strata in terms of exposure to lifestyle and metabolic risks, and prevalence and mortality of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) during the last 20 years in Belgium.DesignCross-sectional analysis of periodic national-representative health interview surveys and vital statistics.SettingPopulation-based study of adult residents in Belgium between 1997 and 2018.ParticipantsAdults aged 25–84 years and resident in Belgium in the years 1997 (7256 adults), 2001 (8665), 2004 (9054), 2008 (7343), 2013 (7704) and 2018 (8358).Main outcome measureAge-standardised prevalence rates of modifiable lifestyle risks (poor diet, smoking, excessive alcohol use and leisure-time physical inactivity), metabolic risks (high body mass index (BMI), blood pressure and cholesterol levels) and major NCDs (type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancer, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)), with their relative health disparities across strata by age, sex, region of residence, nationality, education and income level, and according to high versus low engagement in the four lifestyle risks, calculated from a survey-weighted age-adjusted logistic regression.ResultsGreater avoidable disparities were observed between extremes of education and income strata. The most marked disparities were found for exposure to lifestyle risks (except excessive alcohol use), prevalence of high BMI as well as T2DM, asthma and COPD, with disparities of daily smoking and COPD worsening over time. Still, NCD-specific mortality rates were significantly higher among men (except asthma), residents of Wallonia and Brussels (except cerebrovascular disease), and among the native Belgians (except T2DM and asthma). High engagement in lifestyle risks was generally observed for men, residents of the region Wallonia, and among lower education and income strata. This subgroup (20%) had a worse health profile as compared with those who had a low-risk lifestyle (25%), shown by prevalence ratios varying between 1.1 and 1.6 for metabolic risks, and between 1.8 and 3.7 for CVD, asthma and COPD.ConclusionsImproving population health, including promoting greater health equity, requires approaches to be tailored to high-risk groups with actions tackling driving root causes of disparities seen by social factors and unhealthy lifestyle.

scholarly journals Alcohol use among adults in Uganda: findings from the countrywide non-communicable diseases risk factor cross-sectional survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Ndugwa Kabwama ◽  
Sheila Ndyanabangi ◽  
Gerald Mutungi ◽  
Ronald Wesonga ◽  
Silver K. Bahendeka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

scholarly journals 'Tobacco and alcohol use are playing critical role in the interaction of social determinants of non-communicable diseases in Nepal': a systems perspective

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudesh Raj Sharma ◽  
Anna Matheson ◽  
Danielle Lambrick ◽  
James Faulkner ◽  
David W Lounsbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Health System ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Causal Loop

Abstract Background: Tobacco and alcohol use are major behavioural risks in developing countries like Nepal contributing to rapid increase in non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This causal relationship is further complicated by the multi-level social determinants such as socio-political context, socio-economic factors and health system. Systems approach has potential to facilitate understanding of such complex causal mechanism. The objective of this paper was to describe the role of tobacco and alcohol use in the interaction of social determinants of NCDs in Nepal. Method: The study was a qualitative study design guided by the Systemic Intervention methodology. The study involved key informant interviews (n=63) and focus group discussions (n-12) at different levels (policy, district and/or community) and was informed by the adapted Social Determinants of Health Framework . The data analysis involved case study based thematic analysis using framework approach and development of causal loop diagram. The study also involved three sense making sessions with key stakeholders. Results: Five key interacting themes emerged during the data analysis. Habit and misconception relating to alcohol and tobacco use contributed to the use and addiction of tobacco and alcohol. Low focus on prevention by health system further contributed to the problem. Decline in community capital and gendered social constructs influenced tobacco and alcohol use. Socio-economic status of families/communities was discussed as a potential root cause of use and addiction of tobacco and alcohol. These interacting themes were utilized to develop iterative causal loop diagrams showing the influence of tobacco and alcohol use in the interaction of social determinants of NCDs in Nepal. Conclusion: Tobacco and alcohol use and addiction causally linked broader social determinants (social, economic and political) to NCD in the context of Nepal. These CLDs showed how socio-economic circumstances was influencing addiction and availability of tobacco and alcohol products in Nepal. A multi-sectoral response led by health system is urgently needed.

scholarly journals Prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases, undiagnosed diabetes and dyslipidemia among doctors as compared with age and gender matched adults in Delhi NCR: a hospital based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1392
Author(s):  
Varun S. Pichika ◽  
Abhishek O. Tibrewal ◽  
Narinder P. Singh ◽  
Pankaj N. Chowdhary ◽  
Rajat K. Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
And Gender

Background: Doctors, due to their work-related stress, are prone to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) risk factors (smoking, alcohol use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity) making them vulnerable to lifestyle disorders such as obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia etc. To compare the prevalence of NCDs risk factors, obesity, diabetes and dyslipidemia among doctors and healthy adults visiting preventive health clinic of Delhi tertiary care hospital.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among 100 doctors and 100 healthy subjects aged 30-60 years, without coronary heart disease and pre-existing diabetes or hypertension. The variables included were socio-demographic; risk factors, and laboratory. Descriptive analysis, chi-square or fischer exact and independent t-test was used.Results: The age (mean: 42.4 vs. 44.4; p=0.14) and gender (M: 80% vs. 76%, p=0.5) were comparable between doctors and the healthy adults. The prevalence of alcohol use (75% vs. 13%, p<0.001) and physically inactivity (42% vs. 27%, p<0.001) were higher, while the prevalence of smoking (15% vs. 31%, p<0.001) was lower among doctors versus the healthy adults. The prevalence of abnormal total cholesterol (40% vs. 25%, p=0.024) was higher, while the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes (5% vs. 18%, p=0.006), abnormal HDL (21% vs. 37%, p=0.013) and abnormal triglyceride (32% vs. 48%, p=0.021) was lower among doctors versus the healthy adults.Conclusions: The prevalence of NCDs risk factors was found to be higher among doctors versus healthy adults. Therefore, there is a need of regular health awareness and screening programs among doctors as well.

scholarly journals Profile of risk factors for Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in a highly urbanized district of India: Findings from Puducherry district-wide STEPS Survey, 2019–20

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245254
Author(s):  
Parthibane Sivanantham ◽  
Jayaprakash Sahoo ◽  
Subitha Lakshminarayanan ◽  
Zachariah Bobby ◽  
Sitanshu Sekhar Kar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Physical Measurements

Introduction Rapid urbanization and industrialization drives the rising burden of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) worldwide that are characterized by uptake of unhealthy lifestyle such as tobacco and alcohol use, physical inactivity and unhealthy diet. In India, the prevalence of various NCDs and its risk factors shows wide variations across geographic regions necessitating region-specific evidence for population-based prevention and control of NCDs. Objective To estimate the prevalence of behavioral and biological risk factors of NCDs among adult population (18–69 years) in the Puducherry district located in Southern part of India. Methodology We surveyed adults using the World Health Organization (WHO) prescribed STEPwise approach to NCD surveillance (STEPS) during February 2019 to February 2020. A total of 2560 individuals were selected from urban and rural areas (50 clusters in each) through multi-stage cluster random sampling method. STEPS instrument was used to assess behavioral and physical measurements. Fasting blood sample was collected to estimate biochemical risk factors (Diabetes, Hypercholesterolemia) of NCDs. Results Among men, alcohol use 40.4% (95% CI: 37.4–43.4) was almost twice higher compared to tobacco use 24.4% (95% CI: 21.7–26.9). Nearly half of the population was physically inactive 45.8% (95% CI: 43.8–47.8) and obese 46.1% (95% CI: 44–48.1). Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were present among one-third 33.6% (95% CI: 31.6–35.5) and one-fourth 26.7% (95% CI: 24.1–29.1) of the population which were significantly higher among men (37.1% vs 30.8% and 31.6% vs 23.2% respectively). Physical inactivity and overweight/obesity increased with increasing education levels. Tobacco and alcohol use was more common among men, whereas physical inactivity with obesity and hypercholesterolemia was higher among women. Conclusion We found high prevalence of various NCDs and its risk factors among the adult population of Puducherry district.

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