scholarly journals Emergency Contraceptives for the Prevention of Unwanted Pregnancy among the Youth in Tamale – Perspective of the Clergy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-142
Author(s):  
Abdul-malik, abdulai
Keyword(s):  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Forced Sex ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
The People ◽  
Tamale Metropolis ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
Emergency Contraceptives

Adolescent females are prone to unintended pregnancies due to the sporadic and impromptu sexual intercourse. Under such circumstances, they are unable to negotiate for safer sex. Emergency contraceptives is vital in the prevention of unintended pregnancies in such situations, but religious communities are perceived to resist modern contrasceptive. This study sought to assess the perspective of the Islamic clergy on the use EC for the prevention of pregnancy among young the people in the Tamale metropolis of the Northern Region of Ghana. A qualitative cross-sectional approach was used for this study. An in-depth interview was conducted involving a total of three clerics, one from each religious sect of the study area to assess their knowledge of EC and perspective on its use among the youth. 2 out of the 3 clerics demonstrated good knowledge of EC, including situations in which it is used and the correct time for use. They were unanimous in the use of family planning methods for birth control but indicated that it is the sole preserve of the married. They contended that the hormonal forms including EC are forbidden in Islam but in situations of forced sex; they had no objection to its use. Overall EC knowledge and awareness level among the clerics was high but strongly opposed the use of it for pregnancy prevention in general but raised no objection to its use in situations of forced sex or incest since they opined it is no fault of the victim under such circumstances.

Knowledge and Use of Emergency Contraceptive Pills among Bachelor's Level Female Students of Kathmandu Valley

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Bhu Dev Jha
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive ◽  
Emergency Contraceptives

 Emergency Contraceptive Pill (ECP) is used for preventing pregnancy after having unprotected sexual intercourse, contraceptive failure or forced sex. The use of ECP within 120 hours of sexual intercourse could prevent unwanted pregnancy and its adverse effects particularly unintended childbirth and unsafe abortion. The study, therefore, aimed to assess knowledge and use of emergency contraceptives among Bachelors level female students from Kathmandu Valley. A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken from August to November 2017 among 347 female students who were studying at the Bachelors's level. A random sampling technique was used to select study participants and a structured self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge and use of ECP after securing informed consent. Epi data and SPSS version 22 were used for data processing and analysis. The mean age of the female students was 21.5 years. Overall, 91.4% of the respondents had ever heard about emergency contraceptives. The main sources of information were radio or television, the internet and newspapers. About 4.6% of the undergraduate female students used ECP. Age, marital status, use of contraceptives and knowledge of ECP used within 72 hours were significantly associated with use of ECP. Although the findings of this study showed a high prevalence of knowledge among respondents, the improvement of female students’ knowledge on specific details of ECP and its advantages/disadvantages and timely utilization needs to be considered for any future awareness programmes.  

scholarly journals KEBIASAAN YANG MENJADI HUKUM ADAT LINTAS KELUARGA (Studi Kasus Kunjungan Setiap Hari Raya Besar Antar Umat Beragama Di Sulawesi Utara)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasetio Rumondor ◽  
Anisa Jihan Tumiwa
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
The People ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sociological Approaches ◽  
Legal Consequences

The Purpose of writing this articles is to find out the interactions and habits of the people on major holidays between religious communities in North Sulawesi. This study uses qualitative research methods, with data collection techniques based on observations, interviews and documentation studies, as well as sociological approaches with studies cross-sectional. The results of this study show that interfaith visits, especially by each family, are still strongly bound by kinship but have distance and boundaries from each religion. Then, there are legal causes and legal consequences that occur from customary law visit when religious feast day are smaller in scope, namely the family which will automatically influence the interaction of the people of North Sulawesi.

scholarly journals Do parents and adolescents talk about reproductive health? Myanmar adolescents' perspective

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Thet Nu Oo ◽  
Ko Ko Zaw ◽  
Kyu Kyu Than ◽  
The Mg Mg ◽  
Kyi Kyi Mar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
The People ◽  
Health Complications ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Hiv Aids

Adolescence is a transitional period and an important stage in an individual's life. Adolescents are at risk of adverse reproductive health outcomes such as unplanned or unwanted pregnancy, unsafe abortions, maternal health complications, and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) including HIV/AIDS. Previous studies indicate that adolescents whose parents talk to them about sex tend to be less sexually active and more likely to use an effective means of contraception. The objective of the study was to find out the level and content of communication between adolescents and their parents. Ease of communication, future intentions to discuss with parents and confidence in parents' knowledge of reproductive health were also examined. A cross sectional descriptive study using structured questionnaire was conducted among 91 adolescents (11-19 years old) in North Okkalapa Township of Yangon Division, Myanmar. The majority of the people there had little knowledge on pubertal changes and STDs, and moderate knowledge on contraception. Sixty three percent of adolescents communicated at least once with their parents on reproductive health within the last 6 months: 6.8% with fathers and 62.6% with mothers. Only 15.4% talked more than three times. Girls were more likely to communicate with mothers than boys (79% vs. 33%, P<0.001). The main topic of discussion among mother and girls is menstruation, and among mothers and boys, HIV/AIDS/STDs are mainly discussed. Regarding the ease of communication, only 15% felt comfortable talking with parents. Most of the adolescents (89%) had positive attitude towards communicating with their parents. The findings suggest the need to involve parents in existing adolescent reproductive health programs and design interventions focusing on parents to promote parent-adolescent communication. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v1i1.13219 South East Asia Journal of Public Health 2011:1:40-45

scholarly journals Determinants of EC Utilization among the Youth in the Tamale Municipality – A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
Abdul-Malik, Abdulai
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Factors Influencing

Unintended pregnancy among the adolescent globally is very high. It poses serious health risk to them and must be addressed to save the young girls. The adolescent females are mostly in unstable relations and are most unlikely to be on regular contraceptives. Sex among them is sporadic and impromptu, hence they are unable to negotiate for safer sex, which sometimes results in unintended pregnancy. Emergency contraceptives remain the only option to prevent unintended pregnancies after unprotected sex. This study, therefore, sought to determine the factors that promote EC utilization among the Muslim youth in the Tamale metropolis of the Northern region of Ghana. A community-based cross-sectional design was adopted with a mixed method approach to collect both quantitative and qualitative data using a semi-structured questionnaire and FGD guide. A multi-staged sampling technique was used to select young Muslims, both males and females aged 15-24 years. Associated factors influencing EC use were determined using Chi-square (Chi2) and logistic regression at 95% CI and significant level set at p<0.05. Socio-demographics and socio-cultural factors influencing knowledge and utilization of EC among young Muslims were; age (OR = 22.28; 95% CI 2.97-171.85; p=0.001), marital status (OR = 0.56; 95% CI 0.34-0.93; p=0.030), education (OR = 0.19; 95% CI 0.05-0.66; p<0.001), and partner approval (OR=0.23; 95% CI 0.06-0.83; p = 0.020). Significant factors that determined EC utilization were age, educational level, marital status, and partner approval.

scholarly journals The Knowledge of Unsafe Abortion among the Youth: The Case of Tamale Metropolis in the Northern Region of Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (07) ◽  
pp. 4522-4529
Author(s):  
Der EM ◽  
Ndego SR ◽  
Larbi OS ◽  
Opoku A ◽  
Nakong V
Keyword(s):  
Great Majority ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Severe Bleeding ◽  
Unsafe Abortion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safe Abortion ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Tamale Metropolis ◽  
The Mean

Background: Unsafe abortion contributes significantly to maternal deaths in Africa despite the availability of safe abortion services. This study assessed the knowledge of unsafe abortion among the youth within the Tamale Metropolis in the Northern region of Ghana. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study using structured questionnaires. Data was analysed using SPSS version 23.0 (Chicago). Result: The mean age of respondents was 23 ±10.4 years. The great majority (98.8%) (P<0.0001) have heard of unsafe abortion. The act is common among young, and unmarried women (P<0.0001). Unsafe abortion is commonly committed outside health facilities (70.9%; P<0.0001), in the communities (73.2%; P<0.0001), supervised by herbalists (53.9%), because of confidentiality (43.5%) and affordability (42.9%). Majority, (77.4%; P<0.0001) have heard of a method of unsafe abortion. The commonly used method was herbal preparation/medicine (264 (77.6%); P<0.0001). The two major reasons for unsafe abortion were: to allow the victim continue with education (47.4%) and to avoid difficulties in caring for the pregnancy and child (25.9%). Approximately, 99.4% (P<0.0001) were aware of some complications associated with unsafe abortion, particularly death (38.8%) and severe bleeding per vaginam (16.5%).  A total of 78 (22.9%) have ever been pregnant, and 68 (87.2%) aborted the pregnancy because their partners did not allow them to keep the pregnancy. The great majority (83.8%) have unsafe abortion at home (59.6%). Conclusion: Respondents had significant knowledge of unsafe abortion and the associated complications. Majority of the respondents who have ever been pregnant had unsafe abortion outside a health facility.

scholarly journals Utilisation of Emergency Contraception Among Final Year University Female Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Ti-enkawol Nachinab ◽  
Mubarick Nungbaso Asumah ◽  
Vida Nyagre Yakong ◽  
Edwina Pwamang ◽  
Cynthia Apawo Awe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Emergency Contraception ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Emergency Contraceptives

Abstract Introduction: Unwanted pregnancy and unsafe abortion have become serious public health concerns around the world, particularly among female students in both developed and developing countries. The general objective of this study was to investigate the utilization of emergency contraception among final-year female students of a public university in Ghana. Methods A stratified random sample was used to enroll 199 female university students for descriptive cross-sectional research. SPSS version 25 was used to analyze the data. To compare categorical variables, Chi-square analysis was employed, and a p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Majority (88.4%) of the respondents demonstrated sufficient knowledge, and 84.4% had a favorable attitude towards emergency contraceptives (ECs). On the indications for EC; after unprotected sex (65.3%), after a missed period (22.6%), when one is raped (83.4%), unwanted pregnancy (75.9%), and rupture of condoms (88.9%) were identified. The majority (59.3%) of students have used EC, with most of the students (43.7%) using Postinor-2. The overall attitude towards EC and Residence (X2=7.5; p=0.023), Religion (X2=6.2; p=0.042), and marital status (X2=17.1, p=0.001) were statistically significant. There was a significant association between the use of EC and Residence (X2=10.9; p=0.004) and marital status (X2=8.6; p=0.035). Conclusion The findings of this study indicated that students had a high degree of awareness, understanding, and attitude about EC, with a significant number of the respondents likely to utilize it in the future. This may aid in the treatment of female students' sexual and reproductive health issues and prevent dropping out of school as a result of unwanted pregnancy. Also, there is the need to engage opinion leaders to address their concerns to allow for the effective utilization of emergency contraceptives.

scholarly journals Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Utilization of Emergency Contraception Among Women of Reproductive Age in Arsi Zone, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getu Teshome Negussie ◽  
Aman Jima ◽  
Alemu Shiferaw
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Emergency Contraception ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
P Value ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Unsafe Abortion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Arsi Zone ◽  
Emergency Contraceptives

Abstract Background: Unintended pregnancies, pregnancies that occur within short intervals as well as unsafe abortion could be avoided by using contraceptives. Therefore: assessment of emergency contraceptives among unmarried women is importance because of high rates of unintended sexual intercourse leading to unwanted pregnancies as well as unsafe abortion. Methods: A cross-sectional community based household survey was conducted among 965 women chosen by systematic random sampling at Arsi zone. Descriptive statistics was presented with text and frequency tables. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was carried out by Epi Info version 5.3.1 and exported to SPSS version 21. The association was also presented using odds ratios and 95% confidence levels. P-value of < 0.05 is used to declare the significance of association between variables. Results: From the total respondent participated in the study, 373 (38.7 %), 61.8%, and 11.2% of the total unmarried women had awareness, attitude and used emergency contraception respectively. Age, educational status, occupation, having experience of sexual intercourse and having discussion on reproductive health are significantly associated with awareness of emergency contraception. Conclusions: There is high level of knowledge, but low utilization of emergency contraceptives among unmarried women. Therefore, there is a need to emphasize on increasing awareness and accessibly as an option with other contraceptive method to all unmarried women in the study area.

scholarly journals Study of knowledge, attitude and practice of copper T as a method of contraception among antenatal women

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1851
Author(s):  
Richa Malhan ◽  
Jayati Nath ◽  
Anil K. Bhusan
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: Family planning is defined by WHO as a way of thinking and living that is adopted voluntarily, upon the basis of knowledge, attitudes and responsible decisions by individuals and couples, in order to promote the health and welfare of family groups and thus contribute effectively to the social development of a country. The main objective was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding family planning and the practice of contraceptives among the antenatal women.Methods: A hospital based, cross sectional study was conducted in obstetrics and gynaecology department of SGT medical college, hospital and research institute over a period of 6 months. Convenient sampling was used to identify and interview 500 pregnant women, using a semi structured questionnaire. Data was entered and analysed with SPSSv21.Results: In our study, 74.2% participants have the knowledge about Cu-T as a method of contraception and 39% participants considered it a safe and economical method of contraception, 16.2% participants used PPIUCD and 40.2% considered it as unsafe method. Uses of PPIUCD was significantly associated with increasing age, illiteracy and non-working participants. Around one third participants were having uncertain attitude towards use of PPIUCD.Conclusions: In our study we observed that uses of PPIUCD is still lower side and there is a need to be motivate the people for effective and appropriate use of contraceptives when required and arrest the trend towards unwanted pregnancy. 

scholarly journals Magnitude of Long-acting and Permanent Family Planning Practice and Its Factors Among Contraceptive Users: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemu Abebe Wondyfraw ◽  
Nigussie Assefa Kassaw
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Family Planning Methods

Abstract Background: Poor contraceptive utilization increases the risk of unintended pregnancies that could results in complications and mortalities among women and children. To circumvent these adverse health outcomes, long-acting and permanent contraceptive methods are the most effective methods. This study explored the magnitude and associated factors of long-acting and permanent family planning methods utilization among current family planning users largely on the rural women of Ethiopia. Methods: The study was a facility-based cross-sectional study design. The respondents were randomly selected in Amhara region, Ethiopia. The data were entered into EPI-INFO version 7.0, cleaned, and analyzed in SPSS version 24. Descriptive statistics were done. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify the factors associated with the utilization of long-acting and permanent family planning methods. Results: The total numbers of respondents were 356. The prevalence of long-acting and permanent family planning methods among current family planning users was 32.3%. The mean age of participants was 30.1±7.67 (SD) years. Almost all (94.4%) were Orthodox Christian followers and most of the respondents (91.0%) married. Nearly half of the respondents (45.2%) were illiterate and above half of the respondents (55.3%) were housewives. The odds of long-acting and permanent family planning methods utilization were statistically significant among women aged 25-34 years [AOR=5.10; 95% CI: (1.48, 17.59)], women who completed secondary education [AOR=4.16; 95% CI: (1.32, 13.10)], women who had a positive attitude [AOR=3.05; 95% CI: (1.45, 6.43)], and women satisfied with facility care [AOR=2.08; 95% CI: (1.01, 4.31)]. Common reasons for low use of long-acting and permanent family planning methods were preference for short-acting contraceptives, fear of side effects, and method misconception. Conclusion: The utilization of long-acting and permanent family planning method was low. Factors and common reasons for low utilization of long-acting and permanent family planning methods among women who were current family planning users were identified. Therefore, we suggest the need to provide continuous education and awareness creation towards long-acting and permanent family planning methods. Unequivocally, enabling work environments, staff service deliveries and client service satisfaction are paramount important improve the coverage.

scholarly journals Knowledge and practice regarding the use of emergency contraception among the higher secondary students of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Bhatta ◽  
Susmita Godar ◽  
Kabita Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Emergency Contraception ◽  
Medical Abortion ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Emergency Contraceptives

Background: Emergency contraception or post coital contraception refers to methods of contraception that can be used to prevent pregnancy after sexual intercourse. Among the adolescents, premarital and unplanned sexual intercourse mostly result unintended pregnancy. In such conditions, emergency contraception is effective, safe and relatively inexpensive and can prevent pregnancies up to 95% if taken immediately or within 5 days after the sexual intercourse. Emergency contraception is available in pill form and IUD. Objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and practice of emergency contraception use among the higher secondary level students.Methods: Study includes descriptive cross-sectional method with total 190 respondents who were selected though census method of sampling. Study data were collected through semi structured questionnaire and the data was analyzed by using the SPSS version 20.Results: Mean age of the respondent was 17.8 years and 98.4% of them were unmarried. Among the total respondents only 63.7% of them have heard about the emergency contraception. About 14.2% of the respondents had experience sexual intercourse, out of those 51.8% have used emergency contraceptive method to prevent them from unintended pregnancies. Among those who had experience sexual intercourse, 22% of them got unintended pregnancies, which were managed through surgical abortion (83.3%) and medical abortion (16.7%).Conclusions: Knowledge on proper use of emergency contraceptives can prevent unintended pregnancies that may occur among the adolescents due to premarital and unplanned sexual intercourse. However, only two third of respondents have heard about the emergency contraceptives. So it is important to raise awareness on emergency contraception and its rational use among the adolescents.

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