Dissipation of Glyphosate and Glufosinate Ammonium in Soil and Weed Control in Citrus orchards, under Egyptian Conditions

In this study, material that we call mulch textile was investigated as compared with conventional polyethylene mulch nylon and mechanical and chemical control that are widely used in farmer’s conditions to weed control in newly established citrus orchards. Two different thickness of polyethylene mulch, three different thickness of mulch textiles, mowing and herbicide (glyphosate) applications were made in newly established mandarin orchard in a three-year-period (2004-2005-2006). Effects of the applications on density and coverage of weeds and height, stem thickness and leaf area of cultural plants were investigated. According to general evaluation of results of the study, mowing 23.4%, chemical control 88.4%, polyethylene mulch 99.6%, mulch textiles 100% controlled weeds than weedy control. At the most increase of height, stem thickness and leaf area of mandarin was obtained from herbicide and mulch treatments. It was determined that soil temperature and moisture are preserved by mulch applications.

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WEED CONTROL IN “LL” MAIZE TOLERANT TO GLUFOSINATE-AMMONIUM

Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo ◽

10.18512/rbms2020v19e1194 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

pp. 17

Author(s):

LEANDRO GALON ◽

MAICON RODRIGUES DA SILVA ◽

ALEXANDRE FERREIRA DA SILVA ◽

ANDRÉ DALPONTE MENEGAT ◽

RENAN PAWELKIEWICZ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Yield Loss ◽

Maize Yield ◽

Grain Weight ◽

The Other ◽

Thousand Grain Weight ◽

Glufosinate Ammonium ◽

Subsequent Application ◽

Control Spectrum ◽

Ear Number

The glufosinate-ammonium is an herbicide with contact action and, whenused in tolerant LL maize, requires associations with other products to improve the weed control spectrum and increase the residual period in the area. The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy and selectivity of glufosinate-ammonium, applied alone and in combination with other herbicides, for weed control in maize crops. The treatments consisted of two strategies. In the first one, the following herbicides were applied in pre-emergence conditions: atrazine, [atrazine + simazine], [atrazine + oil], [atrazine + S-metolachlor], and S-metolachlor; with the subsequent application of glufosinate-ammonium in post-emergence condition of maize. The second application method corresponded to the use of glufosinate-ammonium, alone and combined with nicosulfuron + mesotrione and the other products used in the first strategy, in addition to two control areas, being one weed-infested and the other weed-free. Phytotoxicity on maize and weed control were assessed. Ear insertion height, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, thousand grain weight and maize yield were determined upon harvesting. The herbicides were effective and did not cause yield loss to the crop. The herbicides applied in combination with glufosinate-ammonium were efficient in regard to weed control and selective to maize.

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Weed Control and Crop Response to Glufosinate Applied to ‘PHY 485 WRF’ Cotton

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-08-168.1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 356-362 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

A. Stanley Culpepper ◽

Alan C. York ◽

Phillip Roberts ◽

Jared R. Whitaker

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Selectable Marker ◽

Palmer Amaranth ◽

Seed Cotton ◽

Glufosinate Ammonium ◽

Crop Tolerance ◽

Percentage Points ◽

Pitted Morningglory ◽

Fourth Experiment

Field experiments were conducted in Georgia to evaluate weed control and crop tolerance with glufosinate applied to ‘PHY 485 WRF®’ cotton. This glyphosate-resistant cotton also contains a gene, used as a selectable marker, for glufosinate resistance. Three experiments were maintained weed-free and focused on crop tolerance; a fourth experiment focused on control of pitted morningglory and glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth. In two experiments, PHY 485 WRF cotton was visibly injured 15 and 20% or less by glufosinate ammonium salt at 430 and 860 g ae/ha, respectively, applied POST two or three times. In a third experiment, glufosinate at 550 g/ha injured cotton up to 36%. Pyrithiobac or glyphosate mixed with glufosinate did not increase injury compared to glufosinate applied alone;S-metolachlor mixed with glufosinate increased injury by six to seven percentage points. Cotton injury was not detectable 14 to 21 d after glufosinate application, and cotton yields were not reduced by glufosinate or glufosinate mixtures. A program of pendimethalin PRE, glyphosate applied POST twice, and diuron plus MSMA POST-directed controlled glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth only 17% late in the season.S-metolachlor included with the initial glyphosate application did not increase control, and pyrithiobac increased late-season control by only 13 percentage points. Palmer amaranth was controlled 90% or more when glufosinate replaced glyphosate in the aforementioned system. Pitted morningglory was controlled 99% by all glufosinate programs and mixtures of glyphosate plus pyrithiobac. Seed cotton yields with glufosinate-based systems were at least 3.3 times greater than yields with glyphosate-based systems because of differences in control of glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth.

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ARE GLYPHOSATE AND GLUFOSINATE-AMMONIUM TOTALLY SELECTIVE FOR TRANSGENIC MAIZE CONTAINING THE CP4-EPSPS AND PAT GENES?

Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo ◽

10.18512/rbms2020v19e1154 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

pp. 14

Author(s):

FÁBIO HENRIQUE KRENCHINSKI ◽

BRUNO FLAIBAM GIOVANELLI ◽

ALFREDO JUNIOR PAIOLA ALBRECHT ◽

LEANDRO PAIOLA ALBRECHT ◽

VINICIUS GABRIEL CANEPPELE PEREIRA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Plant Height ◽

Weed Control ◽

Block Design ◽

Transgenic Maize ◽

Yield Losses ◽

Glufosinate Ammonium ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Cp4 Epsps

required. Maize with cp4-epsps and pat genes is tolerant to glyphosate and glufosinate-ammonium herbicides and has been a tool used for weed control. However, there is a demand for new studies to assess how tolerant it is and to avoid yield losses. The objective of this study was to assess the selectivity of the 2B810PW hybrid, which has the cp4-epsps and pat genes, subjected to applications of glyphosate (gly) and glufosinate-ammonium (glu), both isolated and combined, at two different rates, during three crop years, in two municipalities in Paraná state. A randomized block design, with four replications, was used. Some measured variables, such as plant height, showed few differences between crop years and locations, while others, like percentage of seed germination and yield, showed no differences (P ≤ 0.05). This demonstrates that the hybrid is resistant to the application of glufosinate-ammonium and glyphosate herbicides, isolated or combined, and these molecules can provide more options for weed control in crops of maize containing the cp4-epsps and pat genes.

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Weed Control Efficacy and Crop-Weed Selectivity of a New Bioherbicide WeedLock

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11081488 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1488

Author(s):

Mahmudul Hasan ◽

Anis Syahirah Mokhtar ◽

Adam Mustafa Rosli ◽

Hafizuddin Hamdan ◽

Mst. Motmainna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Block Design ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Uniform Density ◽

Untreated Plot ◽

Ageratum Conyzoides ◽

Control Efficacy ◽

Glufosinate Ammonium ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design

Plant-based bioherbicides could be an effective alternative to current chemical herbicides for sustainable agriculture. Therefore, this research evaluated the weed control efficacy and crop-weed selectivity of the new plant-derived bioherbicide WeedLock compared to commercial herbicides in glasshouse and field conditions. In the glasshouse, the herbicides applied were WeedLock (672.75, 1345.50, 2691.00 L ha−1), glyphosate isopropyl-amine, and glufosinate-ammonium (1, 2, 4 L ha−1), over the untreated (control) on six weeds and four crops. In the field trial, typical weeds were allowed to grow at a uniform density across plots (2.5 × 2.5 m), and WeedLock (1345.50, 2691.00 L ha−1), glyphosate isopropyl-amine, and glufosinate-ammonium (2, 4 L ha−1) were applied along with untreated plot (control). A randomized complete block design was set with four replications for glasshouse and field experiments. WeedLock at 1345.50 L ha−1 showed efficacy similar to glyphosate isopropyl-amine and glufosinate-ammonium at 2 L ha−1 for Ageratum conyzoides L. in the glasshouse. Applied herbicides killed all tested crops except Zea mays L. at 1345.50 L ha−1 (WeedLock). WeedLock showed more than 50% efficacy at 35 days after spray, while 65% was produced by glyphosate isopropyl-amine and glufosinate-ammonium compared to the untreated plot (control). WeedLock has excellent potential to control weeds in both glasshouse and field conditions and showed a non-selective character.

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Effects of Nozzle Selection and Ground Speed on Efficacy of Liberty and Engenia Applications and Their Implication on Commercial Field Applications

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-d-15-00145.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 401-414 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Christopher J. Meyer ◽

Jason K. Norsworthy ◽

Greg R. Kruger ◽

Tom Barber

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Crop Canopy ◽

Ground Speed ◽

Nozzle Orifice ◽

Glufosinate Ammonium ◽

Small Plot ◽

Spray Volume ◽

Extension Center ◽

Commercial Field

Sprayer applicator–controlled variables, such as nozzle selection and ground speed, will become increasingly important for making labeled POST applications of dicamba in next-generation cropping systems. Typically, nozzle orifice sizes and ground speeds differ greatly between small-plot research applications, from which efficacy recommendations are made, and commercial field applications. However, little research has been conducted to compare applications made with backpack sprayers and tractor sprayers. Thus, a field experiment was conducted in 2013 and 2014 at the Northeast Research and Extension Center in Keiser, AR. Tank mixtures of Engenia™ (N, N-Bis-(aminopropyl) methylamine form of dicamba), Liberty (glufosinate-ammonium), and Liberty + Engenia were applied with TeeJet XR, TT, AIXR, AI, and TTI nozzles at 5 km h−1and 20 km h−1. Two nozzle sizes (110015 and 11006 rated at 0.58 L min−1and 2.27 L min−1at 276 kPa, respectively) were used to keep spray volume constant at 141 L ha−1, whereas ground speed was varied. Weed control ratings were typically lower at 5 km h−1than at 20 km h−1. For example, Palmer amaranth control 4 WAT in 2013 with glufosinate and the TTI nozzle was 89% at 5 km h−1and 96% at 20 km h−1. More differences between speeds were observed for the coarser nozzles, such as the TTI and AI, as opposed to finer nozzles, such as the XR and TT. Results from this research suggest increasing orifice size increases droplet size and that other factors related to applications at faster speeds (e.g., higher droplet velocity, disruption of the crop canopy) may influence the efficacy of herbicide applications. However, increasing ground speed is not a recommended means for increasing efficacy of herbicide applications.

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Influence of Herbicide Application Rate, Timing, and Interrow Cultivation on Weed Control and Corn (Zea mays) Yield in Glufosinate-Resistant and Glyphosate-Resistant Corn

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00042263 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 807-813 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Brent E. Tharp ◽

James J. Kells

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Weed Control ◽

Field Trials ◽

Application Rate ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Weed Species ◽

Application Timing ◽

Glufosinate Ammonium ◽

Application Rates

Field trials were conducted in 1996 and 1997 to determine the influence of glufosinate and glyphosate application rates, application timings, and interrow cultivation on weed control and corn yield. Glufosinate-ammonium rates ranged from 0.18 to 0.41 kg ai/ha, while rates for the isopropylamine salt of glyphosate ranged from 0.21 to 0.84 kg ae/ha. Increasing rates of glufosinate and glyphosate often improved weed control. Control of many of the weed species was improved by delaying herbicide application timing. Weed control was most consistent from late postemergence (LPOST) applications of glufosinate at 0.41 kg ai/ha or glyphosate at 0.84 kg ae/ha. Corn yields were reduced due to incomplete weed control when the lowest rate of glufosinate was applied. Weed control from early postemergence (EPOST) glufosinate and glyphosate applications followed by cultivation was similar to weed control from LPOST glufosinate and glyphosate applications without cultivation. Interrow cultivation following glufosinate or glyphosate application did not affect corn yield.

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Efficacy of tank mixture glufosinate ammonium and indaziflam for weed control in oil palm

Ghana Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.4314/gjas.v56i1.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 87-103

Author(s):

F. Ekhator ◽

C.O. Okeke ◽

O.A. Ogundipe ◽

B. Ahmed ◽

C.E. Ikuenobe

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Glufosinate Ammonium ◽

Control Efficiency ◽

Weed Control Efficiency

The apprehension among oil palm farmers on the toxicity of glyphosate necessitated the need for an alternative herbicide for weed control in oil palm. Thus, a study was conducted at the Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research (NIFOR) to determine the efficacy of tank mixture of glufosinate ammonium (Basta) + indaziflam (Alion) for weed control in oil palm. The treatments consisted of glyphosate at 1.5 kg a.i ha-1, glyphosate + diuron at 1.5+2.0 kg a.i. ha-1, glufosinate ammonium at 0.4 kg a.i. ha-1, glufosinate ammonium at 0.5 kg a.i. ha-1, tank mixture of glufosinate ammonium + indaziflam at 0.4 + 0.04 kg a.i. ha-1, tank mixture of glufosinate ammonium + indaziflam at 0.5 + 0.04 kg a.i. ha-1and weedy control. The results showed that tank mixture of glyphosate + diuron at 1.5 + 2 kg a.i ha-1, glufosinate ammonium + indaziflam at 0.4 + 0.04 kg a.i. ha-1 and glufosinate ammonium + indaziflam at 0.5 + 0.04 had the best weed control efficiency of 78.5%, 78.6% and 78.3% respectively up to 20 weeks. The study concluded that tank mixtures of glufosinate ammonium + indaziflam were as good as glyphosate + diuron for weed control in oil palm.

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