scholarly journals An economic Study for the Role of the Egyptian Agricultural Bank to finance Agricultural Activities in Aswan Governorate

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 1947-1979
Author(s):  
Abdelat Mahmoud Ali
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Economic Study

PEMBERDAYAAN PETANI PADI DALAM PEMASARAN BERAS KEMAS DI DESA KADUGENEP KECAMATAN PETIR KABUPATEN SERANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-324
Author(s):  
Rizqi Maulana Syifa ◽  
Wasrob Nasruddin ◽  
Achdiyat Achdiyat
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government

Rice commodity is one of the main commodities being cultivated by farmers in Kadugenep Village. .various kinds of agricultural activities carried out by rice farmers in Kadugenep Village, in carrying out agricultural activities not only on production activities or cultivation of plants, but how to market agricultural productsin order to generate profits that can prosper farmers in terms of the economy.the assessment activities have been carried out from March 1 to June 30, 2020, with a total sample of 32 people. Data mining is done by interviews, questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reliability, as well as direct observation. .farmer empowerment levels were analyzed descriptively, factors related to empowerment were analyzed using the Spearmean Rank Correlation, and counseling strategies were analyzed using Kendal's Wbased on the results obtained from interviews and questionnaires given to respondents, showed that 5 people (15.6%) of respondents stated helpless, while 27 people (84.4%) respondents stated helpless. factors related to the role of the government (X2.1) of 0,000 and the role of advisors (X2.2) of 0.001 have a significant relationship to the empowerment of rice farmers in marketing rice packaging. strategies that can be done in increasing the empowerment of rice farmers in marketing rice from the results of the Kendall W analysis, namely by providing counseling about the function of cooperatives as a place for marketing products and functionspackaging with lecture, discussion and demonstration methods as well as extension media used, namely the provision of videos and folders.

scholarly journals Role of agriculture and multifunctional rural development in Serbia

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalija Bogdanov ◽  
Zorica Vasiljevic
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Clear Explanation

Serbia is mostly rural country, as three fourth of its territory make rural areas, while almost half population is living in rural areas. Serbian agriculture is the sector which is very important for the total economy of the country in respect of resources, participation in GDP, employment as well as importance for rural areas and population. This is the only sector in Serbian economy that shows positive foreign trade balance in the recent several years.There are potentials for development of agrarian entrepreneurship on one hand, but on the other, there are constraints in existence of great number of small family farms whereas the huge share could not have commercial profile and could not live only from agricultural activities. The concept of multifunctional development of agriculture and rural areas is still present mostly in scientific and political sphere without clear explanation or interpretation as well as mechanisms of implementation. Serbia’s rural space is heterogenic and devastated in different extent, and therefore extremely complicated for planning of multifunctional development.

Agricultural Labour Colonies of Smolensk Governorate, 1918–1929

2020 ◽  
pp. 209-217
Author(s):  
Pavel Yankovich
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Professional Skills ◽  
Xviii Century ◽  
The Creation ◽  
New View

Since the second half of the XVIII century a new view of the punishment purpose in criminal law has been formed. According to the theory of the great Italian thinker and jurist C. Beccarria the purpose of punishment «is not to torture and torment a person, but to prevent the perpetrator from harming society again and to keep others from doing the same». This formulation of the definition gave a new impetus to the development of Russian penitentiary system. New methods have been actively used to correct the prisoner. Gradually, work becomes the main way to influence prisoners, its main task is to train prisoners to work and earn money in honest way, to give them an opportunity to acquire some professional skills, so that after serving their sentence they can more easily adapt to the life outside the correctional institution, thereby it reduces the number of recidivism. On November 22, 1918 the Central Punitive Department of the People’s Commissariat of Justice of the RSFSR issued a circular «On the Creation of Agricultural Labor Colonies». As a result, various colonies were created everywhere, including in Smolensk Governorate. In the article the author describes types of agricultural activities carried out by the colonists in the governorate, their work specifics, as well as the role of agricultural colonies in the domestic penitentiary system in the 1920s.

Modern rural family and household in Yugoslavia

Stanovnistvo ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 93-118
Author(s):  
Mirjana Bobic
Keyword(s):  
Rural Households ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
The State ◽  
Rural Household ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Rural Family ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Village

The paper analyzes modern rural household in Yugoslavia, both by region and at the level of the country as a whole. The author begins by providing a statistical and sociological definition of basic terms, and proceeds with a combination of social and demographic analysis. The basic criterion used is the residential status of the population (permanent residence) based on the administrative distribution of settlements with the non-city ("other") population treated as part of rural population. The descriptive basis was formed on the basis of two types of sources: population census data and relevant studies, on the one hand, and comprehensive researches of rural family in the 1990s, on the other. The modernization theory has provided the basic framework for the analysis of the state and movement in rural households in Yugoslavia since the beginning of the 20th century, but the paper deals mainly with social and economic developments following the Second World War. The following components of the rural households are analyzed: dynamics and average size, as well as composition of households. With reference to the level of the social change they had undergone and some demographic special features, rural households are classified into four main types: 1) purely agricultural; 2) mixed (with income earned from agricultural and non-agricultural activities); 3) non-agricultural; and 4) households of elderly people. The appearance and growth of mixed households during the pest-war period, following adoption of the socialistic command economy, came as a result of objective contradictions in transformation of an individual agricultural household into a modern market-oriented holding, and its cooperation with the state-owned cooperative sector. Since early 1980s, however, with deterioration in its position, agricultural production is gradually given up or maintained at the subsistence level, while most family members earn their living from the non-agricultural sector. These tendencies were most rapidly observed in Vojvodina, which is the most fertile region of the country, and most slowly in central Serbia. As a result of the above social and economic transformation the village was also exposed to a strong demographic transformation, which was most readily observed in ageing and feminization of population and its labor force and narrowing down of family structure to conjugal family united through marriage, which is made up of aged parents without an heir. The rural household and/or family have undergone crucial changes in respect of three main segments: 1) size; 2) structure; and 3) position and role of family members. This last aspect has been the subject of numerous comprehensive studies into the way of life in villages. The analysis of family relations in a village was conducted in two segments: intra-generation (between spouses and between children, especially of different gender) and inter-generation (parent - children relations). Segregation of roles by gender is still characterized by male domination, husband - head of the family, and son - the heir. Housework, parenthood, and the homestead itself (due to the increased engagement of the husband in non-agricultural activities) are the main sources of self-realization of women. Marriage and bearing children (especially male children) represent the main social promotion channel for young girls in a village environment, while education and earning income from work outside the village do not ensure a significant role in making decisions on family life in general, children's future or even personal destiny. Incidence of conflict in marriage is rare. Satisfaction with a twofold role of the mother and housekeeper is very high as well as understanding for tl1e difficulties of the social position of a man - the "bread winner" in the current social crisis and disintegration. The author points to the lack of data on rural households in Kosovo and Metohia caused by the boycott of the latest census by the majority, ethnic Albanian population. An attempt was hence made to compensate for the lack of quantitative information by presenting results of representative investigation of Albanian zadrugas in Kosovo and Metohia.

Economic study of maintenances and outage resolution in an electricity distribution network using the continuous-time Markov chain

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Navid Nazhand ◽  
Reza Dashti ◽  
Abolfazl Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Electricity Distribution ◽  
Continuous Time Markov Chain ◽  
Economic Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The Cost

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe a novel method to compromise between planned (regulated) maintenance and outage initiation and unplanned (unregulated) maintenance and to find an economic model using which one can perform maintenance adequately and in the most optimal state.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, a system consisting of similar components is considered, and the role of each component in the system is explained. Then, the cost pertaining to failure in each asset is determined. Costs such as energy not supplied, penalties, human resources to resolve the defect and replacing assets are taken into account. Finally, a new comprehensive objective is proposed, and optimization is performed for a sample system.FindingsIn this paper, some graphs have been plotted from which plenty of information may be extracted. This is mentioned in the Conclusion.Originality/valueIn this paper, some graphs have been plotted from which plenty of information may be extracted. This is mentioned in the Conclusion.

Cogeneration Micro Turbine Fuelled by Solid Biomass: A Technical-Economic Study for Italy

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavio Caresana ◽  
Gabriele Comodi ◽  
Leonardo Pelagalli ◽  
Sandro Vagni
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Cogeneration Plant ◽  
Economic Study ◽  
Micro Turbine ◽  
External Combustion ◽  
Solid Biomass ◽  
Italian Legislation

The paper presents part of the results of two studies, the European “Radar” (Raising Awareness on renewable energy Developing Agro-eneRgetic chain models) Project and the “Energy and environmental plan for the consortium of the municipalities of the Esino-Frasassi mountain area”, conducted in an area in central Italy. The area is characterized by huge forestry biomass resources and by substantial amounts of agricultural residues. The work presents a technical-economic study of a cogeneration plant using a solid biomass-fuelled micro turbine as the prime mover. The energy conversion of solid biomass can be achieved with different technologies, e.g. organic Rankine cycles, micro turbines with an external combustion chamber, or Stirling engines. The choice of the conversion system depends mainly on biomass availability and on the level of user demand. Of the conversion technologies mentioned above, the micro turbine is suitable to meet the requirements of the cogeneration plant examined here, which is applied to a low thermal demand public building. The work describes a micro turbine based on a regenerative Brayton cycle endowed with an external combustion chamber. The inlet air, after being compressed, passes through a regenerator and then through an external furnace fuelled by solid biomass, where it is further heated, and finally expands through the turbine. The outlet air of the turbine, before being funnelled through the chimney, passes through the regenerator and subsequently through a dry kiln, thereby reducing the humidity of the solid biomass. The micro turbine studied produces 75 kWe and 300 kWt. The biomass is made up of olive tree prunings. After the technical analysis, an economic study stresses the critical role of incentives systems (herein provided by the Italian legislation) in making the technology appealing to investors in renewable energy solutions. The energy and economic analysis considers different combinations of three different amounts of annual operation hours, of two operating modes (with/without cogeneration) and three purchase prices of the solid biomass. The incentives mechanism considered is the Feed-In Tariff (FiT) granted by the Italian legislation for plants < 1 MWe. The economic analysis highlights some influential factors for solid biomass-fuelled systems: contract with fuel suppliers, biomass price, availability, transportation, storage, and processing, and plant location. In particular, the purchase price of solid biomass is substantially negotiated between the manager of the energy conversion plant and suppliers. The work demonstrates the crucial role of the incentives mechanisms for economic sustainability; the strong influence of biomass price on investment profitability; and the role of cogeneration in further shortening the payback period.

scholarly journals Identifikasi pencemaran logam berat raksa di sungai citarum hulu jawa barat

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Eka Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Critical Condition ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Mercury Contamination ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Standard Limit

Identification of heavy metal mercury contamination in citarum hulu river west javaThe Citarum Hulu river has undergone degradation in its water quality to a critical condition, in which 12 km or 47.1% of the river being heavily polluted by wastewater originating from industrial, domestic, and agricultural activities. This research was aimed at determining the mercury (Hg) metal content of Citarum Hulu river, and to evaluate the impacts that are likely to occur. Research results obtained in the Citarum Hulu area indicated an Hg heavy metal content of 0.0032 mg/L in Citarum Wangisagara, 0.0042 mg/L in Citarum Sapan, 0.0002 mg/L in Citarum Dayeuhkolot, 0.008 mg/L in Citarum Nanjung, and 0.0043 mg/L in Citarum Tanjungpura tributaries. These are all still below the standard limit of 0.01 mg/L. However, two tributaries indicated higher than standard Hg content, namely 0.0228 mg/L in Citepus Cisirung and 0.0183 mg/L in Cimahi Leuwigajah tributaries. Results from this research were expected to provide information on the actual water condition, considering the key role of Citarum Hulu river as the main source of water supply for three major dams in West Java, namely Saguling, Cirata, Jatiluhur dams. These dams are utilized by the local population for floating net fishery and for the irrigation of local agricultural farms.Kata kunci : Citarum river, mercury, pH, dissolved oxygen AbstrakSungai Citarum Hulu telah mengalami degradasi kualitas sampai kondisi kritis, sepanjang 12 km atau 47,1% telah tercemar berat oleh air  limbah yang berasal dari aktivitas industri, domestik, dan pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan logam berat Raksa (Hg) di Sungai Citrum Hulu dan mengevaluasi dampak yang akan terjadi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan logam berat Hg di Sungai Citarum Hulu adalah 0,0032 mg/L untuk Citarum Wangisagara, 0,0042 mg/L untuk Citarum Sapan, 0,0002 mg/L untuk Citarum Dayeuhkolot, 0,008 mg/L untuk Citarum Nanjung dan 0,0043 mg/L untuk Citarum Tanjungpura. Semuanya masih berada di bawah baku mutu yaitu 0,01 mg/L, tetapi ada dua anak sungai Citarum Hulu yaitu Sungai Citepus Cisirung 0,0228 mg/L dan Sungai Cimahi Leuwigajah 0,0183 mg/L yang kandungan raksanya sudah melewati baku mutu. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi mengenai kondisi perairan yang sebenarnya mengingat  fungsi dari Sungai Citarum Hulu yang sangat penting, salah satunya merupakan sumber air utama yang mengairi tiga waduk besar yaitu Saguling, Cirata, dan Jatiluhur yang oleh masyarakat sekitar dimanfaatkan sebagai areal budidaya perikanan jaring terapung dan sumber irigasi bagi pertanian di daerah Jawa Barat.Kata kunci : Citarum, raksa, pH, oksigen terlarut

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