scholarly journals Protective Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on Oxaliplatin induced Neurotoxicity in Adult Male Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Amer
Keyword(s):  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Protective Effects

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on MC3T3-E1 Osteoblastic Cells Exposed to X-Ray Irradiation

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1510-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuifen Wang ◽  
Eric Blough ◽  
Xiaoniu Dai ◽  
Omolola Olajide ◽  
Henry Driscoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Ceo2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
X Ray

Background/Aims: Exposure to ionizing radiation can result in bone damage, including decreased osteocyte number and suppressed osteoblastic activity. However, molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated, and effective prevention strategies are still limited. This study was to investigate whether cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NP) can protect MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells from damaging effects of X-ray irradiation, and to study the underpinning mechanism(s). Methods: MC3T3-E1, a osteoblast-like cell line, was exposed to X-ray irradiation and treated with different concentration of CeO2 nanoparticles. The micronucleus frequency was counted under a fluorescence microscope. Cell viability was evaluated using MTT assay. The effects of irradiation and CeO2 nanoparticles on alkaline phosphatase activity and MC3T3-E1 mineralization were further assayed. Results: We found that the ratio of micronuclei to binuclei was dose-dependently increased with X-ray irradiation (from 2 to 6 Gy), but diminished with the increased concentration of CeO2 NP treatment (from 50 to 100 nM). Exposure to X-rays (6 Gy) decreased cell viability, differentiation and the mineralization, but CeO2 NP treatment (100 nM) attenuated the deteriorative effects of irradiation. Both intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and extracellular H2O2 concentration were increased after X-ray irradiation, but reduced following CeO2 NP treatment. Similar to irradiation, exposure to H2O2 (10 µM) elevated the frequency of micronuclei and diminished cell viability and mineralization, while these changes were ameliorated following CeO2 NP treatment. Conclusions: Taken together, our findings suggest that CeO2 nanoparticles exhibit astonishing protective effects on irradiation-induced osteoradionecrosis in MC3T3-E1 cells, and the protective effects appear to be mediated, at least partially, by reducing oxidative stress.

scholarly journals The potential ameliorative impacts of cerium oxide nanoparticles against fipronil-induced hepatic steatosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamiaa Wasef ◽  
Atef M. K. Nassar ◽  
Yasser S. El-Sayed ◽  
Dalia Samak ◽  
Ahmed Noreldin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractFipronil (FIP) is a phenylpyrazole insecticide that is commonly used in agricultural and veterinary fields for controlling a wide range of insects, but it is a strong environmentally toxic substance. Exposure to FIP has been reported to increase the hepatic fat accumulation through altered lipid metabolism, which ultimately can contribute to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development. The present study aimed to examine the function of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeNPs) in protecting against hepatotoxicity and lipogenesis induced by FIP. Twenty-eight male albino rats were classified into four groups: FIP (5 mg/kg/day per os), CTR, CeNPs (35 mg/kg/day p.o.), and FIP + CeNPs (5 (FIP) + 35 (CeNPs) mg/kg/day p.o.) for 28 consecutive days. Serum lipid profiles, hepatic antioxidant parameters and pathology, and mRNA expression of adipocytokines were assessed. The results revealed that FIP increased cholesterol, height-density lipoprotein, triacylglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL-c) concentrations. It also increased nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) hepatic levels and reduced glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities. Additionally, FIP up-regulated the fatty acid-binding protein (FABP), acetyl Co-A carboxylase (ACC1), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-α). Immunohistochemically, a strong proliferation of cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) reactions in the endothelial cells of the hepatic sinusoids, and increased expression of caspase3 were observed following FIP intoxication. FIP also caused histological changes in hepatic tissue. The CeNPs counteracted the hepatotoxic effect of FIP exposure. So, this study recorded an ameliorative effect of CeNPs against FIP-induced hepatotoxicity.

Protective effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles on cisplatin and oxaliplatin primary toxicities in male albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 393 (12) ◽  
pp. 2411-2425
Author(s):  
Amira Mohamed Abdelhamid ◽  
Shireen Sami Mahmoud ◽  
Aziza E. Abdelrahman ◽  
Nelly Mohamed Said ◽  
Mostafa Toam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effect of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles against Cadmium Nephrotoxicity in Male Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-75
Author(s):  
Mostafa Bashandy ◽  
Hanan Saeed ◽  
Walaa Ahmed ◽  
Marwa Ibrahim ◽  
Olfat Shehata
Keyword(s):  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Ameliorative Effect

scholarly journals Ameliorative Role of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Against Fipronil Impact on Brain Function, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptotic Cascades in Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norhan Elshony ◽  
Atef M. K. Nassar ◽  
Yasser S. El-Sayed ◽  
Dalia Samak ◽  
Ahmed Noreldin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Brain Tissues

Fipronil (FIP) is an N-phenylpyrazole insecticide that is used extensively in public health and agriculture against a wide range of pests. Exposure to FIP is linked to negative health outcomes in humans and animals including promoting neuronal cell injury, which results in apoptosis through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeNPs) on neuronal dysfunction induced by FIP in albino rats. Male rats were randomly classified into four groups: control, FIP (5 mg/kg bwt), CeNPs (35 mg/kg bwt), and FIP + CeNPs (5 (FIP) + 35 (CeNPs) mg/kg bwt), which were treated orally once daily for 28 consecutive days. Brain antioxidant parameters, histopathology, and mRNA expression of genes related to brain function were evaluated. The results revealed oxidative damage to brain tissues in FIP-treated rats indicated by the elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels and reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). On the other hand, the FIP’s group that was treated with CeNPs showed decrease in MDA and NO levels and increase in SOD and GPx enzymes activity. Besides, FIP-treated rats showed decreased butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activity in comparison to the FIP + CeNPs group. Moreover, FIP caused up-regulation of the expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), caspase-3, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) but down-regulation of B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) expression. But the FIP + CeNPs group significantly down-regulated the GFAP, NSE, and caspase-3 and up-regulated the gene expression of BCL-2. Additionally, the FIP-treated group of rats had clear degenerative lesions in brain tissue that was reversed to nearly normal cerebral architecture by the FIP + CeNPs treatment. Immunohistochemical examination of brain tissues of rats-treated with FIP showed abundant ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1) microglia and caspase-3 and apoptotic cells with nearly negative calbindin and synaptophysin reaction, which were countered by FIP + CeNPs treatment that revealed a critical decrease in caspase-3, Iba-1 reaction with a strong calbindin positive reaction in most of the Purkinje cells and strong synaptophysin reaction in the cerebrum and cerebellum tissues. Based on reported results herein, CeNPs treatment might counteract the neurotoxic effect of FIP pesticide via an antioxidant-mediated mechanism.

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