scholarly journals Gr. ἄφρων [adj.] ‘senseless’: a Reassessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Romain Garnier ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Sense Of Smell ◽  
Starting Point

The present article offers a reassessment of Hom. ἄφρων [adj.] ‘unreasonable, senseless, foolish’, which is traditionally accounted for as an ablauting compound (of the type πατήρ :  πάτωρ) based on the simplex φρένες [f.pl.tant.] ‘midriff, diaphragm’ (+Il.). This archaic ablauting pattern (viz. °φρων vs. simplex φρήν*) is totally unparalleled for body parts; besides, the Ancients’ interpretation of φρένες as ‘diaphragm’ is flawed. Φρονέω ‘to have (good) understanding or intelligence’ is a back-formation coined after  φρονέω ‘to act senselessly, to be foolish’. From zero-graded  φραίνω (via a synchronic reanalysis of -αίνω as a deverbative suffix of the type °φαίνω), an adverb * φρα-δόν ‘senselessly, foolishly’ was eventually coined, which was the starting point of a whole new group. From this group was reanalyzed a “new” synchronic root √φραδ- ‘to heed, to consider’, reflected by Hom. φράζω. The lack of comparative evidence for this sprawling word family leads the author to assume that Hom. ἄφρων [adj.] ‘senseless, fool, heedless’ is in fact the reflex of a PIE etymon *ń ̥ -gʷʱr(h1)-on- ‘without sense of smell, not able of scenting’, from PIE *gʷʱreh1- ‘to smell’ (cf. Ved. jí-ghr-a- < *gʷʱí-gʷʱr(h1)-V-). This verbal compound of the type νήφων [*-on-adj.] ‘sober’ (< PIE *ń̥ -h1gʷʱ-on- ‘not having drunk’) would have been eventually reanalyzed as a privative bahuvrīhi (viz. ‘lacking φρένες’).

Through the Lens of the Adam Narrative: A Re-consideration of Sūrat al-Baqara

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.O. Klar
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Dominant Theme ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
A Chain

The thesis of a single pillar or axis around which the longer Medinan suras are structured has been highly influential in the field of sura unity, and scholarship on the structure and coherence of Sūrat al-Baqara has tended to work towards charting the progress of a dominant theme throughout the textual blocks that make up the sura. In order to achieve this, scholars have divided the sura into discrete blocks; many have posited a chain of lexical and thematic links from one block to the next; some have concentrated solely on the hinges and borders between these suggested textual blocks. The present article argues that such methods, while often in themselves illuminating, are by their very nature reductive. As such they can result in the oversight of important elements of the sura. From a starting point of the Adam pericope provided in Q. 2:30–9, this study will focus on the recurrence of a number of its lexical items throughout Sūrat al-Baqara. By methodically tracing the passage of repeated, loosely Fall-related, vocabulary, it will attempt to widen the contextual lens through which the sura's textual blocks are viewed, and establish a broader perspective on its coherence. Via a discussion of the themes of ‘gardens’, ‘parable’, ‘prostration’, ‘covenant’, ‘wrongdoing’ and finally ‘blindness’, this article will posit ‘garments’, not as a structural pillar, but as a pivot around which many of the repeated lexical items of the sura rotate.

Religious Pluralism and State- Centric Legal Spaces in Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-54
Author(s):  
Kyriaki Topidi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Legal Pluralism ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
European Court ◽  
Starting Point

Multiculturalism is continuously and relentlessly put to the test in the so- called West. The question as to whether religious or custom- based legal orders can or should be tolerated by liberal and democratic states is, however, by no means a new challenge. The present article uses as its starting point the case of religious legal pluralism in Greece, as exposed in recent European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) case- law, in an attempt to explore the gaps and implications in the officially limited use of sharia in Western legal systems. More specifically, the discussion is linked to the findings of the ECtHR on the occasion of the recent Molla Sali v. Greece case to highlight and question how sharia has been evolving in the European legal landscape.

scholarly journals Neural Sign Language Translation Based on Human Keypoint Estimation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 2683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Ki Ko ◽  
Chang Jo Kim ◽  
Hyedong Jung ◽  
Choongsang Cho
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Language Translation ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Translation System ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Neural Network Models ◽  
Translation Model ◽  
Starting Point

We propose a sign language translation system based on human keypoint estimation. It is well-known that many problems in the field of computer vision require a massive dataset to train deep neural network models. The situation is even worse when it comes to the sign language translation problem as it is far more difficult to collect high-quality training data. In this paper, we introduce the KETI (Korea Electronics Technology Institute) sign language dataset, which consists of 14,672 videos of high resolution and quality. Considering the fact that each country has a different and unique sign language, the KETI sign language dataset can be the starting point for further research on the Korean sign language translation. Using the KETI sign language dataset, we develop a neural network model for translating sign videos into natural language sentences by utilizing the human keypoints extracted from the face, hands, and body parts. The obtained human keypoint vector is normalized by the mean and standard deviation of the keypoints and used as input to our translation model based on the sequence-to-sequence architecture. As a result, we show that our approach is robust even when the size of the training data is not sufficient. Our translation model achieved 93.28% (55.28%, respectively) translation accuracy on the validation set (test set, respectively) for 105 sentences that can be used in emergency situations. We compared several types of our neural sign translation models based on different attention mechanisms in terms of classical metrics for measuring the translation performance.

scholarly journals On the (Methodological) Future of Law and Economics. The Uneasy Burden of Value Judgments and Normativity

Global Jurist ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Silvestri
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Law And Economics ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Economic Analysis Of Law ◽  
Value Judgments ◽  
Positive Approach ◽  
Problematic Relationship ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Future

Abstract Taking as its starting-point Guido Calabresi’s latest book – The Future of Law and Economics – the present article aims to explore the often neglected issue of value judgments and normativity in Law and Economics. I will show the importance of enquiring Calabresi’s methodological distinction between Law and Economics and Economic Analysis of Law and the related bilateralism thesis in order to understand the problematic relationship between methodological value judgments and ethical value judgments, the ‘distance’ between Calabresi and Posner and the problematic notion of reformism. Then I will try to introduce a different notion of normativity. I will also show the existence of an unresolved tension in Calabresi’s methodological discourse between a positive approach, which seems to be privileged in this book, and his insistence on the inevitability of value judgments in economic analysis. Finally, I clarify the reasons for the ‘ignorance’ of values by the economist by distinguishing between economists’ “lack of self-awareness”, economists’ idolatry and the economists’ lenses.

In-between Painting and Music—or, Thinking with Paul Klee and Anton Webern

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-442
Author(s):  
Marcia Sá Cavalcante Schuback
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Anton Webern ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Musical Structure ◽  
Twelve Tone ◽  
Paul Klee ◽  
Starting Point

Abstract The present article discusses the relation between painting and music in the work by Paul Klee, bringing it into conversation with the music by Anton Webern. It assumes, as a starting point, that the main question is not about relating painting and music but rather about the relation between moving towards painting and moving towards music, hence the relation between forming forces and not between formed forms. Since for Klee the musical structure of the pictorial is understood as “active linear polyphony,” the article develops this notion in conversation with Webern’s thoughts on the polyphonic structure of twelve-tone music. The general purpose of the article is to determine what kind of thoughts emerge from the in-between of painting and music.

scholarly journals Duas fotografias em Austerlitz, de W. G. Sebald | Two photographs in Austerlitz, by W. G. Sebald

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-116
Author(s):  
Luciano Gatti
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Photographic Material ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Memory Experience ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The Relationship

O presente trabalho discute as relações entre literatura e fotografia em Austerlitz, de W. G. Sebald. Para fazer isso, como ponto de partida, observa-se a suposta oposição entre documento e ficção no emprego de material fotográfico feito por Sebald. Segundo a hipótese deste artigo, a função das fotografias deve ser compreendida a partir do mecanismo literário desenvolvido por Sebald para apresentar a investigação de seu protagonista a respeito de elementos de sua vida passada desconhecida. A pesquisa caracteriza tal procedimento como um “encadeamento de narradores” e, feito isso, debate sobre a função exercida pelas fotografias nas relações entre memória, narração e experiência.Palavras-chave: W. G. Sebald. Fotografia. Memória. Experiência.  AbstractThis article discusses the relationship between literature and photography in Austerlitz, by WG Sebald. In order to do that, as a starting point, we observe the supposed opposition between document and fiction in Sebald's use of photographic material. This study proposes that we may understand the role played by photographs in the book by means of the literary mechanism developed by Sebald to present the search of his protagonist for elements of his unknown past. The present article characterizes this procedure as a “chain of narrators” and, after that, discusses the role played by photographs in the relationships between memory, narration and experience.Keywords: W. G. Sebald. Photography. Memory. Experience. ORCIDhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-3960-3610

scholarly journals Keresleti-kínálati diszharmónia a szervezeti kultúra tükrében (Demand–supply disharmony in the organizational culture)

2012 ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
Ágnes Balogh ◽  
Eszter Bogdány ◽  
Gabriella Cserháti ◽  
Tibor Csizmadia ◽  
Réka Polák-Weldon
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
University Students ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Public Utility ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Utility Company ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Way

A szerzők kutatásának célja ráirányítani a figyelmet arra a tényre, hogy a tényleges és potenciális munkavállalók szervezeti kultúrára vonatkozó vágyai és a valóság között jelentős eltérés tapasztalható. Napjaink pénzpiaci és reálgazdasági válságának hatásaként még fokozottabban jelentkezik az igény a változásra, változtatásra nemcsak a szervezetek, de az egyén szintjén is. Ahhoz azonban, hogy a változtatás lehetséges útjai, módjai közül megalapozottan lehessen választani, nemcsak a kívánatos cél kitűzésére, de a kiinduló állapot minél precízebb meghatározására is szükség van. Jelen cikkükben a szerzők egyrészt azokról az eredményekről számolnak be, amelyek az egyetemi hallgatók „vágyott” munkahelyének szervezeti kultúráját, és ennek kapcsolatát a tényleges piaci kínálattal mutatják be. Másrészt egy közszolgáltató cég példáján a munkavállalók szervezeti kultúrára vonatkozó vágyai és a valóság kapcsolatával foglalkoznak. _____ The aim of the authors is to review and examine the gap between the aspirations and reality regarding organizational culture of those already employed and those seeking employment. These days the financial and real economic crisis generated an increased demand for change on the part of organizations as well as individuals. However, in order to map the possibilities for change and formulate a well-founded decision on which alternative to adopt it is essential to define the starting point and to set clear aims. Present article outlines the research results of the aspirations of university students regarding the organizational culture of their possible future workplaces and how they can be related to the reality of labor market supply. Furthermore, by providing the case of a public utility company, the aspirations of employees regarding organizational culture and the way it relates to reality is also presented.

scholarly journals Le cure palliative tra sostenibilità e dignità della vita: le prestazioni assistenziali sociali come momento integrante dell’assistenza globale

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Arena ◽  
Edy Febi ◽  
Onofrio De Lucia ◽  
Massimo Piccioni
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Assistance System ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Law

Il lavoro si pone l’obiettivo di analizzare il tema dell’assetto organizzativo e delle problematiche etiche e medico-legali delle cure palliative in Italia facendo riferimento, in particolare, alla legge 38/2010, punto di partenza per riflessioni critiche circa gli interventi “assistenziali” previsti dalla stessa e circa il significato da attribuire, in una visione integrata e globale, al termine “Assistenza”. Gli Autori propongono infine alcune riflessioni circa l’adeguatezza, in tale ottica, dell’attuale sistema dell’assistenza sociale in Italia. ---------- The aim of the present article is to analyze the organizational structure, the ethical and medico-legal aspects of palliative care in Italy. In particular, it refers to the law 38/2010, which represents the starting point for critical thinking about “assistive” intervention promoted by the Act and about the meaning attributable to the word “assistance” in an integrated and comprehensive vision. Finally, the Authors propose some reflections on the adequacy, in this context, of the current social assistance system in Italy.

scholarly journals Transições eclesiológicas e reformas Eclesiais. “Vai, Francisco, reconstrói a minha Igreja!”

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (292) ◽  
pp. 865-885
Author(s):  
Antonio José de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Vatican Ii ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Pope Francis ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Church

O artigo tem como ponto de partida a questão da mudança de época em que a Igreja é chamada a realizar, hoje, sua vida e missão; aponta as dificuldades teológicas e canônicas geradas pela eclesiologia “inacabada” do Vaticano II; e, finalmente, sugere reformas que, coerentes com os horizontes eclesiológicos abertos pelo Concílio e com as interpelações que vêm dos “sinais dos tempos”, certamente ajudariam a Igreja, no século XXI, a ganhar credibilidade no testemunho de Cristo e de seu Reino, a serviço da vida e da esperança dos homens e das mulheres de todos os povos e culturas, sobretudo dos pobres e esquecidos. Escrito no final do ano de 2012, após o Congresso de São Leopoldo, passou por algumas atualizações, à altura da revisão final, em setembro de 2013, dado o novo contexto criado pelo pontificado do Papa Francisco. Abstract: The present article has as a starting point the fact that the Church is now asked to carry out its life and mission in a different era; it points to the theological and canonical difficulties generated by the “unfinished” ecclesiology of the Vatican II; and finally, it suggests some reforms that - consistent with the ecclesiological horizons opened by the Council and with the challenges that come from “the signs of the times” - would certainly help the Church in this 21st century to gain credibility in the testimony of Christ and of His Kingdom, at the service of the life and hope of the men and women from all peoples and cultures and in particular of those who are poor and forgotten. Written in the last months of 2012, after the Congress in São Leopoldo, Brazil, it went through some updating at the time of the final revision in September 2013, given the new context created by Pope Francis’ pontificate.Keywords: Catholic Church. Ecclesiology. Signs of the Times. Reform.

scholarly journals The Origin of Labour Camp Theme in A.I. Solzhenitsyn’s Works: from Poetry to The Gulag Archipelago

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-263
Author(s):  
Nadezhda I. Glukhova ◽  
Nellya M. Shchedrina
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Political Prisoners ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Narrative Poem ◽  
First Time ◽  
Labour Camp ◽  
Gulag Archipelago

In the present article A.I. Solzhenitsyn’s poetic works and The Gulag Archipelago are analyzed, their proximity and thematic kinship are revealed. The authors appeal to the creative history of these works, remark that poems and parts of the Archipelago are arranged according to a certain pattern. Both in poetry and prose, Solzhenitsyn reveals the path taken by Soviet convicts. Camps for political prisoners and I.V. Stalin’s death take significant place in his works. A.I. Solzhenitsyn is particularly interested in the unity of heroes with nature, communion with it as with an attribute of free people’s life. The writer claims that the camp may become a starting point for spiritual resurrection of a human being. Metaphorization as one of the artistic elements is used for the first time in lyrics to reveal the image of Russia. The authors conclude that the camp theme arose during Solzhenitsyn’s imprisonment and was first expressed in lyrics and the narrative poem Dorozhen’ka. The Gulag Archipelago was formed later not only from the personal experience of the author but also from numerous materials and evidence of eyewitnesses.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document