scholarly journals ‘Working for/from Home’: An Interdisciplinary Understanding of Mothers in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sucharita Sarkar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Working Mother ◽  
Maternal Work ◽  
Cultural Expectations ◽  
Working From Home ◽  
Women Friends ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
At Home

Situated in the context of the coronavirus pandemic, this paper begins by looking at the recent advertisement by Amul praising mothers who are ‘working from home’ and ‘working for home’ during the lockdown, with an accompanying cartoon visualizing the iconic Amul girl sitting beside her mother who is working on her laptop while keeping an eye on her daughter; in a juxtaposed cartoon, the mother is cooking in the kitchen while simultaneously scrolling through her smartphone. Amongst my groups of women friends, the advertisement elicited strong and contradictory responses: ranging from approval of the appreciation for maternal work to disapproval at the missing father. In order to critique this advertisement, I would use the lens of Motherhood Studies, an emerging area of scholarship that is inherently interdisciplinary. Reading the advertisement as a cultural text, I will attempt to locate the maternal stereotypes embedded in it: the merging of the stay-at-home mother and the working-mother into the ideal neoliberal mother-worker, the supermom who effortlessly balances work and home, even in extraordinary times like the pandemic and lockdown. These entangled maternal stereotypes have been reified in popular consciousness through mythic, religious, literary and filmic artefacts. A cross-disciplinary tracing of the stereotypes will reveal the motherhood constructs and the cultural expectations that mothers encounter, and also attempt to explain why and how these constructs and expectations operate. The paper will look at the possibilities of resistance to these stereotypes, germinating in feminist, or posthuman, or matricentric approaches to motherhood. I will use the critical distinction between motherhood-as-ideology and mothering-as-agency to understand maternal resistances, some of which may be located in the responses to the Amul advertisement. The paper will conclude by assessing the emergence of Motherhood Studies as a legitimate field of interdisciplinary humanities and/or social sciences.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Harris
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
Platonic Love ◽  
Close Friendship ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
At Home

This introduces the Marlborough-Godolphin partnership as not just a political alliance, but a close friendship founded on ideals of platonic love and heroic virtue. It reviews the various discourses of friendship, noting the cultural influences (the essayists Montaigne, Sir William Temple, Saint-Évremond, as well as heroic drama and opera) which carried the ideal forward, but with the growing sense that it must prove itself in actual human transactions. It suggests that studying the Marlborough-Godolphin friendship as it proved itself in war abroad and party conflict at home is revealing of two historical figures whom historians have often found enigmatic, though in the end their commitment to it contributed to their short-term failure as well as their longer-term success. The distinction between friendship and royal favour is also touched on.

Max Weber as an Economist: Revisiting Max Weber’s Legacy 100 Years after His Passing

2020 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-222
Author(s):  
Marek Louzek
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Social Scientist ◽  
Ideal Type ◽  
Methodological Individualism ◽  
The Third ◽  
Value Neutrality ◽  
The Ideal

This article presents Max Weber as an economist and as a social scientist. Weber’s relations to economics, philosophy and sociology are discussed. Max Weber has more in common with economists than it might seem at first sight. His principle of value neutrality has become the foundation of the methodology of social sciences, including economics. The second point shared by Max Weber with standard economics is methodological individualism. The third point which a modern economist can learn from Max Weber is the concept of the ideal type.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN TEKNOLOGI PEMBELAJARAN KULIAH DARING TERHADAP SIKAP MENTAL MAHASISWA DAN DOSEN DI ERA COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1317-1326
Author(s):  
Lili Amaliah ◽  
Arie Ardiyanti Rufaedah
Keyword(s):  
Working From Home ◽  
At Home

Awal virus corona ditemukan ketika ada penduduk kota Wuhan Cina terjangkit.Penyakit disebabkan oleh virus SARS-CoV-2, sebelumnya orang beranggapan gejala yang dialami sebagai flu biasa, sampai WHO mendeklarasikan pandemi COVID-19. Virus corona covid-19 turut serta mempengaruhi dunia pendidikan dimana proses belajar mengajar yang biasanya dilakukan secara tatap muka di ruang kelas akibat pendemi virus corona covid 19 proses belajar mengajar harus dilakukan melalui pembelajaran jarak jauh.Hasil dari penelitian ditemukan hubungan yang erat antara perkuliahan online dengan sikap mental dari para mahasiswa peserta perkuliahan. Hal ini bisa dilihat dari data hasil pengolahan dan analisannya menunjukkan sekitar 60.5 % mahasiswa dan dosen siap berdaptasi dengan perkuliahan online walaupun ada yang merasa kesulitan dalam penggunaan aplikasi yang dipakai sebanyak diangka 32.5 % tapi sekitar 47.5 % siap beradaptasi. Hal ini bisa diatasi melalui pelatihan yang cepat dalam penggunaan teknologi pendukung serta operasionalisasi aplikasi tersebut. Perkuliahan online yang dilakukan para dosen disertai dengan pemberian tugas yang banyak dalam kondisi merebaknya wabah COVID-19, dan kebijakan pemerintahan anjuran stay at home serta working from home.

scholarly journals The Mother’s Perspective: Factors Considered When Choosing to Enter a Stay-at-Home Father and Working Mother Relationship

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1260-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassie Rushing ◽  
Misti Sparks
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Working Mother ◽  
Biological Children ◽  
Decision Making Factors ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Work Family ◽  
The Cost ◽  
At Home

A qualitative study was conducted to examine the decision-making factors of entering a stay-at-home father and working mother relationship based on the mother’s perspective. A total of 20 married, heterosexual, working mothers with biological children aged 1 to 4 years were asked questions regarding how they decided to enter a stay-at-home father and working mother relationship as well as contributing factors to this decision. The findings presented in this article were part of a larger study that examined mothers’ overall perspectives of the working mother stay-at-home father dynamics. The themes that emerged regarding how the decision was made to enter this kind of relationship were creating a work–family life balance, utilizing the cost-benefit ratio, and applying personality/trait strengths.

Compensatory Justice and Social Institutions

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph H. Carens
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Ought Implies Can ◽  
The Social ◽  
Compensatory Justice ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
Moral Philosophers

Moral philosophers are fond of the dictum “ought implies can” and even deontologists normally admit the need to take account of consequences in the design of social institutions. Too often, however, philosophers fail to take advantage of the knowledge provided by the social sciences about the constraints and consequences of alternative forms of social organization. By discussing ideals in abstraction from the problems of institutionalization, they fail at least to see some of the important consequences and costs of a proposed ideal, and sometimes they fail even to understand the ideal itself.

Propensity to Work from Home: Modeling Results from the 1995 Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey

2000 ◽  
Vol 1706 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Drucker ◽  
Asad J. Khattak
Keyword(s):  
Sample Selection ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
Multinomial Logit Models ◽  
Working From Home ◽  
Work At Home ◽  
Personal Transportation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
At Home

Working from home is regaining its popularity because of the advantages it presents for both employees and employers. Telecommunications technologies are enabling the new work-at-home phenomena. This study expands the existing body of work-at-home and telecommuting research by using data from the 1995 Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey to consider a larger sample and to include characteristics unavailable in previous analyses. The effects of socioeconomic, household, locational, and accessibility variables on individuals’ choices to work from home are estimated with ordered logit, ordered probit, and multinomial logit models, using a two-equation sample selection regression process. The three models give very similar results. They indicate that educational attainment and the presence of small children in the household encourage frequent working from home. Males and drivers choose to work from home more often than females or nondrivers, and the lack of free parking at work promotes home work. These findings bear implications for trip-generation forecasting and suggest directions for policies intended to influence commute travel.

scholarly journals The Ontology of Symbolic Reality in the Philosophy of F.T. Mikhailov

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
K.V. Sorvin ◽  
A. Mert
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Multiple Selves ◽  
The Social ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Symbolic Reality ◽  
Material Form ◽  
The Ideal

This paper addresses one of the main topics of the works of the famous Russian philosopher F.T. Mikhailov aimed at overcoming the oversimplified conception of the relation between the biological and the social origins of human being, in the context of the methodological problems in the social sciences that have characteristic representations of the transcendence of society over individual. It is shown that the solution proposed by the philosopher was related to the revision of the dominant notions about the ground of the subject-subject unity and the ontology of the symbolic objects that provide this unity. In particular, the disintegration of the ‘activity approach’ in psychology into the concepts of A.N. Leontyev and S.L. Rubinstein, that are called by Mikhailov ‘antinomical’, is associated with the limited reliance on the methodological traditions of Spinozism, in which there was no idea about the reflexive type of subject-subject relation as opposed to the methodology of "late Fichte", with his characteristic position on the initial identity based on multiple selves. It is argued that the most adequate categories for description of the ontological connections between the ideal content and the material form in symbolic objects that provide such an identity can be found in Hegel's aesthetic works.

scholarly journals Editorial – Mutually holding on in critical times

2020 ◽  
pp. i-xiv
Author(s):  
Marco Pellitteri
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
The Social ◽  
Brain Dead ◽  
Critical Times ◽  
At Home

Dear readers, students, fellow scholars, welcome to this eighth instalment of Mutual Images. A friendly greeting to readers and fellow scholars I have been slowly putting this Editorial together, one small piece at a time, between March and June 2020, while being, like you all, focussed on rather bigger matters. Not only I, as the composer of this Editorial, but all the members of our journal’s Boards want to express our sincere appreciation and affectionate friendship to our academic community, regardless of field and discipline. Since January 2020, we have been living in a weird and dramatic moment, and the social sciences and the humanities as a whole, although technically much more fortunate than many other professional categories, are scholarly, collectively, and privately touched by the current pandemic at several levels. We cannot travel to join conferences or workshops as we would like, and in many cases we cannot visit our loved ones if they happen to live in another country; we cannot easily (or we cannot at all) move around if we had planned some fieldwork; we cannot even take a normal walk in our neighbourhood or go to the grocery store without the fear of being infected, or of infecting someone else if we are unaware carriers of this insidious virus—to this end, the use of the sanitary mask is saving millions of lives, even though there are egotistic brain-dead individuals everywhere who challenge this elementary precaution. But as researchers, as academics, our productivity does not necessarily depend on being out there, and in this sense we are hugely privileged. We can still write, investigate, study, read, communicate, teach, help our students to learn and grow, and somehow cheer them up, because they also have been stuck at home at an age in which the physical co-presence of peers is of paramount psychological relevance. It is therefore [...]

scholarly journals “I’m not Working from Home, I’m Living at Work”: Perceived Stress and Work-Related Burnout before and during COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherrill Hayes ◽  
Jennifer L. Priestley ◽  
Namazbia Ishmakhametov ◽  
Herman E. Ray
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Working From Home ◽  
Limited Experience ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Stress Work ◽  
At Home

The purpose of the study was to better understand the relationships among stress, work-related burnout, and remote working brought on by social distancing efforts and stay at home orders put in place during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors developed a questionnaire incorporating valid and reliable self-report stress and burnout measures (Perceived Stress Scale & Copenhagen Burnout Inventory), demographic, and work-related questions. The questions were used primarily to determine workers’ levels of stress before and during the pandemic, to assess potential burnout, and to establish the extent of their previous experience with remote work/telecommuting. The questionnaire was open from March 23rd to May 19th 2020 and distributed through a survey link on social media and by Qualtrics research services. Results from the analyses suggest that perceived stress did increase during the COVID-19 restrictions, especially for people that had limited experience working from home and were female. Individuals who worked from home before COVID-19 had higher levels of work-related burnout but did not differ based on gender or part-time work status. The results suggest that working from home may create more stress and result in more burnout, which challenges the current moves by some employers to make working from home a permanent arrangement. The authors believe that having research based on valid and reliable instruments will help employers and schools make better decisions about how to support those who can remain at home to avoid the potential for secondary outbreaks.

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