scholarly journals Sisal fiber as an alternative to the construction of flexible fiber filters applied to water treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-615
Author(s):  
Alice K. M. Morita ◽  
Marco A. P. Reali
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Aluminum Sulfate ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Flexible Fiber ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Polyamide Fibers ◽  
Sisal Fibers

Abstract The recently developed flexible fiber filters (3Fs) are modular filtration units, which can satisfactorily remove solids at high filtration rates. Normally built with polyamide fibers, it is supposed that natural fibers can be used alternatively. This paper evaluated the performance of 3Fs using as filtering media sisal fibers in lieu of the polyamide ones. The sisal fibers were evaluated by means of scanning electronic microscopy and through solubility assays in hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. Six filters with 28 mm of internal diameter were built, varying their length (25, 60, and 100 cm) and porosity (85 and 93%). The filtration system was fed with synthetic water, in-line coagulation was applied by the addition of 22.5 mg/L of aluminum sulfate, and filtration rates from 20 to 80 m/h were evaluated. Only the filter with 100 cm of length and 85% of porosity could work within the limit established (1 NTU), operating at 20 and 40 m/h. For all the studied configurations, the pressure drop was considerably low (less than 0.5 mH2O) when compared with 3Fs built with polyamide, which shows the potential of using this kind of filter as pre-filtration units or for less restrictive uses. This study showed that 3Fs can be adapted to include different configurations and materials, reducing their cost and making them appropriate for low-income countries.

Thermal Analysis of Sisal/Epoxy Composite Processed by RTM

2015 ◽  
Vol 719-720 ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Andressa Cecília Milanese ◽  
Kelly Cristina Coelho de Carvalho Benini ◽  
Maria Odila Hilário Cioffi ◽  
Herman Jacobus Cornelis Voorwald
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Polymeric Composites ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Sisal Fibers

Nowadays, polymeric composites reinforced with natural fibers are being considered in the civil engineering area. The use of polymeric composites to reinforce degraded timber structures can improve its behavior. Fibers with larger structural applications are glass and carbon but the use of natural fibers is an economical alternative and posses many advantages such as biodegradability, low cost and is derived from natural and renewable sources. Epoxy composite reinforced with sisal fabric was processed by resin transfer molding (RTM) at room temperature and this work studies thermal behavior and its respective mechanism of thermal decomposition. Samples of sisal fiber, epoxy resin and sisal/epoxy composite were characterized by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Thermogravimetric curves showed that sisal fibers can be used in manufacturing process where the processing temperature does not exceed 177°C and shown that the epoxy resin has the greatest stability material followed by sisal/epoxy composite.

scholarly journals Properties of Fibrous Composites with Polyester: A Comparative Analysis Between Sisal Fiber and Pet

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-340
Author(s):  
Matheus Vinicius Falcão Moreira ◽  
Lorrane Carneiro Laranjeira Silva ◽  
Joyce Batista Azevedo ◽  
Pollyana da Silva Melo Cardoso ◽  
Josiane Dantas Viana Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Concentration ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
New Material ◽  
Sisal Fibers

Fiber-reinforced composites represent 75% of the application of these materials in several industrial segments. It has the purpose of improving technical characteristics and reducing environmental impact through the use of sustainable raw materials such as natural fibers and other fibers from industrial waste. In this sense, the objective of this work was to study and compare the mechanical properties of polyester composites (PL) reinforced with natural sisal fiber and residues of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) synthetic fibers. Initially, we evaluated the moisture and morphology of the fibers. The composites with PL matrix were obtained and the fiber concentration varied by 1%, 3%, and 5% by weight. In the composites, the mechanical properties under flexion and impact resistance were evaluated. We concluded that the level of reinforcement with sisal fibers did not significantly affect the mechanical properties. However, the PET fiber provided significant improvements in the properties of the composite. Thus, the composites reinforced with PET fiber residue have advantages in the development of new material with sustainable characteristics.  

Tensile and Statistical Analysis of Sisal Fibers for Natural Fiber Composite Manufacture

2015 ◽  
Vol 1115 ◽  
pp. 349-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Masudur R. Abir ◽  
S.M. Kashif ◽  
Md. Abdur Razzak
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Gage Length ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Natural Fiber Composite ◽  
Sisal Fibers

To achieve sustainability in the composite industry, natural fibers must be able to replace synthetic fibers .In this work the tensile properties of sisal fibers were determined. The relationships between tensile strength, young modulus, failure to strain and gage length was studied. Also variation in tensile strength was quantified using statistical analysis. The relationship between Weibull statistics and gage length were also investigated. The strength of the sisal fiber obtained in this work was between 255-377 MPA and decreased with an increase in gage length. The Weibull modulus obtained was similar for all gage lengths and was around 2.5.

scholarly journals Fiber filter built with polypropylene fibers applied to water clarification

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1036-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice K. M. Morita ◽  
Marco A. P. Reali
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Sulfate ◽  
Polypropylene Fibers ◽  
Scanning Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Parallel Fibers ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Flexible Fiber ◽  
Polyamide Fibers ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
High Application

Abstract Flexible fiber filters are recently developed modular filtration units which have been applied to wastewater and water treatments, satisfactorily removing solids even when operated at high application rates. In this paper, polypropylene fibers, in lieu of the commonly used polyamide fibers, were tested for constructing filtration modules containing parallel fibers. The studied fibers were analyzed by means of scanning electronic microscopy and through solubility assays in hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, aiming to evaluate the risks of using them as filtering media. Three polypropylene filters with different lengths (25, 60, and 100 cm) were constructed and fed with the same raw synthetic water. In-line coagulation was applied by addition of aluminum sulfate (22.5 mg·L−1) and filtration rates from 20 to 80 m·h−1 were evaluated. Filtrates with less than 0.5 NTU could be produced by both 60 and 100 cm filters, operating at 80 m·h−1. High filtration rates, as well as significant backwashing water and air flows, could be applied to flexible fiber filters made of polypropylene, which shows their promising applications.

scholarly journals Analisis Pengaruh Konsentrasi Natrium Hidroksida terhadap Sifat Mekanik Biokomposit Berpenguat Serat Sisal

Jurnal Fisika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Amirin Kusmiran ◽  
Rita Desiasni
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Sisal Fibers ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Treatment

The mechanical properties of natural fibers are continuous development as the alternatively synthetic fibers because of the natural fibers are non-corrosive, lightweight, and environmental advantages. However, these fibers have poor interfacial adhesion properties as the fibers if used as bio-composite material. This problem can be solved by the surface modification method by the sodium hydroxide treatment used to improve the mechanical properties. A sodium hydroxide concentration which it used at 0 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt%, and 15 wt% and the sisal fibers were soaked in that a concentration for 2 hours. Furthermore, the bio-composite fabrication is conducted by hand lay-up technique which is using both sisals as the fibers and epoxy resin as the matrix. The tensile test RTG-1250 results show that the maximum mechanical properties, such as strains, Young's modulus, and elongation, was obtained at sodium hydroxide 5 wt% than others where the values of these mechanical properties were 25.334 MPa, 16.111 GPa, and 1.572%, respectively. The morphological evaluation carried out using a scanning electron microscope showed that the alkali sodium hydroxide treatment was improved interfacial adhesion between fiber and matrix. Finally, sodium hydroxide alkali treatment of more than 5% can be able to sisal fiber cracks so that the mechanical properties of bio-composite can decrease continuously.

Three Cases of Joubert Syndrome in a Consanguineous Syrian Family and a Interesting Case of Multinational Collaboration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davor Petrović ◽  
Vida Čulić ◽  
Zofia Swinderek-Alsayed
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Disorder ◽  
Joubert Syndrome ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Ocular Motor ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
Motor Apraxia

AbstractJoubert syndrome (JS) is a rare congenital, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a distinctive brain malformation, developmental delay, ocular motor apraxia, breathing abnormalities, and high clinical and genetic heterogeneity. We are reporting three siblings with JS from consanguineous parents in Syria. Two of them had the same homozygous c.2172delA (p.Trp725Glyfs*) AHI1 mutation and the third was diagnosed prenatally with magnetic resonance imaging. This pathogenic variant is very rare and described in only a few cases in the literature. Multinational collaboration could be of benefit for the patients from undeveloped, low-income countries that have a low-quality health care system, especially for the diagnosis of rare diseases.

Reviewing the Development of Rural Finance in Vietnam

2013 ◽  
pp. 121-136
Author(s):  
Duong Pham Bao
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Rural Finance ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Rural Credit ◽  
Rural Organizations ◽  
Doi Moi

The objective of this article is to review the development of the rural financial system in Vietnam in recent years, especially, after Doi moi. There are two opposite schools of thought in the literature on rural credit policies in developing countries. One is the conventional supply-side (government-led) approach while the other is called “a new paradigm” that emphasizes the importance of the viability of financial providers and the well functioning of rural credit markets. Conventional theories of rural finance contend that rural finance in low-income countries is generally accompanied by many failures. Contrary to these theories, rural finance in Vietnam does not encounter the above-mentioned failures so far. Up to the present time, it is progressing well. Using a supply-side approach, methodologically, this study reviews the development of the rural financial system in Vietnam. The significance of this study is to challenge the extreme view of dichotomizing between the old and the new credit paradigms. Analysis in this study contends that a rural financial market that, (1) is initiated and spurred by government; (2) operates principally under market mechanisms; and (3) is strongly supported by rural organizations (semi-formal/informal institutions) can progress stably and well. Therefore, the extremely dichotomizing approach must be avoided.

Abdominal Textiloma Mimicking as Left Colic Tumour: A Postoperative Complication Still Common in Low-Income Countries

EMJ Radiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Fistula Formation ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Intermittent Fever ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complications ◽  
Surgical Safety ◽  
Surgical Teams ◽  
Safety Rules

Retained foreign bodies have become very rare in countries where the safety rules in the operating theatre are very rigorous and follow precise guidelines. There are low-income countries where hospital structures are precarious, in which the implementation of surgical safety rules has only been effective recently. Surgical teams in these countries are not yet well trained in the observance of the guidelines concerning swab count, meaning that textilomas are not uncommon. Abdominal textiloma may be asymptomatic, or present serious gastrointestinal complications such as bowel obstruction, perforation, or fistula formation because of misdiagnosis. It may mimic abscess formation in the early stage or soft tissue masses in the chronic stage. This case report presents a 27-year-old female who underwent an emergency laparotomy in a rural surgical centre for an ectopic pregnancy. Two months later, a swelling had appeared on the left side of her abdomen, gradually increasing in size, which was not very painful but caused digestive discomfort and asthenia. Intermittent fever was described and treated with antibiotics. The patient was referred to a better equipped centre to benefit from a CT scan. A textiloma was strongly suspected on the CT but a left colic mass was not excluded. Laparotomy confirmed the diagnosis of textiloma and the postoperative course was uneventful. Prevention rules must be strengthened in these countries where patients can hardly bear the costs of iterative surgeries for complications that are avoidable.

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