Triggers for securitization: a discursive examination of Israeli–Palestinian water negotiations

Water Policy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Nathan ◽  
Itay Fischhendler
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
Water Conflict ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Background Events ◽  
Water Issues ◽  
Negotiation Protocols

Discursive studies on natural resources often fail to examine how the language of existential threats is constructed, while the probable contextual factors for triggering securitization and its implications are also left unexamined. Applied to the Israeli–Palestinian water conflict, this study utilizes negotiation protocols from the Annapolis peace process to quantitatively examine how securitized discourses are triggered and constructed. The study determines that asymmetric actor ratio and negative background events trigger securitizing moves that in this case perpetuate enmity and division. Securitization under conflict scenarios is found to be mostly detrimental to the resolution of water issues as the resource becomes secondary to other high-profile concerns. A more favorable securitized discourse is identified, but this discourse is infrequent and characteristically aligned with the literature that espouses desecuritization.

Negotiated Resolution of the Jordan-Israel Water Conflict

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Water Conflict ◽  
Jordan Valley ◽  
Jordan River ◽  
River Waters ◽  
The Status

AbstractThis article reviews and analyzes the process associated with the water conflict between Jordan and Israel. It starts with the attempts made by the United States between 1953 and 1955 to work out a Unified Plan (The Johnston Plan) for the development of the Jordan Valley. The Plan was expected to forge tacit cooperation in the utilization of the Jordan River waters among Israel and the Arab riparian parties (then at a state of war with Israel). The efforts culminated in an agreement on the technical side, but approval on the political side was postponed and never materialized. The article then turns to the direct negotiations between Jordan and Israel. This process was conducted through the Middle East Peace Process which was launched in Madrid in 1991. The article focuses only on the water negotiations while reviewing the bilateral negotiations and the basis of the resolution over water. The negotiated resolution of 1994 is compared with Johnston's Unified Plan of 1955, with further attention to the status of the implementation of the water agreement since 1994.

Sustainable Futures

2014 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Environmental Challenges ◽  
Areas Of Concern ◽  
Sustainable Futures ◽  
Water Issues ◽  
Insight Into

Sustainable Futures explores the links between population growth, diminishing resources and environmental challenges, and the implications for Australia's future. Written by leaders in their field, and based on presentations from the 2013 Fenner Conference on 'Population, Resources and Climate Change', this book is a timely insight into the intertwined challenges that we currently face, and what can be done to ensure a sustainable and viable future. The book identifies the major areas of concern for Australia's future, including environmental, social and economic implications of population growth; mineral and natural resources; food, land and water issues; climate change; and the obstacles and opportunities for action. Accessible, informative and authoritative, Sustainable Futures will be of interest to policy makers, students and professionals in the fields of sustainability and population growth.

Natural Environments, Ecosystems, Conflict, and Wellbeing

2019 ◽  
pp. 244-267
Author(s):  
Fatih Bodzemir ◽  
Jennifer M. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Water Conflict ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Limited Supply ◽  
Negative Impacts

This chapter examines the correlation between environmental issues and wellbeing. A broad literature review illustrates that changing climate, increasing populations, and degrading natural environments have negative impacts on health and wellbeing. The focus of this chapter is on conflicts arising from the limited supply of natural resources and competing needs, interests, and demands. This can create high levels of tension and division within communities that erodes community spirit, support, and connectedness as people compete for limited resources. The conflict arising from such disputes has negative impacts on social cohesion and the high levels of stress experienced, without adequate supports, can trigger mental ill health. The example of basin level water conflict in Turkey is used to illustrate this.

scholarly journals Air dan Konflik: Studi Kasus Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Hary Jocom ◽  
Daniel D Kameo ◽  
Intiyas Utami ◽  
A. Ign. Kristijanto
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Conflict ◽  
Social Harmony ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Water Scarce

ABSTRAK Secara perhitungan teknis, antara ketersediaan air dan kebutuhan air per kapita mencukupi di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan (TTS) Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur, namun permasalahan aksesibilitas yang menyebabkan terjadinya kekeringan dibeberapa wilayah. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Kolbano dan Kualin, Kab. TTS bertujuan pembuktian teori Homer-Dixon dan Gleick tentang konflik berbasis sumber daya alam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwapertama, ketidakadilan akses terhadap sumber daya air tidak menimbulkan konflik antar masyarakat, dan kedua, tidak terjadi migrasi besar dari wilayah langka air ke wilayah lain. Faktor yang melandasiadalah adanyanilai-nilai budaya yang masih dipercaya dan dijaga, sehingga mampumenciptakan harmoni sosial. Temuan empirik ini menjadi sebuah penemuan teori baru dari pengembangan teori Homer-Dixon dan Gleick yang menyatakan bahwa kelangkaan sumber daya alam/air menimbulkan konflik, namun tidak terjadi dalam konteks masyarakat di Kec. Kolbano dan Kualin, dan wilayah lain di Kab. TTS.   Kata kunci: Kelangkaan air, konflik, sumberdaya air, sumber daya alam ABSTRACT In technical calculations, between water availability and water demand per capita is sufficient in Timor Tengah Selatan (TTS) East Nusa Tenggara province, but the problem of accessibility caused drought in some areas. This research was conducted in the District Kolbano and Kualin, Kab. TTS aims at proving the theory Homer-Dixon and Gleick about natural resource-based conflicts. The results showed that the first, inequality in access to water resources does not generate conflicts between communities, and second, there was no major migration of water-scarce region to region. Factors underlying is their cultural values ​​are still believed and guarded, so as to create social harmony. These empirical findings into a discovery of a new theory of the development of the theory of Homer-Dixon and Gleick stating that the scarcity of natural resources / water conflict, but did not occur in the context of the community in the district Kolbano and Kualin, and other areas in the district TTS.   Keywords: Conflict, natural resources, water resources, water scarcity Cara sitasi: Jocom, H., Kameo, D.D., Utami, I., dan Kristijanto, A.I. (2016). Air dan Konflik: Studi Kasus Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan. 14(1),51-61, doi:10.14710/jil.14.1.51-61

Burundi political fracturing mars prospects for peace

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Profile

Significance Escalating levels of violence, marked by assassinations of high-profile figures and continued attacks on civilians, risk increasing refugee outflows, heightening tensions with Burundi's neighbours. Peace talks, initially scheduled for May 2, are now scheduled to begin on May 21. Impacts Slowing inflation -- to 2.6% year-on-year in April from 4.3% in March -- will ease living costs. However, weak economic growth will depress incomes, possibly exacerbating anti-regime sentiment by some communities. Reports that Kigali is aiding Burundian rebels will raise fears that Rwanda could undermine the peace process. Tanzanian President John Magufuli's positive standing with donors could help him to attract aid for refugee camps.

Water Issues and the Brazilian Agricultural Agenda

2018 ◽  
pp. 362-379
Author(s):  
Vanessa Lucena Empinotti
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Green Water ◽  
Current Dependence ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Sound Management ◽  
Private Actors ◽  
Water Issues ◽  
System Today

The transition to high technology farming in Brazil, adapted to tropical conditions has led to a unique farming system in which water and soil conservation is a key element. The purpose of this chapter is to show how rainfed agriculture in Brazil has evolved effective and sustainable production practices, including the sound management of green water, and how the agro-neoliberal system, today in place, is transforming productivity and environmental stewardship. However, Brazilian farmers still tend to overlook how their productive practices impact natural resources. Their view of natural resources is still primarily utilitarian. They categorize water issues as environmental concerns; not as productive ones. To reverse this tendency, new approaches are needed. It is essential to recognize the vulnerable position of farmers in the world food production system and to promote incentives that allow them to make production choices without the current dependence on private actors and economic gains.

scholarly journals Transitions to freshwater sustainability

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (36) ◽  
pp. 8863-8871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Gleick
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
The Public ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Environmental Transitions ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Water Issues

Fundamental transitions in natural resources technologies, institutions, and management approaches are often difficult to see in advance, or even in the midst, of actual changes. Such a transformation now appears to be underway for freshwater resources, driven by increasingly severe water-related crises around the world. These include mismatches between supply and demand; the continued failure to meet basic human needs for water and sanitation; expanding ecological degradation due to extraction of water from natural systems and human-caused climate changes; the development of new technologies for using, treating, monitoring, and reporting on water use; new conceptual work; and growing attention given to water issues by the public and scientific communities. Similar transitions, with additional implications for water, also appear to be underway in the energy and climate fields. For such transitions to be successful, it is important to understand what drives deep changes in the perceptions, management, and use of natural resources; the factors that encourage or discourage changes; and whether strategies can be developed to improve and accelerate those changes that lead to social, economic, and environmental sustainability goals. This paper addresses the concept of resource or environmental transitions in the context of freshwater; reviews theories, data, and frameworks for identifying and analyzing transitions; offers some examples; and identifies key policies to help manage effective and successful transitions.

Computers and diffraction analysis

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
J. A. Eades
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Electron Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Image Simulation ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
High Profile ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Image Simulations

For well over two decades computers have played an important role in electron microscopy; they now pervade the whole field - as indeed they do in so many other aspects of our lives. The initial use of computers was mainly for large (as it seemed then) off-line calculations for image simulations; for example, of dislocation images.Image simulation has continued to be one of the most notable uses of computers particularly since it is essential to the correct interpretation of high resolution images. In microanalysis, too, the computer has had a rather high profile. In this case because it has been a necessary part of the equipment delivered by manufacturers. By contrast the use of computers for electron diffraction analysis has been slow to prominence. This is not to say that there has been no activity, quite the contrary; however it has not had such a great impact on the field.

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