scholarly journals Demand for environmental quality: averting behaviors impacts and valuation in Southern Ghana

Water Policy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Yaw Okyere
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Adult Treatment ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Quality Testing ◽  
Quality Technology ◽  
Southern Ghana

Abstract Using a cluster randomized evaluation in Southern Ghana, this paper estimates the impacts of water quality testing and information on averting behaviors, demand and expenditures on water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). Households are randomly assigned into either child treatment or adult treatment or comparison group. The study also elicits households' valuation of water quality testing and information using a stated preference approach. The study finds that averting behaviors and expenses on WASH increased more in the treatment households than the comparison households. The results also show that the experiment does not lead to demand for WASH information and infrastructure, except for water treatment in the adult treatment group. Contingent valuation estimates of households' willingness to pay (WTP) for water quality testing and information are lower than the cost, and are consistent with previous studies which show low valuation of water quality technology in Ghana. The WTP in the treatment groups are lower than the comparison group. The study also finds differential impacts on some of the outcome measures based on the random assignment into the treatment groups. The results have research and policy implications on the demand for preventive health goods and environmental quality in developing countries.

scholarly journals Perceptions and determinants of households' participation in a randomized evaluation on water quality testing and information in southern Ghana

Water Policy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1206-1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Yaw Okyere ◽  
Felix Ankomah Asante
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Randomized Experiment ◽  
Subjective Analysis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Variable Approach ◽  
Quality Testing ◽  
Quality Issues ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Southern Ghana

Abstract In this paper, we analyze perceptions and determinants of households' participation in a randomized experiment on water quality testing and information in southern Ghana. Beneficiary households assessed the components of the intervention including its relevance and adequacy in improving understanding of water quality issues. Motivating and constraining factors to participation in the randomized experiment are also assessed. We also estimate the correlates of participation in the intervention. Social and economic benefits derived from the intervention based on perceptions are compared with impacts of the intervention using an instrumental variable approach. We found evidence that subjective analysis estimates of the effects of the intervention are higher than the objective analysis estimates. Households generally perceived the intervention to be relevant in improving their understanding of water quality issues. However, there are differing opinions based on random assignment into either child or adult treatment groups on most- and least-liked attributes of the intervention, and also motivating and constraining factors affecting participation in the intervention. The factors that statistically and significantly influenced participation in the intervention include educational attainment, ethnicity, religious denomination and marital status of the household heads, in addition to the location of residence.

scholarly journals River Water Quality: Who Cares, How Much and Why?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danyel Hampson ◽  
Silvia Ferrini ◽  
Dan Rigby ◽  
Ian J. Bateman
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Ecological Quality ◽  
Quality Improvements ◽  
River Recreation ◽  
Market Benefits

One important motivation for the implementation of the Water Framework Directive is the creation of non-market environmental benefits such as improved ecological quality, or greater opportunities for open-access river recreation via microbial pollution remediation. Pollution sources impacting on ecological or recreational water quality can be uncorrelated but non-market benefits arising from riverine improvements are typically conflated within benefit valuation studies. Using stated preference choice experiments, we seek to disaggregate these sources of value for different river users, thereby allowing decision makers to understand the consequences of adopting alternative investment strategies. Our results suggest anglers derive greater value from improvements to the ecological quality of river water, in contrast to swimmers and rowers for whom greater value is gained from improvements to recreational quality. We also find three distinct groups of respondents: a majority preferring ecological over recreational improvements, a substantial minority holding opposing preference orderings and a small proportion expressing relatively low values for either form of river quality enhancement. As such, this research demonstrates that the non-market benefits which may accrue from different types of water quality improvements are nuanced in terms of their potential beneficiaries and, by inference, their overall value and policy implications.

Aquatic Habitat Analysis as an Element of Water Resources Planning and Management

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 879-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin E. Herricks
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Habitat Management ◽  
Aquatic Habitat ◽  
Water Quality Criteria ◽  
Water Resources Planning ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Planning And Management ◽  
Resources Planning

With increased emphasis on environmental quality objectives in water resources planning and management, past practices of simply considering water quality as the only environmental quality objective are inappropriate. Expanded environmental quality objectives include maintenance of high quality aquatic habitat. Water resource systems must provide both physical and chemical conditions appropriate for the propagation and maintenance of healthy diverse aquatic communities. Managing water resources to provide high quality habitat involves planning to meet both water quality and water quantity objectives. Existing technology based water quality controls and stream based water quality criteria can now be supplemented by aquatic habitat management. An approach to aquatic habitat management is illustrated by use of the Incremental Methodology developed by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The Incremental Methodology uses measures of aquatic habitat to assess instream flows required for by aquatic life. Thus the range of environmental quality objectives in resources planning and management is expanded by application of these methods to include aquatic habitat as well as water quality management. Methods used to determine instream flow needs for rivers in Illinois are reviewed, and the use of this information in developing regulations limiting water extraction for off stream use are described. Aquatic habitat based management is shown to provide workable methods to meet expanded environmental quality objectives in water resources planning and management.

scholarly journals Relationships Between Industrialized Agriculture and Environmental Consequences: The Case of Vertical Coordination in Broilers and Hogs

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura L. Martin ◽  
Kelly D. Zering
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Product Management ◽  
Vertical Coordination ◽  
Pork Industry ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
The North ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis paper examines the relationship between industrialized production in the pork and broiler industries and the natural environment. Historical perspectives are presented regarding the movement toward increasingly concentrated and coordinated pork and broiler production units in the South. The relationships between animal by-product management and environmental quality, both at the farm level and within a geographic region, are addressed. Using the North Carolina pork industry as a background, current regulations and potential policy implications to protect environmental quality are discussed.

Commuter Bicyclist Route Choice: Analysis Using a Stated Preference Survey

2003 ◽  
Vol 1828 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique A. Stinson ◽  
Chandra R. Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Facility Planning ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Stated Preference Survey ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Choice Analysis ◽  
Using Data

The importance of factors affecting commuter bicyclists’ route choices was evaluated. Both route-level (e.g., travel time) and link-level (e.g., pavement quality) factors are examined. Empirical models are estimated using data from a stated preference survey conducted via the Internet. The models indicate that, for commuter bicyclists, travel time is the most important factor in choosing a route. Presence of a bicycle facility (especially a bike lane or separate path), the level of automobile traffic, pavement or riding surface quality, and presence of a bicycle facility on a bridge are also very important determinants. Furthermore, there are policy implications of these results for bicycle facility planning.

scholarly journals Application of ecological indicators in coastal watershed under high pressure during summer period

RBRH ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aichely Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Alessandra Larissa D’ Oliveira Fonseca ◽  
Claudinei José Rodrigues ◽  
Ângela da Veiga Beltrame
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Coastal Watershed ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
The North ◽  
Trophic Index ◽  
Median Area

ABSTRACT Water bodies located in coastal areas are subject to human pressures and the loss of environmental quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the environmental quality of the river Papaquara through water quality and river landscape, using the Trophic Index (TRIX) and Rapid Assessment Protocol (RAP). The study was developed in the watershed located in the north of the island of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis – SC, whose population increase in the summer is around 280%. The Trophic Index and the Rapid Assessment Protocol were evaluated in the pre-summer period, summer and after-summer in seven sample points along the inner areas (higher population density), median and outside the Papaquara river, plus two points in affluent. The river Papaquara showed up in great stress state, is classified as eutrophic, 77% of the samples and changed in 50% of the sampled area, as the TRIX index and RAP, respectively. The internal area registered up eutrophic and impacted in all periods analyzed. The median area and the outer decreased their water quality, due to summer activity, while there was no change in environmental quality by RAP. A significant correlation between the indices used indicated that the RAP should be used with caution to describe the condition of water quality. This analysis has submitted be more appropriate when used in river scale as a whole, but not isolated segments.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR TANAH AKIBAT PENGARUH SUNGAI KLAMPOK YANG TERCEMAR LIMBAH INDUSTRI DI KECAMATAN BERGAS SEMARANG JAWA TENGAH (Analysis of Groundwater Quality Due to Effect Klampok River that was Contaminated Industrial Waste in Bergas Semarang Central Java)

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Sepridawati Siregar ◽  
Desi Kiswiranti
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Sampling ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Quality Testing

AbstrakSungai Klampok mengalir melalui Kecamatan Bergas dan sekelilingnya terdapat beberapa industri sehingga mengakibatkan sungai tersebut tercemar karena menjadi badan penerima air limbah. Akibat penurunan kualitas air Sungai Klampok akan berimbas pada penurunan kualitas air tanah yang digunakan oleh penduduk sekitar sungai tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas air tanah yang berada di sekitar Sungai Klampok sebagai akibat adanya pengaruh beban pencemaran oleh air limbah industri berdasarkan Permenkes No. 416/MENKES/PER/IX/1990 tentang persyaratan kualitas air bersih. Lokasi pengambilan sampel air sungai dibagi menjadi 3 stasiun (LK1, LK2 dan LK3) sedangkan untuk sampel airtanah dari rumah-rumah penduduk dilakukan pada 6 titik yaitu 3 titik di daerah utara dari Sungai Klampok (U1,U2, U3) dan 3 titik di daerah selatan dari Sungai Klampok (S1,S2, S3). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada musim kemarau. Dari hasil uji kualitas air sungai, pencemaran yang terjadi pada air sungai Klampok masuk dalam kategori tercemar ringan-sedang. Sedangkan hasil uji kualitas air tanah masih berada di bawah baku mutu yang disyaratkan oleh Permenkes No. 416/MENKES/PER/IX/1990, sehingga penurunan kualitas air sungai Klampok tidak mempengaruhi kualitas air tanah di sekitar sungai tersebut. AbstractThe Klampok River flows through the Bergas Subdistrict and there are a number of industries around it, causing the river to become polluted because it becomes the body of the recipient of wastewater. As a result of the decline in the quality of the water in the Klampok River, it will impact on the quality of groundwater used by residents around the river. This study aims to determine the quality of groundwater around the Klampok River as a result of the influence of pollution load by industrial wastewater based on Permenkes No. 416 / MENKES / PER / IX / 1990 concerning requirements for clean water quality. The location of river water sampling is divided into 3 stations (LK1, LK2, and LK3) while for groundwater samples from residential houses is carried out at 6 points, namely 3 points in the northern area of Klampok River (U1, U2, U3) and 3 points in the area south of the Klampok River (S1, S2, S3). Sampling is done in the dry season. From the results of the test of river water quality, pollution that occurs in Klampok river water is categorized as mild-moderate polluted. While the results of groundwater quality testing are still below the quality standards required by Permenkes No. 416 / MENKES / PER / IX / 1990 so that the decline in the water quality of the Klampok river does not affect the quality of groundwater around the river.

scholarly journals The in situ remediation of aquaculture water and sediment by commercial probiotics immobilized on different carriers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengmeng Yi ◽  
Chun Wang ◽  
He Wang ◽  
Xi Zhu ◽  
Zhigang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Walnut Shells ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Aquaculture Water

Abstract In the present study, we investigated the effect of probiotics immobilized by oyster shells (Os), vesuvianite (Ve) and walnut shells (Ws) on the remediation of aquaculture water and sediment by analyzing the variation of ammonia-nitrogen (NH4–N), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3–N), nitrite-nitrogen (NO2–N), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and chemical oxygen demand (CODCr), as well as the microbiota of the water and sediment. The positive or negative effects of the treatment groups on the water quality parameters were both observed. Compared with their effects on water quality parameters, the treatment groups had better effects on sediment parameters. Group Ve had the best remediation effect of NH4–N and NO3–N in the sediment (decreased by 5.22 and 1.66 times, respectively). Group Os showed a lower relative concentration of TN and CODCr (decreased by 3.77 and 0.95 times, respectively). The high-throughput sequencing results revealed that the immobilized probiotics increased the relative abundances of functional bacteria in the treatment groups at the phylum and genus level. The above results showed that probiotics immobilized by oyster shells, vesuvianite and walnut shells positively affected the aquaculture environment's remediation, especially the sediment.

scholarly journals Analisis Kualitas Air Di Lahan Reklamasi Pertambangan Nikel Desa Mohoni, Petasia Timur, Morowali Utara

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
FX Anjar Tri Laksono ◽  
Indra Permanajati ◽  
Rahmat Mualim
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Environmental Quality Standards ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Nickel Mining ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Reclamation Area

In Mohoni Village, East Petasia District, North Morowali Regency there are nickel mining activities that are carried out by PT. Asiamax Mining Indonesia. Several locations were mine out status. Hence, reclamation programs are made to improve environmental conditions before mining. One of these stages is water quality tests to ensure that the reclamation area is worthy to be a habitat for animals and plants. The purpose of this study is to find out the water quality in the reclamation area of the ex-nickel mining in Mohoni Village. The storet method is used to analyze water quality whose test parameters include pH, total suspanded solid (TSS), concentrations of copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), chromium valence 6, iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and cobalt (Co) once every three months for a year.The quality water check results are compared with the environmental quality standards in accordance with law number 32 of 2009. Based on the average monitoring results show that the water quality is classified as moderately polluted. The conclusion from this study is that reclamation land might be not used as habitat for animals and plants because the availability of water is not suitable for consumption

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document