New paradigms in urban water management for conservation and sustainability

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea G. Capodaglio ◽  
Paolo Ghilardi ◽  
Joanna Boguniewicz-Zablocka
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Integrated Water Resources Management ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Water Volumes

In order to achieve a sustainable degree of water resources usage, new paradigms in urbanized basins planning must be adopted. Worldwide urbanized areas total population has overcome in 2010, its rural counterpart. While urbanization can be a powerful driver of sustainable development, as the higher population density enables governments to more easily deliver essential infrastructure and services in urban areas at relatively low cost per capita, these benefits do not materialize automatically and inevitably. Water bodies are usually severely hit and impaired by poorly planned urbanization. Old water resources planning paradigms must be abandoned and new ones, which include the connection of ‘green cities’ and their infrastructure with new modes of drainage and landscape planning and improved consideration of receiving waters, ought to be adopted. These must not only be environmentally and ecologically sound, but also functionally and aesthetically attractive to the public. New eco-cities shall no longer rely on excessive water volumes withdrawn from often distant surface and groundwater sources, with a once-only use of the resource, and large water losses due to leaks and evapotranspiration. Long-distance transfer of wastewater and high energy usage and emissions for its treatment should be avoided by distributed and decentralized integrated water/wastewater management. Effluent-domination shall no longer be a characteristic of urbanized river basins. The paper examines some of the paradigms that have been proposed for improving integrated water resources management in urban basins and illustrates some recent examples whether already implemented or still at the proposal stage.

scholarly journals Forecasting and communication key elements for low-cost fluvial flooding early warning system in urban areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 4143
Author(s):  
Melisa Acosta-Coll ◽  
Andres Solano-Escorcia ◽  
Lilia Ortega-Gonzalez ◽  
Ronald Zamora-Musa
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Communication Protocols ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
High Energy ◽  
The Difference

Fluvial flooding occurs when a river overspills its banks due to excessive rainfall, and it is the most common flood event. In urban areas, the increment of urbanization makes communities more susceptible to fluvial flooding since the excess of impervious surfaces reduced the natural permeable areas. As flood prevention strategies, early warning systems (EWS) are used to reduce damage and protect people, but key elements need to be selected. This manuscript proposes the monitoring instruments, communication protocols, and media to forecast and disseminate EWS alerts efficiently during fluvial floods in urban areas. First, we conducted a systematic review of different EWS architectures for fluvial floods in urban areas and identified that not all projects monitor the most important variables related to the formation of fluvial floods and most use communication protocols with high-energy consumption. ZigBee and LoRaWAN are the communication protocols with lower power consumption from the review, and to determine which technology has better performance in urban areas, two wireless sensor networks were deployed and simulated in two urban areas susceptible to fluvial floods using Radio Mobile software. The results showed that although Zigbee technology has better-received signal strength, the difference with LoRAWAN is lower than 2 dBm, but LoRaWAN has a better signal-to-noise ratio, power consumption, coverage, and deployment cost.

scholarly journals Хот суурин газрын усны нөөцийн нэгдсэн менежментийн үнэлгээ: Чиг хандлага ба нөлөөллийн тогтолцоо

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Б. Тайванбат ◽  
О. Алтансүх ◽  
М. Энх-Үүр ◽  
K. Van Leeuwen ◽  
Steven H. A. Koop
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Integrated Water Resources Management ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Integrated Water Management ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Of Water

The large number of people living together in urban areas requires a comprehensive solutions for issues such as the reasonable allocation and adequate use of natural resources, urban planning, and efficient waste management to meet the city's needs.  One of the main factors influencing the health and comfort of urban residents is the supply of clean water and sewerage systems. Therefore, in order to rationally allocate and use water resources to meet urban needs, and to create a healthy and comfortable living environment for city residents, it is necessary to develop an integrated water resources management plan at the national and basin levels, as well as an integrated water management plan and assessment for city level. In addition to assessing the current state of water management, it is important to identify factors and trends that may further strain water resources to prevent future risks. To address the pressures on water management in Ulaanbaatar and Darkhan, representing Mongolia's urban areas, the City Blueprint Approach, developed by the EU Water   Innovation Partnership and the Dutch Institute of Water Cycle, was used in this study. Currently, this approach is used in about 80 cities in more than 40 countries, it is a relatively new and innovative method among Asian cities. As a result, water management in Ulaanbaatar and Darkhan is hampered by both social, economic, and environmental factors.

Wastewater collection and treatment technologies for semi-urban areas of India: a case study

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sundaravadivel ◽  
S. Vigneswaran
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Wastewater Collection

Sanitation and wastewater management problems in small and medium towns in India (referred to as “semi-urban areas” - SUAs) are distinctly different from those of large cities or rural villages. There is an apparent lack of choices of appropriate sanitation options for these semi-urban areas, leading them to adopt on-site sanitation technologies. A field study of four such small towns in India was conducted to evaluate the suitability of available low-cost wastewater collection and treatment technologies, in light of their current practice. Based on the field study, this paper suggests a system comprising “combined surface sewers” and “reed-bed channel” for collection and treatment of wastewater for semi-urban areas, that can utilize all the existing infrastructure to effect better sanitation at lower costs. The suggested system involves converting the existing open wastewater collection drains on the road sides, as “decentralized” networks of covered drains with simple structural modifications to collect both wastewater and stormwater; and, converting the large open drains on the outskirts of SUAs that carry wastewater to agricultural fields, as gravel media filled beds planted with local reeds. Cost estimates for the towns studied indicate this system to be over 70% cheaper compared to conventional collection and treatment systems.

The Use of Tailored Micro-Hydro System in Micro-Urban Scale as a Partial Presumption for Creating the Autarchic Micro-Urban Structures

2013 ◽  
Vol 724-725 ◽  
pp. 1264-1267
Author(s):  
Stefan Tkac ◽  
Zuzana Vranayova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Energy Deficiency ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Compressed Gas ◽  
Direct Use

High energy import rates (over 90% per year) make both countries (Taiwan R.O.C. and Slovak Republic), viably engaged in research on renewable resources, also green planning policy has been proposed. Population is concentrated in the major cities which are facing energy deficiency issues; the unregulated development of micro-urban areas is underestimated in both cases so are the energy issues bound with them. Centralized energy sources require long distance wires to support remote areas; hydro energy is so far the most common, stable and efficient renewable resource in use. Water turbine’s efficiency has gone up to 96%; a proposed new multi-purpose small hydro type is one of the preliminary small scale systems that could be precisely tailored to micro-urban demands. It could stand by for direct use if needed and also use various types of working mediums (e.g. compressed gas, steam, water).

scholarly journals Water Networks Management: New Perspectives

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasilis Kanakoudis ◽  
Stavroula Tsitsifli
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Water Networks ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Water Volumes ◽  
Supply Systems

Real water losses in water distribution systems may well be considered a potential water resource, as the significant water volumes being wasted through these physical losses should be replaced eventually. Advanced tools and strategies can be used for the efficient and sustainable management of water resources toward circular economy. The present Special Issue presents new perspectives for water networks management. The 10 peer-reviewed papers collected in this Special Issue have been grouped in two categories—drinking water supply systems and water resources and irrigation systems. These papers are being briefly presented in this Editorial.

Urban water recycling

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Asano
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Integrated Water Resources Management ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Vital Component ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Increasing urbanization has resulted in an uneven distribution of population, industries, and water in urban areas; thus, imposing unprecedented pressures on water supplies and water pollution control. These pressures are exacerbated during the periods of drought and climatic uncertainties. The purpose of this paper is to summarize emergence of water reclamation, recycling and reuse as a vital component of sustainable water resources in the context of integrated water resources management in urban and rural areas. Water quality requirements and health and public acceptance issues related to water reuse are also discussed. Reclaimed water is a locally controllable water resource that exists right at the doorstep of the urban environment, where water is needed the most and priced the highest. Closing the water cycle loop not only is technically feasible in agriculture, industries, and municipalities but also makes economic sense. Society no longer has the luxury of using water only once.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF WATER ALLOCATION EFFICIENCY IN THE AMU-SURKHAN RIVERS BASIN

World Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (8(48)) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Malika Ikramova ◽  
Khairullo Kabilov ◽  
Alisher Khodjiev ◽  
Ifoda Akhmedkhodjaeva ◽  
Dilshod Nazaraliev
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Energy Consuming

In the article efficiency of water distribution in the territory of Amu-Surkon basin is analysed and based on the results, provided the recommendations. The study is conducted within the project QH-A-QH-2018-409 “Increase efficiency of water resources management in Surkhandarya region: improve interbasin re-distribution of the water resources of Surkhandarya and Sherabaddarya Rivers” funded by Uzbekistan government. The main problems of water management in the Surkhandarya region are: outdated irrigation systems requiring an urgent modernization; large dependence on pump irrigation; low energy efficiency of pumping stations due to use of the old high energy-consuming equipment; irrational distribution and large unproductive technical and operational water losses. Increase of sensitivity to climate change with forecasting of 50% water deficit by 2050 leads to drought and further desertification, including impact on food security. In the article some results are introduced related to improve water allocation by redistribution of water resources between the river basins in the region aimed to reduce of pumped water use for irrigation.

Industrial Wastewater Management in the Context of Climate Change Adaptation in Selected Cities of India

2020 ◽  
pp. 347-365
Author(s):  
Rahul Hiremath ◽  
Bimlesh Kumar ◽  
Sheelratan S. Bansode ◽  
Gurudas Nulkar ◽  
Sharmila S. Patil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
Indian Cities ◽  
Wastewater Use

Climate change and wastewater control are one of the foremost demanding situations for Indian cities. Urbanization and unparalleled growth of cities across India continue to create immense pressure on land and water resources. This uncontrolled growth continues to produce growing volumes of wastewater. Climate change, impacts inclusive of, intense storm events in summer time or extended moist periods in wintry weather are quite visible in India. In urban and peri-urban areas, wastewater use for agriculture is an emerging precedence. Due to susceptible enforcement of regulatory, most of the wastewater generated is permitted off untreated/ partially treated. While many previous studies have checked out the global modifications and associated impacts of climatic variations on water resources, few have targeted at the evaluation of the particular effects and adaptation priorities for water systems in towns. Proper reuse of wastewater for irrigation will significantly lessen the shortage, offer a sustainable water source, improving farming productiveness, lessen pollution, generate livelihood potential for low earnings city households along with contributing to their each day food needs. There are tradeoffs which need to understand which includes problems to individual's health, and surroundings. Through suitable treatment methods, water users' cooperatives, policy shift and the introduction of market based approaches, treated wastewater use in agriculture can be enhanced and all associated risks can also be curtailed. This chapter focuses on use of treated urban wastewater and its management for agriculture in selected Indian cities.

Advances in Small Scale Water Energy Systems and Distribution Model for Micro-Urban Development in Slovak Republic and Taiwan R.O.C.

2013 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
pp. 809-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Štefan Tkáč ◽  
Zuzana Vranayová
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Long Distance

Currently Taiwan and Slovakia import over 90% of energy consumables annually. High energy import rates make both countries viably engaged in research on renewable resources, also green planning policy has been proposed. Population is concentrated in the major cities which are facing energy deficiency issues. The unregulated development of micro-urban areas is underestimated in both cases so are the energy issues bound with them. Centralized energy sources require long distance wires to support remote areas. The proposed urban idea consists of energy resource decentralization by detailed focus on micro-urban development through the combination of accurate hydro distribution system for direct energy production in a place of consumption as a part of the autarchic micro-urban grids arranged in efficiency electric power grid circles calculated by loses in wiring. This urban energy model binds micro-urban structures in one solid network and at the same time creates local smart energy communities built up on each individual dwelling unit that can produce energy for itself from renewable resources locally available and support the local micro-urban public grid or even support nearest city public grid. Hydro energy is so far the most common, stable and efficient renewable resource in use. Water turbines efficiency has gone up to 96%. Proposed new multi-purpose small hydro type is one of the preliminary small scale systems that could be precisely tailored to micro-urban demands. It could stand by for direct use if needed and also use various types of working mediums (e.g. compressed gas, steam, water).

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