Cadmium and Zinc Toxicity and Synergism to Floating Aquatic Plants

1972 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.C. Hutchinson ◽  
Halina Czyrska
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Zinc Toxicity ◽  
Natural Field ◽  
Ecological Implications ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Potential Food

Abstract Floating aquatic plants have been used in a study of the uptake, toxicity and synergism of cadmium and zinc. Both of the species used were found to accumulate the metals, from even very low levels in solution. Cadmium at 0.01 p.p.m. had an inhibitory effect on growth; and 0.1 p.p.m. was enough to cause death. A concentration factor of up to 9500 times occurred; with clear implications of potential food chain effects. Interspecific competition was found to be a further factor influencing metal toxicity. In natural ‘field’ situations, biological competition is the norm. Cadmium and zinc acted synergistically together. Zinc markedly increased the inhibitory effect of cadmium, even though it was itself stimulatory. The presence of one metal also increased the uptake of the other The ecological implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Prolactin-induced α-lactalbumin activity in mammary explants from pregnant rabbits. A role for epidermal growth factor and glucocorticoids

1984 ◽  
Vol 217 (3) ◽  
pp. 833-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Sankaran ◽  
Y J Topper
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor ◽  
Potent Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Alpha Lactalbumin

Exogenous prolactin alone can induce alpha-lactalbumin activity in rabbit mammary explants. Under these conditions, exogenous corticosol has no effect. However, low levels of epidermal growth factor (EGF) can markedly inhibit the induction by prolactin, and this inhibitory effect, in turn, can be prevented by cortisol. The steroid can, in fact, convert EGF from a potent inhibitor into an agent which enhances the induction. None of the other growth factors tested inhibits induction of alpha-lactalbumin activity by prolactin, and no other type of steroid tested overcomes the effect of EGF. The results suggest that, under physiological conditions, glucocorticoid may be essential for induction of alpha-lactalbumin activity in the rabbit in order to override the effect of serum EGF.

NEUROTIC SYMPTOMATICS RELATED TO PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS IN YOUTH

2019 ◽  
pp. 2014-2019
Author(s):  
Milen Dimov
Keyword(s):  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Responsiveness ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
School Year ◽  
Real Behavior ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Ideal

The present study traces the dynamics of personal characteristics in youth and the manifested neurotic symptoms in the training process. These facts are the reason for the low levels of school results in the context of the existing theoretical statements of the problem and the empirical research conducted among the trained teenagers. We suggest that the indicators of neurotic symptomatology in youth – aggression, anxiety, and neuroticism, are the most demonstrated, compared to the other studied indicators of neurotic symptomatology. Studies have proved that there is a difference in the act of neurotic symptoms when tested in different situations, both in terms of expression and content. At the beginning of the school year, neurotic symptoms, more demonstrated in some aspects of aggressiveness, while at the end of school year, psychotism is more demonstrated. The presented summarized results indicate that at the beginning of the school year, neurotic symptoms are strongly associated with aggression. There is a tendency towards a lower level of social responsiveness, both in the self-assessment of real behavior and in the ideal “I”-image of students in the last year of their studies. The neurotic symptomatology, more demonstrated due to specific conditions in the life of young people and in relation to the characteristics of age.

Biodiversity of Bucephalandra Motleyana Schott (Schott, 1858) based on commercial name in Jabodetabek: Ornamental Aquatic Biota Market.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Media Fitri Isma Nugraha ◽  
Ina Erlinawati ◽  
Deni Sahroni ◽  
Wening Enggarini ◽  
Rossa Yunita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
The Other ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Aquatic Biota ◽  
Commercial Market

Bucephalandra sp. is a genus of aquatic plants endemic to Borneo Island, representing the Araceae family. Bucephalandra sp. is famous for its ornamental aquatic plants which are usually used in aquascaping. These aquatic plants come at fantastic prices, e.g. ±300 euros in European ornamental aquatic markets and Rp 50,000 – 700,000 in Indonesian aquatic plant markets. We collected 195 types of Bucephalandra from an ornamental aquatic plant market in Jakarta. In the market, they are sold under its commercial name. Therefore, the aim of this study is to collect and identify the species of all Bucephalandra types in the aquatic plant commercial market. These species that we identified are based on botanical taxonomist identification in the Herbarium Bogoriense Department Botany – Research Centre for Biology – Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI) Cibinong. The result of this study is from our collection (195 types) of which 102 types are Bucephalandra Motleyana Schott species and 90 types are the other species of Bucephalandra.

The Influence of Water Regime on the Performance of Aquatic Plants

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Rea ◽  
George G. Ganf
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Optimal Performance ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
The Other ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Emergent Species

Experimental results demonstrate bow small differences in depth and water regime have a significant affect on the accumulation and allocation of nutrients and biomass. Because the performance of aquatic plants depends on these factors, an understanding of their influence is essential to ensure that systems function at their full potential. The responses differed for two emergent species, indicating that within this morphological category, optimal performance will fall at different locations across a depth or water regime gradient. The performance of one species was unaffected by growth in mixture, whereas the other performed better in deep water and worse in shallow.

Sexual Aggressivity and Androgens

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Raboch ◽  
H. Černá ◽  
P. Zemek
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Klinefelter’S Syndrome ◽  
Klinefelter's Syndrome ◽  
Sexually Aggressive ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Low Levels

Male sex hormones are ascribed a great importance in the literature from the point of view of sexual activity and aggressive behaviour. Two cases of sexually motivated murder are described, committed by delinquents with low levels of testosterone in plasma: one a patient with Klinefelter's syndrome; the other a man after castration. Even a decreased level of androgens, either primary or secondary, is not an absolute prevention of sexually aggressive behaviour.

scholarly journals The inhibitory effect of Gβγ and Gβ isoform specificity on ENaC activity

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (9) ◽  
pp. F1365-F1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Yu ◽  
Otor Al-Khalili ◽  
Billie Jeanne Duke ◽  
James D. Stockand ◽  
Douglas C. Eaton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Channel ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽  
Open Probability ◽  
A6 Cells ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Downstream Effectors ◽  
Isoform Specificity ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) activity, which determines the rate of renal Na+ reabsorption, can be regulated by G protein-coupled receptors. Regulation of ENaC by Gα-mediated downstream effectors has been studied extensively, but the effect of Gβγ dimers on ENaC is unclear. A6 cells endogenously contain high levels of Gβ1 but low levels of Gβ3, Gβ4, and Gβ5 were detected by Q-PCR. We tested Gγ2 combined individually with Gβ1 through Gβ5 expressed in A6 cells, after which we recorded single-channel ENaC activity. Among the five β and γ2 combinations, β1γ2 strongly inhibits ENaC activity by reducing both ENaC channel number ( N) and open probability ( Po) compared with control cells. In contrast, the other four β-isoforms combined with γ2 have no significant effect on ENaC activity. By using various inhibitors to probe Gβ1γ2 effects on ENaC regulation, we found that Gβ1γ2-mediated ENaC inhibition involved activation of phospholipase C-β and its enzymatic products that induce protein kinase C and ERK1/2 signaling pathways.

scholarly journals Effect of Potassium Channel Modulators on Morphine Withdrawal in Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. SART.S6211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas Seth ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmad ◽  
Prerna Upadhyaya ◽  
Monika Sharma ◽  
Vijay Moghe
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Channel ◽  
Withdrawal Syndrome ◽  
Channel Blocker ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Morphine Withdrawal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Opioid Antagonist ◽  
Potassium Channel Openers ◽  
Potassium Channel Modulators ◽  
Withdrawal Signs

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of potassium channel openers and blockers on morphine withdrawal syndrome. Mice were rendered dependent on morphine by subcutaneous injection of morphine; four hours later, withdrawal was induced by using an opioid antagonist, naloxone. Mice were observed for 30 minutes for the withdrawal signs ie, the characteristic jumping, hyperactivity, urination and diarrhea. ATP-dependent potassium (K+ATP) channel modulators were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) 30 minutes before the naloxone. It was found that a K+ATP channel opener, minoxidil (12.5–50 mg/kg i.p.), suppressed the morphine withdrawal significantly. On the other hand, the K+ATP channel blocker glibenclamide (12.5–50 mg/kg i.p.) caused a significant facilitation of the withdrawal. Glibenclamide was also found to abolish the minoxidil's inhibitory effect on morphine withdrawal. The study concludes that K+ATP channels play an important role in the genesis of morphine withdrawal and K+ATP channel openers could be useful in the management of opioid withdrawal. As morphine opens K+ATP channels in neurons, the channel openers possibly act by mimicking the effects of morphine on neuronal K+ currents.

scholarly journals Hydrometeor and latent heat profiles of tropical cyclones Conson, Ivan and Catarina using PR/TRMM data

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Barbio Rosa ◽  
Augusto Pereira Filho ◽  
Prakki Satyamurty
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
High Water ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Hurricane Ivan ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Ice Content

ABSTRACT Microphysical and thermodynamical features of two tropical systems, namely Hurricane Ivan and Typhoon Conson, and one sub-tropical, Catarina, have been analyzed based on space-born radar PR measurements available on the TRMM satellite. The procedure to classify the reflectivity profiles followed the Heymsfield et al (2000) and Steiner et al (1995) methodologies. The water and ice content have been calculated using a relationship obtained with data of the surface SPOL radar and PR in Rondonia State in Brazil. The diabatic heating rate due to latent heat release has been estimated using the methodology developed by Tao et al (1990). A more detailed analysis has been performed for Hurricane Catarina, the first of its kind in South Atlantic. High water content mean value has been found in Conson and Ivan at low levels and close to their centers. Results indicate that hurricane Catarina was shallower than the other two systems, with less water and the water was concentrated closer to its center. The mean ice content in Catarina was about 0.05 g kg-1 while in Conson it was 0.06 g kg-1 and in Ivan 0.08 g kg-1. Conson and Ivan had water content up to 0.3 g kg-1 above the 0ºC layer, while Catarina had less than 0.15 g kg-1. The latent heat released by Catarina showed to be very similar to the other two systems, except in the regions closer to the center.

scholarly journals Six new cases confirm the clinical molecular profile of complete combined 17α-hydroxylase/ 17,20-lyase deficiency in Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 711-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiane Rodrigues Barbosa Belgini ◽  
Maricilda Palandi de Mello ◽  
Maria Tereza Matias Baptista ◽  
Daniel Minutti de Oliveira ◽  
Fernanda Canova Denardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Present Report ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Inguinal Region ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Lyase Deficiency ◽  
Frequent Mutations ◽  
Low Levels

In 2004, Costa-Santos and cols. reported 24 patients from 19 Brazilian families with 17α-hydroxylase deficiency and showed that p.W406R and p.R362C corresponded to 50% and 32% of CYP17A1 mutant alleles, respectively. The present report describes clinical and molecular data of six patients from three inbred Brazilian families with 17α-hydroxlyse deficiency. All patients had hypogonadism, amenorrhea and hypertension at diagnosis. Two sisters were found to be 46,XY with both gonads palpable in the inguinal region. All patients presented hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism, with high levels of ACTH (> 104 ng/mL), suppressed plasmatic renin activity, low levels of potassium (< 2.8 mEq/L) and elevated progesterone levels (> 4.4 ng/mL). Three of them, including two sisters, were homozygous for p.W406R mutation and the other three (two sisters and one cousin) were homozygous for p.R362C. The finding of p.W406R and p.R362C in the CYP17A1 gene here reported in additional families, confirms them as the most frequent mutations causing complete combined 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency in Brazilian patients.

Comparison of the productivity of Texel and Rouge de l’Ouest ewes and their crosses

2002 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. R. Dawson ◽  
A. F. Carson ◽  
L. O. W. McClinton
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Lamb Growth ◽  
Average Figure

AbstractAn experiment was undertaken to compare the productivity of crossbred ewes, produced by crossing Texel sires with Rouge de l’Ouest (Rouge) dams and Rouge sires with Texel dams, relative to purebred Texel and Rouge ewes. The purebred and crossbred ewes were crossed with Rouge and Texel sires. The proportion of productive ewes was similar in the purebred and crossbred ewes with an average figure of 0·92. Irrespective of crossing sire, Rouge ewes produced 0·48 more lambs per ewe lambed than Texel ewes (P < 0·001). The two crossbred ewe types (Texel ✕ Rouge and Rouge ✕ Texel) each produced similar numbers of lambs (on average 1·92 lambs per ewe lambed). Individual heterosis values for ewe fertility and prolificacy were small and not significant (–1·67 for the proportion of productive ewes and –3·14 for the number of lambs born per ewe lambed). Maternal heterosis values were also not significant but were of larger magnitude (6·26 for ewe fertility and 3·12 for prolificacy). Lamb mortality (number of lambs born dead per ewe lambed) at birth was similar for purebred Rouge (0·44) and Texel (0·30) ewes and was significantly reduced by crossbred matings and mating the crossbred ewes (individual heterosis –30·68, P < 0·10; maternal heterosis –80·23, P < 0·001). Individual and maternal heterosis values for lamb growth rate from birth to six weeks were 8 (P < 0·05) and 4 (P > 0·05) respectively. Lamb growth rate from birth to weaning was significantly lower in lambs from Texel ewes compared with those from the other genotypes (P < 0·05). Individual and maternal heterosis values for live-weight gain from birth to weaning were 5 (P < 0·10) and 5 (P < 0·01). The results of the current study demonstrate the superior performance of purebred Rouge ewes compared with purebred Texel ewes in terms of prolificacy and lamb growth rate from birth to weaning. However, both breeds had high lamb mortality at birth. Crossbreeding led to the production of hybrid ewes which had relatively high prolificacy with low levels of dystocia and lamb mortality.

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