Adsorption performance of powdered activated carbon-ultrafiltration systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Campos ◽  
I. Baudin ◽  
J.M. Lainé
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Carbon Particle ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
Filtration Time ◽  
Adsorption Removal ◽  
Carbon Performance

The use of powdered activated carbon in combination with ultrafiltration membranes is attracting increasing interest for the removal of organic compounds in drinking water treatment. The overall adsorption efficiency of this hybrid membrane process strongly depends on the reactor configuration and its operating conditions. Identification of the operating conditions yielding optimum carbon performance can be facilitated by the use of mathematical models describing the adsorption process. In this study, the effect of various designs and operating parameters on the efficiency of the adsorption process is discussed using an adsorption model previously developed and verified by the authors. This discussion includes the effect of filtration time, membrane reactor volume, carbon dosing procedure, carbon dose and carbon particle size on the adsorption removal of two selected micropollutants and dissolved organic matter.

Design and performance of powdered activated carbon/ultrafiltration systems

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.L. Snoeyink ◽  
C. Campos ◽  
B.J. Mariñas
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
Filtration Time ◽  
In Series ◽  
Carbon Performance

The use of powdered activated carbon in combination with ultrafiltration membranes is attracting increasing interest for the removal of organic micropollutants in drinking water treatment. The overall adsorption efficiency of this hybrid treatment process strongly depends on the reactor configuration and its operating conditions. Identification of the operating conditions yielding optimum carbon performance can be facilitated by the use of mathematical models describing the adsorption process. In this study, the effect of various design and operating parameters on the efficiency of the adsorption process is discussed using an adsorption model previously developed and verified by the authors. This discussion includes the effect of filtration time, membrane reactor volume, carbon dosing procedure, and the effect of dosing the carbon in reactors installed in series upstream of the membrane reactor.

scholarly journals Removal of organic pollutants from produced water by batch adsorption treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Hashim Khader ◽  
Thamer Jassim Mohammed ◽  
Nourollah Mirghaffari ◽  
Ali Dawood Salman ◽  
Tatjána Juzsakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Zeolite X

AbstractThis paper studied the adsorption of chemical oxygen demand (COD), oil and turbidity of the produced water (PW) which accompanies the production and reconnaissance of oil after treating utilizing powdered activated carbon (PAC), clinoptilolite natural zeolite (CNZ) and synthetic zeolite type X (XSZ). Moreover, the paper deals with the comparison of pollutant removal over different adsorbents. Adsorption was executed in a batch adsorption system. The effects of adsorbent dosage, time, pH, oil concentration and temperature were studied in order to find the best operating conditions. The adsorption isotherm models of Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin were investigated. Using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, the kinetics of oil sorption and the shift in COD content on PAC and CNZ were investigated. At a PAC adsorbent dose of 0.25 g/100 mL, maximum oil removal efficiencies (99.57, 95.87 and 99.84 percent), COD and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) were identified. Moreover, when zeolite X was used at a concentration of 0.25 g/100 mL, the highest turbidity removal efficiency (99.97%) was achieved. It is not dissimilar to what you would get with PAC (99.65 percent). In comparison with zeolites, the findings showed that adsorption over PAC is the most powerful method for removing organic contaminants from PW. In addition, recycling of the consumed adsorbents was carried out in this study to see whether the adsorbents could be reused. Chemical and thermal treatment will effectively regenerate and reuse powdered activated carbon and zeolites that have been eaten. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals STUDI ADSORPSI ZAT WARNA NAPHTHOL YELLOW S PADA LIMBAH CAIR MENGGUNAKAN KARBON AKTIF DARI AMPAS TEBU

Jurnal Kimia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
W. P. Utoo1 ◽  
E. Santoso ◽  
G. Yuhaneka ◽  
A. I. Triantini ◽  
M. R. Fatqi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
High Adsorption ◽  
Prolonged Contact ◽  
Test Result

The aim of this research is to get activated carbon from sugarcane bagasse with high adsorption capacity to Naphthol Yellow S and to know factors influencing the adsorption capacity. Activated carbon is prepared by incomplete combustion of sugracane bagasse. The resulting carbon is activated with H2SO4 with concentration variation of 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 M and is continued by calcination at 400 °C. The measurement of the surface area of ??activated carbon by the methylene blue method indicates that the activation process successfully extends the surface area of carbon from 31.87 m2/g before activation to 66-72 m2/g after activation. Activated carbon with concentration of 2.0 M H2SO4 showed the highest surface area of ??71.85 m2/g, however, the best adsorption was shown by activated carbon with a concentration of 0.5 M H2SO4 with the adsorption capacity of 83.93%. The adsorption test showed that the best amount of adsorbent was 0.2 g with contact time for 30 minutes. Prolonged contact time can decrease the amount of Naphthol Yellow S adsorbed. The best adsorption test result was shown by sample with activator concentration of 0,5 M, mass of 0,2 g and contact time of 30 min with adsorption capacity 95,81% or amount of dye adsorbed equal to 143,72 mg/g. The adsorption study also showed that the entire Naphthol Yellow S adsorption process followed the Langmuir isothemal adsorption model. Qualitative testing of real batik waste indicates that activated carbon can reduce the dyes waste containing Naphthol Yellow Sexhibited by the color of batik waste which is more faded.  

Long term operation of high concentration powdered activated carbon membrane bio-reactor for advanced water treatment

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.T. Seo ◽  
C.D. Moon ◽  
S.W. Chang ◽  
S.H. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Membrane ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Nakdong River Basin

A pilot scale experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of a membrane bioreactor filled with high concentration powdered activated carbon. This hybrid system has great potential to substitute for existing GAC or O3/BAC processes in the drinking water treatment train. The system was installed at a water treatment plant located downstream of the Nakdong river basin, Korea. Effluent of rapid sand filter was used as influent of the system which consists of PAC bio-reactor, submerged MF membrane module and air supply facility. PAC concentration of 20 g/L was maintained at the beginning of the experiment and it was increased to 40 g/L. The PAC has not been changed during the operational periods. The membrane was a hollow fiber type with pore sizes of 0.1 and 0.4 µm. It was apparent that the high PAC concentration could prevent membrane fouling. 40 g/L PAC was more effective to reduce the filtration resistance than 20 g/L. At the flux of 0.36 m/d, TMP was maintained less than 40 kPa for about 3 months by intermittent suction type operation (12 min suction/3 min idling). Adsorption was the dominant role to remove DOC at the initial operational period. However the biological effect was gradually increased after around 3 months operation. Constant DOC removal could be maintained at about 40% without any trouble and then a tremendous reduction of DBPs (HAA5 and THM) higher than 85% was achieved. Full nitrification was observed at the controlled influent ammonia nitrogen concentration of 3 and 7 mg/L. pH was an important parameter to keep stable ammonia oxidation. From almost two years of operation, it is clear that the PAC membrane bioreactor is highly applicable for advanced water treatment under the recent situation of more stringent DBPs regulation in Korea.

scholarly journals Modeling and Optimization for Production of Rice Husk Activated Carbon and Adsorption of Phenol

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. S. Mohammad ◽  
E. M. Shaibu-Imodagbe ◽  
S. B. Igboro ◽  
A. Giwa ◽  
C. A. Okuofu
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Pretreatment Temperature

Modeling of adsorption process establishes mathematical relationship between the interacting process variables and process optimization is important in determining the values of factors for which the response is at maximum. In this paper, response surface methodology was employed for the modeling and optimization of adsorption of phenol onto rice husk activated carbon. Among the action variables considered are activated carbon pretreatment temperature, adsorbent dosage, and initial concentration of phenol, while the response variables are removal efficiency and adsorption capacity. Regression analysis was used to analyze the models developed. The outcome of this research showed that 99.79% and 99.81% of the variations in removal efficiency and adsorption capacity, respectively, are attributed to the three process variables considered, that is, pretreatment temperature, adsorbent dosage, and initial phenol concentration. Therefore, the models can be used to predict the interaction of the process variables. Optimization tests showed that the optimum operating conditions for the adsorption process occurred at initial solute concentration of 40.61 mg/L, pretreatment temperature of 441.46°C, adsorbent dosage 4 g, adsorption capacity of 0.9595 mg/g, and removal efficiency of 97.16%. These optimum operating conditions were experimentally validated.

scholarly journals Removal of radio N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) from drinking water by coagulation and Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) adsorption

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chung ◽  
Y. Yoon ◽  
M. Kim ◽  
S.-B. Lee ◽  
H.-J. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Background Electrolyte ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Treatment Processes

Abstract. The presence of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in drinking water supplies has raised concern over its removal by common drinking water treatment processes. A simple detection method based on scintillation spectroscopy has been used to quantify the concentration of 14C-labeled NDMA at various ratios of sample to scintillation liquid. Without sample pretreatment, the method detection limits are 0.91, 0.98, 1.23, and 1.45 ng/L of NDMA at scintillation intensity ratios of 10:10, 5:15, 15:5, and 2.5:17.5 (sample: scintillation liquid), respectively. The scintillation intensity in all cases is linear (R2>0.99) and is in the range of 0 to 100 ng/L of NDMA. In addition, because scintillation intensity is independent of solution pH, conductivity, and background electrolyte ion types, a separate calibration curve is unnecessary for NDMA samples at different solution conditions. Bench-scale experiments were performed to simulate individual treatment processes, which include coagulation and adsorption by powdered activated carbon (PAC), as used in a drinking water treatment plant, and biosorption, a technique used in biological treatment of waste water. The commonly used coagulation process for particulate control and biosorption is ineffective for removing NDMA (<10% by coagulation and <20% by biosorption). However, high doses of PAC may be applied to remove NDMA.

scholarly journals Combination of Coagulation, Adsorption, and Ultrafiltration Processes for Organic Matter Removal from Peat Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Muthia Elma ◽  
Amalia Enggar Pratiwi ◽  
Aulia Rahma ◽  
Erdina Lulu Atika Rampun ◽  
Mahmud Mahmud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Aluminum Sulfate ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Organic Matter Removal ◽  
Water Borne

The high content of natural organic matter (NOM) is one of the challenging characteristics of peat water. It is also highly contaminated and contributes to some water-borne diseases. Before being used for potable purposes, peat water must undergo a series of treatments, particularly for NOM removal. This study investigated the effect of coagulation using aluminum sulfate coagulant and adsorption using powdered activated carbon (PAC) as a pretreatment of ultrafiltration (UF) for removal of NOM from actual peat water. After preparation and characterization of polysulfone (Psf)-based membrane, the system’s performance was evaluated using actual peat water, particularly on NOM removal and the UF performances. The coagulation and adsorption tests were done under variable dosings. Results show that pretreatment through coagulation–adsorption successfully removed most of the NOM. As such, the UF fouling propensity of the pretreated peat water was substantially lowered. The optimum aluminum sulfate dosing of 175 mg/L as the first pretreatment stage removed up to 75–78% NOM. Further treatment using the PAC-based adsorption process further increased 92–96% NOM removals at an optimum PAC dosing of 120 mg/L. The final UF-PSf treatment reached NOM removals of 95% with high filtration fluxes of up to 92.4 L/(m2.h). The combination of three treatment stages showed enhanced UF performance thanks to partial pre-removal of NOM that otherwise might cause severe membrane fouling.

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