The A–B Process: A Novel two Stage Wastewater Treatment System

New acts on wastewater disposal demand for higher process stability and effluent quality. The A-B process, a novel two step treatment system, meets these requirements in a cost effective way. Five full-scale plants have been put in operation over the last two years. The objective of this paper is to give an outline of the features of the A-B system in the context of the results of these full-scale plants. In spite of the extreme high load, the A-stage can be operated at a high reduction rate and is stable. Variations in the organic load and pH- and toxic shocks are leveled out and a constant, mainly soluble effluent is supplied. This implicates a low sludge production in the B-stage. As a consequence higher overall reduction rates are obtained as compared to conventional processes at the same sludge load. Very low and stable final effluent concentrations are observed in all full-scale plants. Of special interest are the possibilities of upgrading existing conventional treatment facilities, at minor costs, by incorporating the A-B technology. The A-B process therefore can be considered as a very promising, cost effective alternative for both existing and new wastewater treatment plants in responding to the increasing effluent demands.

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Integrated Omic Analyses Provide Evidence that a “Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis” Strain Performs Denitrification under Microaerobic Conditions

mSystems ◽

10.1128/msystems.00193-18 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Pamela Y. Camejo ◽

Ben O. Oyserman ◽

Katherine D. McMahon ◽

Daniel R. Noguera

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Energy Use ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Biological Nutrient Removal ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Biological Removal ◽

Cost Effective Alternative ◽

Accumulibacter Phosphatis ◽

Microaerobic Conditions

“CandidatusAccumulibacter phosphatis” is widely found in full-scale wastewater treatment plants, where it has been identified as the key organism for biological removal of phosphorus. Since aeration can account for 50% of the energy use during wastewater treatment, microaerobic conditions for wastewater treatment have emerged as a cost-effective alternative to conventional biological nutrient removal processes. Our report provides strong genomics-based evidence not only that “Ca. Accumulibacter phosphatis” is the main organism contributing to phosphorus removal under microaerobic conditions but also that this organism simultaneously respires nitrate and oxygen in this environment, consequently removing nitrogen and phosphorus from the wastewater. Such activity could be harnessed in innovative designs for cost-effective and energy-efficient optimization of wastewater treatment systems.

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Design and development of decentralized water and wastewater technologies: a combination of safe wastewater disposal and fertilizer production

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2010.445 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 62 (7) ◽

pp. 1580-1586 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

S. Fach ◽

S. Fuchs

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Treatment System ◽

Septic Tank ◽

Anaerobic Conditions ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Wastewater Disposal ◽

Design And Implementation ◽

Water And Wastewater ◽

Faecal Sludge

Modern wastewater treatment plants are often inappropriate for communities in developing countries. Such communities lack the funding, resources and skilled labour required to implement, operate, and maintain these plants. This research was conducted to investigate and establish an appropriate wastewater treatment system for the district of Gunung Kidul, Indonesia. Due to its lack of water during the dry season, this district is considered one of the poorest areas in the nation. First, wastewater was stored in septic tank units for a retention time of 26 days. Anaerobic conditions occurred, resulting in an 80% reduction of initial COD. The retained sludge was well stabilized with great potential, if dewatered, for reuse as fertilizer. Consequently, supernatant was separated for experiments consisting of lab scale aerobic sand filtering unit. Through filtration, further removals of COD (about 30%) and pathogens were achieved. Rich in nitrogen, the resulting effluent could be used for irrigation and soil conditioning. With faecal sludge and also a mixture of septic sludge and food waste, the hydrolysis stage of anaerobic digestion was examined. This paper discusses the laboratory findings in Karlsruhe and the design and implementation of a treatment system in Glompong, Indonesia.

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Reconsideration and upgrading of sampling and analysis methods for avoiding measurement-related design and operation failures in wastewater treatment

Water SA ◽

10.17159/wsa/2019.v45.i3.6729 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 45 (3 July) ◽

Author(s):

V Bakos ◽

A Deák ◽

A Jobbágy

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Input Data ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Comparative Method ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Electrochemical Measurement ◽

Full Scale ◽

Floc Structure ◽

Wastewater Quality

Success of design and high operational efficiency may basically stand or fall on the quality of measured (or estimated) input data. Even small mistakes committed in the initial steps of sampling and analysis may become large once scaled up in the design process or during full-scale operation. The paper provides several experiment-based practical recommendations and easily implemented, powerful methods for appropriate sampling and analysis practice in wastewater treatment. Representative wastewater characterization is crucial for satisfactory design and cost-effective operation. The paper highlights hidden problems and challenges of sampling and analysis in activated sludge wastewater treatment which may strongly affect the quality of input data, and thus basically determine the modelling outputs. Full-scale results proved that wastewater quality may change significantly in the sampling tubing and vessels; during the sampling process even nitrification can happen. Regarding sludge settling measurements, effects of dilution, temperature, floc structure, nitrate and dissolved oxygen concentrations as well as current biochemical condition of the sludge sample have been studied and important recommendations provided. A combined comparative method including SVI and DSVI measurements has been elaborated for indication and early warning alert of undesired floc structure transformations. Influent BOD5 concentration is a key factor for describing biodegradability and denitrification capacity of wastewater to be treated. Results of the two most commonly used BOD testing methods were compared for preclarified wastewater. An electrochemical measurement technique provided significantly lower BOD5 concentrations compared to manometric analysis results with a difference of 23% and 15% on average for unfiltered and filtered samples, respectively. Effects of BOD-based fractionation deviations on predictable denitrification efficiency were studied at different inlet C/N ratios by simulating existing full-scale wastewater treatment plants resulting in remarkable differences in effluent nitrate concentrations. Based on the results, application of the manometric BOD measurement method proved to be preferable.

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Estimating costs and benefits of advanced control for wastewater treatment plants – the MAgIC methodology

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2006.126 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 53 (4-5) ◽

pp. 215-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

M. Devisscher ◽

G. Ciacci ◽

L. Fé ◽

L. Benedetti ◽

D. Bixio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Preliminary Analysis ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Full Scale ◽

Control Algorithms ◽

Costs And Benefits ◽

Advanced Control ◽

On Line

This paper discusses a methodology to estimate the costs and benefits of advanced control for wastewater treatment plants. The methodology has been applied to four wastewater treatment plants, representing four standard types of plants built in Flanders, Belgium. The paper outlines the methodology and illustrated results from one of the four design cases. General results are shown and contrasted with full-scale experience. The methodology appears to give realistic results and will be used for further refinement of default control algorithms for certain types of plants. A preliminary analysis indicates that on-line control can become cost-effective for plant sizes above 50,000 population equivalents.

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A framework for the design of the future energy-efficient, cost-effective, reliable, resilient, and sustainable full-scale wastewater treatment plants

Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health ◽

10.1016/j.coesh.2020.01.001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 91-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Shahryar Jafarinejad

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Energy Efficient ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Full Scale ◽

The Future

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Denitrification with methanol in tertiary filtration at wastewater treatment plant Zürich-Werdhölzli

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1997.0038 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 165-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

G. Koch ◽

H. Siegrist

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Normal Operation ◽

Yield Coefficient ◽

Cost Effective Alternative ◽

The Eu

In co-ordination with the EU-guidelines the large wastewater treatment plants in Switzerland have to be extended with enhanced nitrogen removal. Denitrification in tertiary filtration is a cost-effective alternative to extended denitrification in the activated sludge system, which needs additional reactor volume. At the wastewater treatment plant Zürich-Werdhölzli full-scale experiments of denitrification with methanol in tertiary filtration were performed during a summer and a winter campaign of 4 months each. For this purpose one of the original 22 filter cells was equipped with a methanol dosage. At temperatures of 12-15°C rates of denitrification of about 1.0 kgN m−3 d−1 are attained. After main backwashing, denitrification is significantly reduced. Frequent backwashings (several times per day) led to methanol breakthroughs due to biofilm loss. The yield coefficient YCOD was 0.4 kg CODX kg−1 CODme. In spite of methanol dosage the quality of the filter effluent was very good during normal operation in the winter campaign. Accumulation of the nitrite intermediate product was observed in summer at temperatures of 20-22°C.

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Automatic buffer capacity based sensor for effluent quality monitoring

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1996.0008 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 81-87

Author(s):

L. Van Vooren ◽

P. Willems ◽

J. P. Ottoy ◽

G. C. Vansteenkiste ◽

W. Verstraete

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Buffer Capacity ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Data Interpretation ◽

Full Scale ◽

Quality Monitoring ◽

Effluent Quality ◽

Capacity Curves ◽

On Line

The use of an automatic on-line titration unit for monitoring the effluent quality of wastewater plants is presented. Buffer capacity curves of different effluent types were studied and validation results are presented for both domestic and industrial full-scale wastewater treatment plants. Ammonium and ortho-phosphate monitoring of the effluent were established by using a simple titration device, connected to a data-interpretation unit. The use of this sensor as the activator of an effluent quality proportional sampler is discussed.

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