Design and Performance of Pulsed Anaerobic Digesters

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 351-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Stadlbauer ◽  
R. Achenbach ◽  
D. Döll ◽  
B. Jehle ◽  
B. Küfner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Internal Circulation ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Mass Transfer Processes ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Enhance Mass

The development of a Pulse-Driven Loop Reactor (PDLR), a Pulsed Anaerobic Filter (PAF) and a Pulsed Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (PABR) is described. In a PDLR internal circulation is achieved by a specially designed pulse-nozzle together with a concentric draft tube. In a PAF and PABR an oscillation is superimposed onto the biosuspension by means of a pulsator unit. Pulsed digesters enhance mass transfer processes. Consequently they facilitate degassing and prevent a build-up of acid spots in sludge beds. Laboratory- and pilot-scale evaluation using highly polluted distillery slops (pear, cherry, raspberry) as industrial wastewater show a COD removal efficiency of 70 -80 % at loading rates of 10 - 5 kg/m3*d. Contamination, both by sulfate (2 g/L) and copper (0.2 g/L), has a most adverse effect on anaerobic treatment of cherry-mashes, giving rise to a build-up of volatile fatty acids. Consequences for distillery plant operation are discussed.

Design of Pre-Acidification Reactors for the Anaerobic Treatment of Industrial Wastewaters

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. E. Alexiou ◽  
G. K. Anderson ◽  
L. M. Evison
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pre Treatment

Two-phase anaerobic digestion has often been considered beneficial for the treatment of high strength industrial wastewaters, especially when the first phase is used as a pre-treatment system known as pre-acidification. Several applications in the field of industrial wastewater treatment have been reviewed in order to evaluate the advantages of the pre-acidification process and its effects on the methanogenic reactor. Although pre-acidification has obvious advantages, complete acidification may be detrimental to the efficiency of the overall process. The use of balancing tanks at full-scale has been common practice for the pre-acidification of a wide range of wastewaters yet no accepted design criteria for acidogenic reactors have been formulated and two-phase applications are generally based upon previous experience. The paper summarizes the results of a two year investigation into pre-acidification at both bench- and pilot-scale, presents the results of instant coffee production wastewaters and discusses a wide range of parameters which have been evaluated. Operating criteria will be discussed and guidelines for the design of pre-acidification reactors will be presented. Finally alternatives to using the total VFA (volatile fatty acids) concentrations for expressing the efficiency of acidogenesis will be introduced.

scholarly journals Development of an Optimised Chinese Dome Digester Enables Smaller Reactor Volumes; Pilot Scale Performance

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiodun O. Jegede ◽  
Grietje Zeeman ◽  
Harry Bruning
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
High Loading ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Volatile Solids

Chinese dome digesters are usually operated at long hydraulic retention times (HRT) and low influent total solids (TS) concentration because of limited mixing. In this study, a newly optimised Chinese dome digester with a self-agitating mechanism was investigated at a pilot scale (digester volume = 500 L) and compared with a conventional Chinese dome digester (as blank) at 15% influent TS concentration at two retention times (30 and 40 days). The reactors were operated at ambient temperature: 27–33 °C. The average specific methane production, volatile fatty acids and percentage of volatile solids (VS) reduction are 0.16 ± 0.13 and 0.25 ± 0.05L CH4/g VS; 1 ± 0.5 and 0.7 ± 0.3 g/L; and 51 ± 14 and 57 ± 10% at 40 days HRT (day 52–136) for the blank and optimised digester, respectively. At 30 days HRT (day 137–309) the results are 0.19 ± 0.12 and 0.23 ± 0.04 L CH4/g VS; 1.2 ± 0.6 and 0.7 ± 0.3 g/L; and 51 ± 9 and 58 ± 11.6%. Overall, the optimised digester produced 40% more methane than the blank, despite the high loading rates applied. The optimised digester showed superior digestion treatment efficiency and was more stable in terms of VFA concentration than the blank digester, can be therefore operated at high influent TS (15%) concentration.

scholarly journals Circular Economy in the Manufacture of Bioplastics: From Sewage Sludge to Plastic Bottle

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (23) ◽  
pp. 1425
Author(s):  
N. Anes García ◽  
F. Blanco Álvarez ◽  
A. L. Marqués Sierra
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Potential Evaluation ◽  
The One

The main objective of this study is the potential evaluation of obtaining bioplastics through biodegradable polyesters synthesized by bacteria, present in the anaerobic treatment of urban and industrial wastewater, which have a series of characteristics to consider as their processing as material bioplastic In Asturias, more than 70,000 tons of sludge are produced and, by applying circular economy criteria and technologies for the production of bioplastics from wastewater, a synergy could be obtained that would allow the reuse of sludge by valorization as raw material. to produce bioplastics. This valorization can be carried out mainly through the combination of two technologies, on the one hand, anaerobic fermentation to produce volatile fatty acids and on the other the generation of bacterial populations that produce Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA’s). The PHAs are obtained from the microorganisms present in the sludge generated in the wastewater treatment process.

Integrated anaerobic treatment of dairy industrial wastewater and sludge

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Passeggi ◽  
Iván López ◽  
Liliana Borzacconi
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Hydraulic Residence Time ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Parallel Arrangement ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

Performance parameters were studied in an alternative full-scale dairy effluent treatment system comprising two anaerobic sludge-blanket reactors in parallel arrangement with upward flow, internal fat-separation by flotation, external lamella settler and floated material digester. Reactors were initially inoculated with flocculent sludge and granulated in a high-load stage. Using loading rates up to a maximum 5.5 kgCOD/m3.d–hydraulic residence time of 17 hours- reactor efficiency was found to remain stable around 90% of COD. Average sludge digester efficiency using a loading rate of 3.5 kgVS/m3.d with a lipid content of 47% of COD amounted to 78% of VS (87% of lipid removal). LCFA inhibition as assayed using palmitate was found to depend not only on the palmitate concentration but also on the palmitate-to-biomass concentration ratio.

scholarly journals Electrical Conductivity for Monitoring the Expansion of the Support Material in an Anaerobic Biofilm Reactor

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Marín-Peña ◽  
Alejandro Alvarado-Lassman ◽  
Norma A. Vallejo-Cantú ◽  
Isaías Juárez-Barojas ◽  
José Pastor Rodríguez-Jarquín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Support Material ◽  
Inverse Fluidized Bed ◽  
Bed Expansion

This article describes the use of the electrical conductivity for measuring bed expansion in a continuous anaerobic biofilm reactor in order to prevent the exit of support material from the reactor with the consequent loss of biomass. The substrate used for the tests is obtained from a two-stage anaerobic digestion (AD) process at the pilot scale that treats the liquid fraction of fruit and vegetable waste (FVW). Tests were performed with the raw substrate before anaerobic treatment (S1), the effluent from the hydrolysis reactor (S2), and the effluent from the methanogenic reactor (S3) to evaluate its effect on the electrical conductivity values and its interaction with colonized support material. The tests were carried out in a 32 L anaerobic inverse fluidized bed reactor (IFBR), which was inoculated with colonized support material and using two industrial electrodes at different column positions. The results with the previously digested samples (S2 and S3) were satisfactory to detect the presence of support material at the points where the electrodes were placed since the electrical conductivity values showed significant changes of up to 0.5 V, while with substrate S1 no significant voltage differences were appreciated. These results demonstrate that electrical conductivity can be used as an economic and simple mean for monitoring the support material expansion in order to avoid over expansion in the IFBR. It was also demonstrated that the conditions of the substrate in the methanogenic stage (pH and presence of volatile fatty acids) do not affect the operation of the electrical conductivity detection system.

Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment in Downflow Stationary Fixed Film Reactors

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 157-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Kennedy ◽  
R. L. Droste
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Fixed Film ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Solids Content

Design features and performance of the downflow stationary fixed film reactor for anaerobic wastewater treatment are reviewed. Media characteristics, feed characteristics and loading rates found to provide rapid start-up and maximum treatment efficiency are discussed. It is concluded that the reactor is a useful research tool for studying anaerobic treatment. The reactor is not as sensitive to waste characteristics as other second generation anaerobic reactors. The reactor is able to handle wastes with high suspended solids content and provide efficient treatment with a minimum clogging potential. DSFF operation is simple and stable; however, loading rates attainable in this reactor are not as high as those attained with other processes due to lower biomass retention capacity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the aerobic and anaerobic degradation of an industrial effluent from vegetable tannery processing of leather on batch reactors

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Anaerobic Degradation ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Tannery Effluent ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

<p>In this study, the aerobic and anaerobic biodegradability of the industrial wastewater from the vegetable tanning process were evaluated. Water from a food wastewater treatment system was used as seed inoculum for the aerobic process and mature granular methanogenic sludge from a brewery industrial wastewater plant was used for the anaerobic process. The water from the tanning industry had a biological to chemical oxygen demand ratio of 33% with values of total chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the range of 342000 mg O2/L and total dissolved solids of 506595 mg/L. The assay of the tannery effluent under aerobic conditions resulted in a decrease of COD of 39.2% and a degradation of tannins lower than 12% after 26 days, while the anaerobic degradation showed a COD reduction of 65% with a 39% of degradation of tannins. The production of methane and Volatile Fatty Acids, during the anaerobic treatment, suggests a potential adaptation of biological organisms present in the mature anaerobic granular methanogenic sludge.</p>

The effect of temperature on the performance and stability of thermophilic anaerobic digestion

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Wilson ◽  
S. M. Murthy ◽  
Y. Fang ◽  
J. T. Novak
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Energy Calculations ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Methane Formation ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Sustainable Operation ◽  
And Performance

Sustainable operation of an anaerobic sewage sludge digester requires the effective shuttling of carbon from complex organic material to methane gas. The accumulation of intermediates and metabolic products such as volatile fatty acids and hydrogen gas not only reveal inefficiency within the digestion process, but can be detrimental to reactor operation at sufficiently high levels. Eight anaerobic digesters (1 mesophilic and 7 thermophilic) were operated in order to determine the effect of steady-state digestion temperature on the operational stability and performance of the digestion process. Replicate reactors operated at 57.5 °C, the highest temperature studied, were prone to accumulation of volatile fatty acids (4052 and 3411 mg/L as acetate) and gaseous hydrogen. Reactors operated at or below 55 °C showed no such accumulation of intermediate metabolites. Overall methanogenesis was also greatly reduced at 57.5 °C (0.09 L CH4/g VS fed) versus optimal methane formation at 53 °C (0.40 L CH4/g VS fed). Microbial community assessment and free energy calculations suggest that the accumulation of fatty acids and hydrogen, and relatively poor methanogenic performance at 57.5 °C are likely due to temperature limitations of thermophilic aceticlastic methanogens.

Pilot-scale thermophilic anaerobic treatment of wastewaters from seasonal vegetable processing industry

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Rintala ◽  
S. S. Lepistö
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Loading Rates

Thermophilic anaerobic treatment of food industry wastewaters was studied using a 0.65 m3 upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor. The reactor was operated at 55°C and placed on the premises of a factory manufacturing deep-frozen goods from vegetables. The hot (&gt;80-90°C) and concentrated (COD 14-79 g/l) wastewater streams, deriving from steam peeling and blanching of carrot and potato were used. The UASB reactor was inoculated with a small amount of granular sludge from a full-scale mesophilic UASB reactor. Prior to inoculation, the inoculum was acclimated to 55°C for 2 days. The reactor was fed with a mixture of wastewaters diluted to the desired COD. The reactor was started with loading rates of about 1.2 kgCOD/m3d. After the initial acidification of the process, apparently due to insufficient buffer capacity, the COD removal started to improve and reached 60% within 35 days of inoculation. At the end of the 70 days run, more than 80% COD removal was achieved with loading rates of about 4 kgCOD/m3d. The pilot-study run was limited due to the end of the seasonal production in the target factory. The results of the pilot study together with the results from the intensive laboratory studies suggest the feasibility of thermophilic anaerobic treatment for the studied wastewaters.

RESEARCH AND EVALUATE TREATMENT EFFICIENCY ON TAPIOCA PROCESSING INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER BY AEROBIC BIOFILTER TECHNOLOGY WITH VARIOUS MATERIALS

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-66
Author(s):  
Phuong Thi Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Phuoc Van Nguyen ◽  
Anh Cam Thieu
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Loading Rates

This study was performed to evaluate the efficiency of tapioca processing wastewater treatment using aerobic biofilter with variety of biofilter media: coir, coal, PVC plastic and Bio - Ball BB15 plastic. Research results in the lab demonstrated all four aerobic biofilter models processed can treated completely N and COD which COD reached 90-98% and N reached 61-92%, respectively, at the organic loading rates in range of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 kgCOD/m3.day. The results identified coir filter was the best in four researched materials with removal COD and specific substract utilization rate can reach 98%, and 0.6 kg COD/kgVSS.day. Research results open the new prospects for the application of the cheap materials, available for wastewater treatment.

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