Integrated cadastre (Inventory System) for pollution sources in the Danube basin in Yugoslavia

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 265-275
Author(s):  
P. Marjanovic ◽  
M. Miloradov ◽  
Z. Cukic ◽  
S. Bogdanovic ◽  
D. Sakulski
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Danube Basin ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Constitutional Right ◽  
The Government

The state of the art approach to environmental protection and management calls for the implementation of major multipurpose environmental protection systems and a wide scope of preventive measures. Since environmental protection falls within the scope of problems collectively known as “externalities” which justify government intervention, i.e. the implementation of the required measures, it is the responsibility of the government to ensure that adequate data is collected and analyzed prior to any decision making pertaining to environmental protection. It is this responsibility of the Government and the constitutional right of the people to live and work in a healthy environment that are the basis of the development of a Federal Integrated Cadastre of Polluters. The integrated approach requires a substantial increase in the amount of information and data on which the planning decisions of the future will be based. It is this need for information and data necessary for the implementation of the state of the art forecasting, planning and management (decision making) that brought about the development of the Integrated Cadastre (Inventory) of Polluters in the Danube basin in Yugoslavia. This paper presents the methodology used in the development of the integrated cadastre and gives a brief review of the structure of the information system used to manage the integrated cadastre.

Les chefs de cabinets ministériels au Québec: la transition du gouvernement libéral au gouvernement péquiste (1976–1977)

1981 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheline Plasse
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
The State ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Forces ◽  
The Government

This article first presents a brief survey of the role and functions filled by the personal aide (chef de cabinet) of a minister in Quebec. The analysis continues, in a comparative perspective, by tracing a sociological and professional portrait of the Liberal“chefs de cabinet” in April 1976 and their successors in the pequiste government in July 1977.We then test the hypothesis that the cleavage between the government and the dominant economic forces has increased since November 15, 1976 as a result of the ideology articulated by the“chefs de cabinet” regarding the social and economic aims of the state. This hypothesis was confirmed.The hypothesis that the pequiste“chefs de cabinet” exercise a more pronounced influence on the decision-making process is also confirmed. Nevertheless, one cannot argue that the pequiste“chefs de cabinet” usurped the power of the legislators; their influence is more political than technocratic. The growing influence of the pequiste“chefs de cabinet” neverthelsss helps to accentuate the tensions and conflicts between the higher civil service and the ministerial aides.

La société civile au Liban: ses forces et ses faiblesses

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-301
Author(s):  
Fadia Kiwan
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Political Change ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
The State ◽  
Active Components ◽  
The Government ◽  
Société Civile

This paper investigates the multiple faces of Lebanese civil society, particularly focusing on the evolutions of the recent years. It reconstructs the state of the art in this field in order to see if Lebanese civil society could represent an alternative to ‘communitarian society’ and to the government of the traditional elites. The analysis starts from some relevant questions: which are, today, the most active components of Lebanese civil society and to which extent are they able to trigger change? To what extent the participation of the associations in Lebanon could be considered a mean of democratizationor, at least, a mean of political change? Was it possible for the civil society’s Organisations crossing the border lines of communitarianism, to develop a critical mass for change?The domestic and regional evolutions show a very complicated panorama where it seems very difficult to get out of confessionalism.

scholarly journals An Integrated Approach to Redistribution: Issues of Policy, Economics and Information

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Mark Prebble
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

<p>This thesis considers how best to administer redistribution policies. It focuses particularly on the information needed to assess relative circumstances, the implications of the government collecting such information, and processes by which the appropriate information may be assembled and assessed. In New Zealand, as with many other OECD nations, the Government's redistribution policies are administered through a range of different agencies, with duplication in some areas and gaps in others. An integrated approach to redistribution systems may offer a means to improve equity and efficiency. Part One discusses the assessment of relative well-being, and adopts the choice set as the intellectual device for this purpose. The time period for the assessment of income is examined in detail, with the conclusion that a long period should be used except where the individual is constrained to operate under a short time horizon. A new concept of "bankability" is developed as a means of identifying those operating under such constraints. Part Two uses the philosophical foundations of the value of privacy to develop a new statement of the right to privacy, such that everyone should be protected against the requirement to divulge information, unless that information is the "business" of another party. A view on the business of the state depends on one's ideology of the state. Since it is generally accepted in New Zealand in the late twentieth century that the state has a role in redistribution, the state has some right to collect information for that purpose. However, the rights of the state are moderated by the existence of a common law tradition of respect for individuals. A set of criteria for evaluating redistribution systems is devised in Part Three. These criteria, which include consideration of the information to be collected, individual control over personal information, and administrative simplicity, are then used to identify significant weaknesses in the systems currently used in New Zealand. The main problems identified are the collection of inadequate information, duplication, and complex institutional structures; the main virtue of the current systems is that information provided is only used for the purpose for which it was provided. An alternative approach is outlined which would address the problems while retaining the current protection of privacy interests. This thesis is a mix of inter-disciplinary academic enquiry and policy development. Part One is an amalgam of economic and philosophical approaches, Part Two involves philosophy and politics, and Part Three applies the theoretical considerations to issues of public administration.</p>

scholarly journals A Discussion for the protection of the environnement in the law of planification in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government

This article aims to answer the question that if the law of planification of China, really takes account of the objectives of environmental protection.   The answer is based on, first of all, the reform of system of land ownership (direct link of the development of urbanization). This article cracks the problem by two approaches: the state and collective property right. The first part of the analysis is macro-perspective, i.e., the course of land reform and the land users. In general, the state remains the sole owner of all the land and delegates the local governments to manage the use of land in China. However, the high interest undermines their roles, and degradation of environment in the process of urbanization continues. Based on this observation, we analyzed their administration, i.e., who are the actors and how the powers are shared. The lack of transparency and independence is in its structure, i.e., they have ambitions to have a good protection but the conflict appears frequently.    In the further part, micro-vision was employed. We focused on the regulations of planification, procedures and formalities that is deeply involved. In fact, we find that the volume of law was expanded and a need of consolidation is urgent for the coherence, accessibility and understanding of law. Then it follows the analysis of two typical procedures: the procedure of environmental assessment as well as participation. These procedures are the practical implementation of the consideration of the environment. The fact is that rapid urbanization resulted in a reconfiguration of the urban space, and the appearance of a variety of interests. The degradation of environment, coupled with the importance of urbanization has become a challenge to governance. People realized more and more issues related to housing, welfare and citizenship. This forces the government to change their policies and acts.    From different points of views- historical, political, administrative, legal and social- this research determines how a better environmental protection can play in law of planification. The reforms are envisaged, and there are still problems: the harmonization and consistency of the regulations, the clarity of the law for his efficiency and law security, the improvement of the process. Contrary to what is received, the government has intention to solve this question, as demonstrated by his consistency to innovation and reform in the field. At the present, planification, rather than a method of protection, works for the growth of the economy. Due to the lack of effective regulation, the real consideration of environment is still very limited.

scholarly journals Spam Review Detection:A Systematic Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shoaib Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Art Research ◽  
Fake Reviews ◽  
Research Studies

In this era of technology, people rely on online posted reviews before buying any product. These reviews are very important for both the consumers and people. Consumers and people use this information for decision making while buying products or investing money in any product. This has inclined the spammers to generate spam or fake reviews so that they can recommend their products and beat the competitors. Spammers have developed many systems to generate the bulk of spam reviews within hours. Many techniques, strategies have been designed and recommended to resolve the issue of spam reviews. In this paper, a complete review of existing techniques and strategies for detecting spam review is discussed. Apart from reviewing the state-of-the-art research studies on spam review detection, a taxonomy on techniques of machine learning for spam review detection has been proposed. Moreover, its focus on research gaps and future recommendations for spam review identification.

scholarly journals Rise of multiattribute decision‐making in combating COVID‐19: A systematic review of the state‐of‐the‐art literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Assim Alsalem ◽  
Rawia Mohammed ◽  
Osamah Shihab Albahri ◽  
Aws Alaa Zaidan ◽  
Abdullah Hussein Alamoodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State

scholarly journals Analisis K-Medoids Dalam Pengelompokkan Penduduk Buta Huruf Menurut Provinsi

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 721
Author(s):  
Sri Rahayu Ningsih ◽  
Irfan Sudahri Damanik ◽  
Agus Perdana Windarto ◽  
Heru Satria Tambunan ◽  
Jalaluddin Jalaluddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Clustering Method ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Cluster ◽  
Central Statistics

Illiteracy is the state of being unable to read and to write for communication. A large number of people still experiencing illiteracy in a country is one indicator showing that the country is still not developed. As many as 3.4 million people or around 2.07% of the population in Indonesia are still illiterate. This study aims to create a grouping model using the k-medoids algorithm. The k-medoids method is a clustering method that serves to break down datasets into groups. The data used is sourced from the Central Statistics Agency. Entered data are percentage of illiterate population in 2009-2017. The number of records used is 34 provinces which are divided into 3 clusters namely high cluser, medium cluster and low cluster. From the results of k-medoids calculation, one (1) province was categorited as a high cluster, twelve (12) provinces as a medium cluster and twenty-one (21) provinces as a low cluster. The implementation process using the RapidMiner 5.3 application is used to help find accurate values. It is hoped that this research can be used as one of the bases for decision making for the government in an effort to equalize the level of illiteracy according to the province which has an impact on reducing of illiteracy rates in Indonesia.

The Right to Self-Determination under the Ethiopian Constitution: A Legal Tool for Indigenous Peoples’ Protection against Land Alienation?

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-383
Author(s):  
Tilahun Weldie Hindeya
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Discretionary Power ◽  
The People ◽  
Constitutional Right ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

AbstractSince 2008 the Ethiopian government has allocated vast tracts of land, particularly in the Gambella and Benishangul-Gumuz regions, to agricultural commercial actors with little or no participation from indigenous communities. The marginalization of indigenous peoples in this process primarily emerges from the government's very wide legislative discretionary power regarding decision-making in the exploitation of land. The government has invoked constitutional clauses relating to land ownership and its power to deploy land resources for the “common benefit” of the people, to assert the consistency of this discretionary power with the Ethiopian Constitution. This article posits that the legislative and practical measures taken by the government that marginalize these indigenous peoples in decisions affecting the utilization of land resources are incompatible with their constitutional right to self-determination. Further, it posits that the government's use of the constitution to justify its wide discretionary power in the decision-making process relating to land exploitation is based on a misreading of the constitution.

Continuous Assurance and the Use of Technology for Business Compliance

2018 ◽  
pp. 820-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Pedro Figueiredo Marques
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Reliable Information ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Assurance Services

In the current organizational context, in which there is a fierce competitiveness and a constant need for more timely, relevant and reliable information to support the decision making and achieve the strategic and operational objectives, Continuous Assurance has assumed an important role as a management goal and in ensuring improved effectiveness of organizations. This works provides the concept of Continuous Assurance, its objectives and components, and a model which allows both to evaluate information systems with Continuous Assurance services and to help design the requirements of new ones. Finally, some implementations are also presented providing a comprehensive understanding the state-of-the-art and the benefits of Continuous Assurance.

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