Factors Affecting Income Distribution in Sulawesi

This study aims to determine the factors that influence the distribution of income in Sulawesi. The data used is data sourced from the Central Statistics Agency, for the period 2011-2020 in 6 Sulawesi Island Provinces. The method used is multiple regression analysis with the help of the eviews 9 application. The results show that per capita expenditure has a positive and significant effect on income distribution, average years of schooling has a negative and significant effect on income distribution, life expectancy has a negative but not significant effect on income distribution.

KAJIAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA DAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT DI PROVINSI BALI

Bali is an island where tourism plays a dominant role in its economy, so its potential needs to be further developed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of tourist visits, number of hotels, and hotel occupancy rates on total employment and welfare of the people in Bali. The data used is secondary data published by Bali Provincial Tourism Office and the Bali Province Central Statistics Agency from 2000-2019. The analysis technique used is path analysis. The results showed that the number of tourist visits has a positive and significant effect on total employment, the number of hotels has a negative and insignificant effect on total employment, while the hotel occupancy rate has a positive and insignificant effect on total employment. In addition, the number of tourist visits has a negative and insignificant effect on welfare, the number of hotels and the total employment have a positive and significant effect on welfare, while the hotel occupancy rate has a negative and significant effect on the welfare of the community. Labor absorption is not a mediating variable between tourist visits and occupancy rate on welfare.

Analisis Keberlanjutan Usahatani Perkebunan Kelapa Rakyat Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir

Coconut plantation is one of the strategic commodities in the national economy and community welfare. The problems related to smallholding coconut farmers, namely the reduction in area and coconut production every year. Research needs to be conducted to determine the sustainability status of smallholings’ coconut farmer plantations through the MDS method bin Indragiri Hilir Regency. Data were collected from 45 respondents in each sub-district, namely Indragiri Hilir Regency, namely Enok, Keritang, Mandah, and Pulau Burung Districts, and analyzed with the Multidimensional Scalling (MDS) method covering economic, environmental and socio-cultural dimensions. Primary data were obtained from direct interviews with farmer respondents and several experts who concentrated on the coconut which were selected purposively, secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency, Agriculture and Plantation Service, and other kinds of literature that support this research. The results of the ordination Rap-technique on the MDS method showed that the index value of the sustainability of the smallholder coconut plantations in Indragiri Hilir Regency ranged from 25,01 to 50,00 which was categorized as less sustainable. In particular, the sustainability index is 48.01, 33,76, and 28,06 for the economy, ecology and socio-culture, respectively. The sustainability of smallholdings’ coconut plantation farming in each dimension has a different sustainability index, the different sustainability index indicates a need for different policies to improve the sustainability status of smallholder coconut plantations in Indragiri Hilir Regency.

ANALISA NILAI TUKAR PETANI DI PROVINSI RIAU

This study was conducted to determine the factors that influence the farmer's exchange rate (the ratio of the price index received by farmers to the price index paid by farmers) in the food crops sub-sector in Riau Province. The data collected in this study is data published by the Central Statistics Agency of Riau Province. The data obtained were then analyzed using SPSS 22. The test results show that the level of expenditure has a negative and significant effect on the exchange rate of farmers in the food crop sub-sector, this can be seen from the value of tcount (-2.475) < ttable (2.44691) with a significant value of 0.048 < 0.05. Harvested area has a significant positive effect on the exchange rate of farmers in the food crop sub-sector, this can be seen from the value of tcount (4.441) < ttable (2.44691) with a significant value of 0.004 <0.05. Meanwhile, the food import variable has no significant effect on the exchange rate of farmers in the food crop sub-sector, this can be seen from the value of tcount (2.273) < ttable (2.44691) with a significant value of 0.063 > 0.05, with a value of Fcount (12.476) > Ftable , (4,35).

A ANALISA NILAI TUKAR PETANI DI PROVINSI RIAU

This study was conducted to determine the factors that influence the farmer's exchange rate (the ratio of the price index received by farmers to the price index paid by farmers) in the food crops sub-sector in Riau Province. The data collected in this study is data published by the Central Statistics Agency of Riau Province. The data obtained were then analyzed using SPSS 22. The test results show that the level of expenditure has a negative and significant effect on the exchange rate of farmers in the food crop sub-sector, this can be seen from the value of tcount (-2.475) < ttable (2.44691) with a significant value of 0.048 < 0.05. Harvested area has a significant positive effect on the exchange rate of farmers in the food crop sub-sector, this can be seen from the value of tcount (4.441) < ttable (2.44691) with a significant value of 0.004 <0.05. Meanwhile, the food import variable has no significant effect on the exchange rate of farmers in the food crop sub-sector, this can be seen from the value of tcount (2.273) < ttable (2.44691) with a significant value of 0.063 > 0.05, with a value of Fcount (12.476) > Ftable , (4,35). Keywords: Farmer's Exchange Rate, Food Crops Subsector.

Analysis of Indonesia's Exports & Imports in the Asian Region: Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic

The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on Indonesia's export and import activity in the Asian region. Data on exports and imports from February 2019 to March 2020 (before the pandemic) and from April 2020 to May 2021 (during the pandemic) was collected from the Indonesian Central Statistics Agency portal. The results show that the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic does not always decrease Indonesia's exports and imports in countries in the Asian region. For exports, out of 51 countries, only 18 decreased significantly, 14 countries decreased insignificantly, and 19 countries increased. On the import side, out of the same 51 countries, only 11 experienced a significant decline, 24 countries experienced an insignificant decrease, and 19 countries experienced an increase. The Indonesian government must implement various policies that can protect and encourage exports by providing fiscal stimulus, diversifying trading partners, deregulation, and industrial downstream, among others. Further research needs to be carried out on how the effects of the pandemic changed import and exports according to product type and how the severity of the pandemic affects within a country affected export and import activities.

Forecasting Foreign Tourist Visits to West Nusa Tenggara Using ARIMA Method

West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) is one of the provinces in Indonesia that has its own charm in the world of tourism and is known as a pioneer of halal tourism. In addition to domestic tourists, NTB tourism always has an attraction for foreign tourists. This is evidenced by the increasing number of foreign tourists visiting NTB from year to year before the Covid-19 pandemic. This condition certainly has a positive impact on increasing NTB’s economic growth in the tourism sector and indirectly on the optimization of existing infrastructure. The purpose of the study is to predict the number of foreign tourist visits to NTB so that it can assist the government in making decisions in preparing adequate facilities and infrastructure in the event of a surge in tourist visits. The method used in this study is the Box-Jenkins-ARIMA model. The ARIMA method is based on 3 models that are formed from the results of plot data. The data used in this study is secondary data sourced from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), from January 2010 to June 2019. The results show that the ARIMA (4,1,1) model is the most widely used model. This model is suitable for predicting the number of foreign tourists visiting NTB because this model produces the lowest SSE and MSE values compared to other models.

PERANAN SEKTOR PERTANIAN DALAM PEMBANGUNAN WILAYAH KABUPATEN SIMALUNGUN PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA

The role of the agricultural sector in the regional development of Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra Province. The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of the agricultural sector in regional development in Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra Province. The data in this study were obtained from the Central Statistics Agency of Simalungun Regency and the Central Statistics Agency of North Sumatra Province from 2015-2019. The results showed that based on the value of the Gross Regional Domestic Product (PDRB), it can be seen from the economic growth in the region. When viewed from the PDRB of Simalungun Regency in the agriculture, forestry and fisheries sectors, it has the potential to be developed. The GDP contribution of the fisheries sector was 48.67 percent with a growth rate of 7.32. Based on the results of the LQ analysis, the agricultural sector in Simalungun Regency is a basic or superior sector with a contribution of 3.44 followed by Water Supply, Waste Management, Waste and Recycling of 1.12 and Wholesale and Retail Trade, and Car and Motorcycle Repair 1.09. As for the crop and vegetable horticulture agricultural sector commodity that contributed, namely cabbage with a harvest area of 2,406 hectares (21.50%). Of the food crops, namely lowland rice and oil palm, are plantation commodities with the highest production reaching 555,551 tons (97.76%).

Analisis Potensi Unggulan dan Daya Saing Sektor Pertanian di Kabupaten Tabanan

The agricultural sector in Tabanan Regency not only plays a role in food security, but also contributes significantly to sources of income. During the last five years the agricultural sector in Tabanan Regency has also contributed significantly to the GRDP of Tabanan Regency. The purpose of this study is to identify the superior potential of the agricultural sector in Tabanan Regency and to identify the competitiveness of the agricultural sector in Tabanan Regency. This study uses secondary data sourced from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Tabanan Regency and Bali Province. There are two analyzes used in this study, namely Location Quotient (LQ) analysis and Shift Share analysis. The results of research using Location Quotient (LQ) analysis show that the agricultural sector is included in the category of leading sectors in Tabanan Regency. This is indicated by the Location Quotient (LQ) value that is greater than one. While the results of the study using Shift Share analysis show that the agricultural sector in Tabanan Regency is included in the category of sectors that have fast competitiveness compared to reference areas, this is because the value of Differential Shift shows a positive value.

Analysis of the Effect of Macroeconomic Variables on Happiness in Indonesia

Happiness has become one of the indicators in measuring the level of success of economic development lately. Happiness as an indicator of development success is in line with the new schools of thought in economics, namely economics of happiness and economics of behavior. This happiness indicator is in line with the sustainable development goals driven by the United Nations agency. This study aims to analyze the effect of macroeconomic variables on happiness in Indonesia. The macroeconomic variables are gross regional domestic product per capita, poverty, provincial government expenditures for the education function and for the health function. Happiness data is obtained from the results of a survey of measuring the level of happiness conducted by the Central Statistics Agency which issues a happiness index in 33 provinces in Indonesia. The form of this research is descriptive-quantitative and sourced from secondary data obtained from the publications of the Central Statistics Agency, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Health and the National Development Planning Agency. Data analysis uses a panel data regression approach, with serial data in 2014 and 2017 for the number of observations in 33 provinces in Indonesia. The results of the research analysis show: (1) gross regional domestic product per capita has a positive and significant effect on happiness in Indonesia; (2) poverty has a negative and significant effect on happiness in Indonesia; (3) provincial government spending on education function has a positive and significant effect on happiness in Indonesia; (4) provincial government spending on health function has a positive and insignificant effect on happiness in Indonesia. Keywords: Gross Regional Domestic Product per Capita, Poverty, Education Function, .Health Function, Happiness.