Ozonation of azo dyes

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Liakou ◽  
S. Pavlou ◽  
G. Lyberatos
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Orange Ii ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Ozone Oxidation ◽  
Ozone Pretreatment ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Dye Molecule

Ozone pretreatment studies of wastewater containing a specific azo dye – Orange II - were conducted in order to assess the kinetics of ozone oxidation and to evaluate the effect of ozonation on the biodegradability of the wastewater. Batch experiments were performed at different initial concentrations of the dye, showing that ozone is capable of a rapid disruption of the dye molecule. Moreover, the production of biodegradable compounds is apparent from the evolution of COD and BOD5 measurements. A mathematical model which describes the dye elimination, the COD and BOD5 variation, and the amount of ozone reacted has been developed.

Pretreatment of azo dyes using ozone

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 155-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Liakou ◽  
M. Kornaros ◽  
G. Lyberatos
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Orange Ii ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Kinetics Of

Wastewaters produced in textile industrial processes contain organic dyes which are not easily amenable to biological treatment. Pretreatment with ozone is a promising method for oxidation of those dyes to more degradable compounds. The aim of this work is to assess the oxidation kinetics of a specific azo dye used in the textile industry, Orange II. Batch experiments were conducted in order to elucidate the oxidation route of the dye. Oxalate, formate and benzenesulfonate are found to be the oxidation intermediate compounds. A mathematical model which describes the dye elimination, the COD and BOD5 variation, the amount of ozone reacted and the time evolution of the intermediate compounds has been developed.

Final products and kinetics of biochemical and chemical sulfide oxidation under microaerobic conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 1916-1924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Pokorna-Krayzelova ◽  
Dana Vejmelková ◽  
Lara Selan ◽  
Pavel Jenicek ◽  
Eveline I. P. Volcke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Oxidation Rate ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Sulfide Oxidation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Microaerobic Conditions ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract Hydrogen sulfide is a toxic and usually undesirable by-product of the anaerobic treatment of sulfate-containing wastewater. It can be removed through microaeration, a simple and cost-effective method involving the application of oxygen-limiting conditions (i.e., dissolved oxygen below 0.1 mg L−1). However, the exact transformation pathways of sulfide under microaerobic conditions are still unclear. In this paper, batch experiments were performed to study biochemical and chemical sulfide oxidation under microaerobic conditions. The biochemical experiments were conducted using a strain of Sulfuricurvum kujiense. Under microaerobic conditions, the biochemical sulfide oxidation rate (in mg S L−1 d−1) was approximately 2.5 times faster than the chemical sulfide oxidation rate. Elemental sulfur was the major end-product of both biochemical and chemical sulfide oxidation. During biochemical sulfide oxidation elemental sulfur was in the form of white flakes, while during chemical sulfide oxidation elemental sulfur created a white suspension. Moreover, a mathematical model describing biochemical and chemical sulfide oxidation was developed and calibrated by the experimental results.

Biodegradation of selected azo dyes under methanogenic conditions

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elías Razo-Flores ◽  
Maurice Luijten ◽  
Brian Donlon ◽  
Gatze Lettinga ◽  
Jim Field
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Aminosalicylic Acid ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Azo Reduction ◽  
Uasb Reactors

Biological treatment of wastewaters discharged by the textile industry could potentially be problematic due to the high toxicity and recalcitrance of the commonly-used azo dye compounds. In the present report, the fate of two azo dyes under methanogenic conditions was studied. Mordant Orange 1 (MO1) and Azodisalicylate (ADS) were completely reduced and decolorised in continuous UASB reactors in the presence of cosubstrates. In the MO1 reactor, both 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and 1,4-phenylenediamine were identified as products of azo cleavage. After long adaptation periods, 5-ASA was detected at trace levels, indicating further mineralization. ADS, a pharmaceutical azo dye constructed from two 5-ASA units, was completely mineralized even in the absence of cosubstrate, indicating that the metabolism of 5-ASA could provide the reducing equivalents needed for the azo reduction. Batch experiments confirmed the ADS mineralization. These results demonstrate that some azo dyes could serve as a carbon, energy, and nitrogen source for anaerobic bacteria.

Synthesis and study of new azo dyes based on functionally substituted derivatives of salicylic acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Nadezhda M. Kuzmina ◽  
◽  
Dmitry S. Gusarov ◽  
Thi Ngok An Vu ◽  
Olga V. Kovalchukova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Azo Compounds ◽  
Amino Group ◽  
Acid Dyes ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Lipinski’S Rule ◽  
Dye Molecule

Three chromatographically pure azo dyes based on salicylic acid and para-nitroaniline were isolated in 60-64% yields. The structure of the synthesized compounds was proved by IR spectroscopy. The spectra of the compounds contain characteristic absorption bands associated with the vibrations of O–H, N–H, C=O, and N=N groups. The products precipitated as orange-brown powders, which corresponds to compounds with a short system of conjugated double bonds. The predominant tautomeric form of existence of the synthesized azo compounds was determined – 5,5'-(diazen-1,2-diyl)bis(2-hydroxybenzoic acid), 2-hydroxy-5-((4-nitrophenyl)-diazenyl)benzoic acid, 5-amino-2-hydroxy-4-((4-nitrophenyl) diazenyl) benzoic acid. It was shown that they all exist as azo-tautomers. To determine the dyeing power of potential dyes, a test cold dyeing was carried out on samples of a multichannel consisting of six main types of fabrics used in the textile industry, under conditions corresponding to dyeing with acid and reactive dyes. The ability of the compounds to act as acid dyes was established, coloring woolen, polyamide and acetate fibers in yellow-orange and beige-brown colors. The introduction of an amino group into the salicylic acid fragment weakens the color properties of the azo dye molecule. The calculation of the toxicity of compounds with intravenous and oral routes of administration, carried out according to the GUSAR program, shows their low toxicity (4-5 toxicity class). The introduction of an amino group into the azo dye molecule is accompanied by an increase in its toxicity. All isolated compounds comply with Lipinski's rule, which indicates their bioavailability. Prediction of the biological activity of the compounds, carried out using the PASS program, shows that with a probability of more than 90%, the synthesized compounds exhibit antiseptic properties without irritating the skin and mucous membranes. This allows the isolated compounds to be considered promising for use as dyes in cosmetics.

scholarly journals Decolorization of textile azo dye Reactive Red 239 by the novel strain Shewanella xiamenensis G5-03 isolated from contaminated soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Aline Silva Cossolin ◽  
Hélen Cristina Oliveira dos Reis ◽  
Ketinny Camargo de Castro ◽  
Bruna Assis Paim dos Santos ◽  
Matheus Zimermann Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Wide Temperature Range ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Static Conditions ◽  
Kinetics Of

Shewanella xiamenensis G5-03 isolated from contaminated landfill soil efficiently decolorized five textile azo dyes under static conditions. One of them, Reactive Red 239 (RR239), was completely decolorized at a pH range of 7 to 11 (at 35°C) within 3-6 h. The bacterium was also efficiently decolorized RR239 in a wide temperature range of 25-40°C (at pH 8). The kinetics of RR239 decolorization by G5-03 fitted to the Michaelis–Menten Model (Km = 443.3 mg L-1, Vmax = 166.7 mg L-1 h-1). The decolorization of RR239 was monitored by UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopy, which showed significant changes in peak positions when compared to the dye spectrum. Overall, the ability of S. xiamenensis G5-03 to decolorize textile azo dyes in a wide range of temperatures and pH (neutral-alkaline) indicate that this strain is a potential candidate for treating dye-containing effluent.

scholarly journals Phylogenetically diverse bacteria isolated from tattoo inks, an azo dye-rich environment, decolorize a wide range of azo dyes

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Won Nho ◽  
Xuewen Cui ◽  
Ohgew Kweon ◽  
Jinshan Jin ◽  
Huizhong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Orange Ii ◽  
Methyl Red ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Optical Absorbance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tattoo Inks

Abstract Purpose There has been an interest in the microbial azo dye degradation as an optional method for the treatment of azo dye-containing wastes. Tattoo ink is an extremely unique azo dye-rich environment, which have never been explored in terms of microorganisms capable of degrading azo dyes. Previously, we isolated 81 phylogenetically diverse bacteria, belonging to 18 genera and 52 species, contaminated in tattoo inks. In this study, we investigated if these bacteria, which can survive in the azo dye-rich environment, have an ability to degrade azo dyes. Methods We conducted a two-step azo dye degradation (or decolorization) assay. In step 1, a high-throughput degradability assay was done for 79 bacterial isolates using Methyl Red and Orange II. In step 2, a further degradation assay was done for 10 selected bacteria with a representative of 11 azo dyes, including 3 commercial tattoo ink azo dyes. Degradation of azo dyes were calculated from measuring optical absorbance of soluble dyes at specific wavelengths. Results The initial high-throughput azo dye assay (step 1) showed that 79 isolates had a complete or partial degradation of azo dyes; > 90% of Methyl Red and Orange II were degraded within 24 h, by 74 and 20 isolates, respectively. A further evaluation of azo dye degradability for 10 selected isolates in step 2 showed that the isolates, belonging to Bacillus, Brevibacillus, Paenibacillus, and Pseudomonas, exhibited an excellent decolorization ability for a wide range of azo dyes. Conclusions This study showed that phylogenetically diverse bacteria, isolated from azo dye-rich tattoo inks, is able to degrade a diverse range of azo dyes, including 3 azo dyes used in commercial tattoo inks. Some of the strains would be good candidates for future studies to provide a systematic understanding of azo dye degradation mechanisms.

Use of a sequencing batch biofilter for degradation of azo dyes (acids and bases)

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Quezada ◽  
I. Linares ◽  
G. Buitrón
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Textile Effluent ◽  
Colour Removal ◽  
Substrate Degradation ◽  
Acids And Bases ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Basic Red 46

The degradation of azo dyes in an aerobic biofilter operated in an SBR system was studied. The azo dyes studied were Acid Red 151 and a textile effluent containing basic dyes (Basic Blue 41, Basic Red 46 and 16 and Basic Yellow 28 and 19). In the case of Acid Red 151 a maximal substrate degradation rate of 288 mg AR 151/lliquid·d was obtained and degradation efficiencies were between 60 and 99%. Mineralization studies showed that 73% (as carbon) of the initial azo dye was transformed to CO2 by the consortia. The textile effluent was efficiently biodegraded by the reactor. A maximal removal rate of 2.3 kg COD/lliquid·d was obtained with removal efficiencies (as COD) varying from 76 to 97%. In all the cycles the system presented 80% of colour removal.

scholarly journals Kinetics of Substituted Bis- and Mono-azo Dyes as Corrosion Inhibitors for Aluminium in Hydrochloric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide Solutions

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 408-409
Author(s):  
Loutfy H. Madkour ◽  
R. M. Issa ◽  
I. M. El-Ghrabawy
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Thermodynamic Model ◽  
Corrosion Inhibitors ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Alkaline Corrosion

This investigation is designed to apply an advanced kinetic–thermodynamic model on the data obtained from acidic and alkaline corrosion of aluminium using bis- and mono-azo dyes as corrosion inhibitors.

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