Pathogen removal efficiency from UASB + BF effluent using conventional and UV post-treatment systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Keller ◽  
R.F. Passamani-Franca ◽  
F. Passamani ◽  
L. Vaz ◽  
S.T. Cassini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
Uv Reactor ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms

The aim of this study was to verify the efficiency of removal of microorganisms in effluents of a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) comprising an association of a UASB reactor followed by three submerged aerated biofilters (BAF) and one tertiary filter. The WWTP designed to treat domestic wastewater from a population of 1,000 inhabitants showed high removal efficiency for organic matter and suspended solids. Helminth eggs were also efficiently removed from the tertiary effluent and were found in the sludge from the UASB reactor; however, removal of bacteria in this system was very low. To enhance the efficiency of the system, the effluent from tertiary filters was submitted to UV disinfection in a real scale reactor. Our results showed that UV irradiation was very effective at lowering the concentrations of E. coli, thermotolerant coliforms and coliphages to acceptable levels for agricultural reuse. Salmonella spp. and helminth eggs were seeded into the tertiary effluent before passing through the UV reactor. Salmonella was not found in the final effluent, but helminth eggs were not completely inactivated by UV irradiation and viable eggs were detected after 28 d of incubation.

Hydroponic cultivation of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) using effluents from primary, secondary and tertiary +UV treatments

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
R. Keller ◽  
K. Perim ◽  
S. Semionato ◽  
E. Zandonade ◽  
S. Cassini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hydroponic Cultivation ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Microbiological Analyses

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential cultivation of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) with domestic wastewater effluents with different levels of treatment from a compact WWTP in Brazil. Vegetables were grown in five treatments: nutrient solution (control), secondary effluent diluted 50%, secondary effluent not diluted, tertiary effluent UV irradiated, and UASB effluent. Microbiological analyses from leaves showed low levels of contamination with E. coli, thermotolerant coliforms and total coliforms. Salmonella spp. and helminth eggs were not detected. However, roots showed hardly any concentration of these microorganisms. These results shows that it is possible to cultivate leafy vegetables in a hydroponic system with treated effluents, taking care at the moment of harvesting vegetables.

Inactivation of Salmonella spp. from secondary and tertiary effluents by UV irradiation

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Keller ◽  
F. Passamani ◽  
L. Vaz ◽  
S.T. Cassini ◽  
R.F. Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Biofilm Reactors ◽  
Scale Reactor ◽  
Real Scale

The aim of this study was to verify the efficiency of UV irradiation in the inactivation of Salmonella spp. in treated wastewater with different levels of turbidity and exposed to increasing doses of UV irradiation. Experiments were carried out in a batch reactor and in a real scale reactor. Salmonellae obtained from clinical samples were seeded into autoclaved wastewater collected from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) comprising an association of a UASB reactor followed by three submerged aerated biofilters (BAF) and one tertiary filter. The results showed that salmonellae were not inactivated in effluents from the UASB reactor indicating that the presence of suspended solids was an important obstacle to UV penetration in bacteria. However, UV irradiation was efficient in inactivating Salmonella of effluents from aerated secondary and tertiary biofilm reactors.

A Batch Activated Sludge Study of Pineapple Wastewater Using a Bioaugmentation Process

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nik Fuaad Nik Abllah ◽  
Aik Heng Lee
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Organic Removal ◽  
Sludge Production

A laboratory study was conducted to determine the feasibility of batch activated sludge reactor for treating pineapple wastewater and to examine the effects of bioaugmentation on treatment performance. The experimental set-up consists of eleven batch reactors. Activated sludge obtained from a wastewater treatment plant treating domestic wastewater was used as seed for the reactors. Synthetic pineapple wastewater was used as feed for the reactors. The eleven reactors were arranged to evaluate the total organic removal, nitrification, and sludge production by bioaugmentation process. Three major factors considered were influent organic loading, ammonia-nitrogen, and dosage of bacterial-culture-product addition. Removal of TOG (total organic carbon), sludge production in terms of SS(suspended solids), and ammonia-nitrogen removal variation are used as evaluation parameters. The TOC removal efficiency after the end of a 48 hour reactor run, for influent TOC of 350.14 to 363.30 mg/l, and 145.92 to 169.66 mg/l, was 94.41 to 95.89%, and 93.72 to 94.73% respectively. Higher organic removal was observed in the bioaugmented reactors with higher organic loading. The better organic removal efficiency in the bioaugmented reactors was probably due to activities of bacteria added. The test results also indicated that sludge yield was enhanced by the bacteria additive and high bacteria dosage produced less sludge. Bioaugmentation was observed to be a suitable alternative for enhancing the biological treatment of pineapple wastewater.

scholarly journals Hygienic sanitary conditions of vacuum packed beef produced by slaughterhouses qualified for export in the Mato Grosso state, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxsueli Aparecida Moura Machado ◽  
Barbara Müller ◽  
Ricardo César Tavares Carvalho ◽  
Eduardo Eustáquio de Souza Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
Market Expansion ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

ABSTRACT: Brazil is the largest exporter of beef of the world and Mato Grosso State is the highest beef producer in this country. To maintain product competitiveness and market expansion, sanitary hygienic control of the entire process is indispensable to ensure the attainment of harmless beef and quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the hygienic sanitary conditions of vacuum-packed beef produced by establishments qualified for export in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. A total of 60 samples were submitted to coliforms counts at 35°C and at 45°C and E. coli. The mean contamination by at 35°C and coliforms at 45°C were 3,1 x 102MPN/g and 7.7MPN/g respectively. The presence of E. coli was verified in five samples, representing an occurrence of 8.3% (5/60), and Salmonella spp. in 5% (03/60) of the analyzed samples. The MPN (Most Probable Number) average of coliforms at 35°C and 45°C are in accordance to national and international legislation; however, the presence of Samonella spp., E. coli in some sample indicates a low risk of occurrence of salmonellosis and colibacillosis transmitted by the evaluated beef. However, transmission risk of these diseases cannot be ruled out, since the presence of E. coli does not depend on the amount of coliforms and national legal standards established for the group of thermotolerant coliforms.

Treatment of anaerobically treated domestic wastewater using rotating biological contactor

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 371-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tawfik ◽  
B. Klapwijk ◽  
F. El-Gohary ◽  
G. Lettinga
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Stage System ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Final Effluent ◽  
Post Treatment Process

A small-scale pilot plant consisting of a three-stage RBC has been investigated for the removal of E. coli, COD fractions and ammonia from the effluent of an UASB reactor treating domestic wastewater. The results obtained reveal that a three-stage system operated at a HRT of 3.0 h represents an effective post-treatment process. The remaining COD in the final effluent was only 51 (± 7) mgl−1. Ammonia concentration was reduced by 67 (± 7.6) %. The overall E. coli reduction was 1.39 log10 at an influent count of 6.5 log10 corresponding to an overall removal efficiency of 95.8 (± 4.7) %. However, according to prevailing standards, residual E. coli counts are still high for unrestricted reuse for irrigation purposes. When the system was operated at a HRT of 10 h, overall E. coli removal and ammonia reduction were 99.9 (± 0.05)% and 92 (± 6.5)% respectively. At a HRT of 10 h, recirculation of the 3rd stage effluent to the 1st stage reduced the residual of E. coli in the final effluent from 2 × 103 to 9.8 × 102/100ml. Moreover, the recirculation of nitrified effluent from the 3rd stage to the 1st stage increased ammonia removal in the stage 1 from 23 to 43%. This relatively high ammonia removal likely can be attributed to the supply of nitrifiers from 3rd stage to the 1st one.

scholarly journals Detection of Enteric Viruses and Bacterial Indicators in a Sewage Treatment Center and Shallow Water Bay

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6483
Author(s):  
Essam M. Janahi ◽  
Sakina Mustafa ◽  
Saba F. D. Parkar ◽  
Humood A. Naser ◽  
Zaki M. Eisa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
E Coli

The incidence of enteric viruses in treated wastewater and their potential release into the environment or use for agriculture are very critical matters in public health. In our study, PCR (polymerase chain reaction) analysis of enteric viruses was performed on 59 samples of influents and effluents collected from Tubli wastewater treatment plant (Water Pollution Control Center (WPCC)) and Tubli Bay, where the effluents were discharged, in Kingdom of Bahrain during two sampling periods. Four clinically essential waterborne enteric viruses were examined: enterovirus (EV), hepatitis A virus (HAV), astroviruses (AV), and rotaviruses (RV) and compared to standard bacterial and bacteriophages indicators of fecal pollution. Detection rates of EV, AV, HAV, and RV in the influent samples were 100%, 75%, 12.5%, and 12.5%, respectively, while 50% of the effluent samples from Tubli WPCC contained only EV RNA. None of the tested enteric viruses could be detected in any of the samples collected directly from Tubli Bay. Effluent samples from Tubli plant did not show significant seasonal differences. Since detection of enteric viruses genome does not necessarily indicate infectivity, the infectivity of these viruses was evaluated through isolation and growth of indictor bacteria and bacteriophages. High concentration of fecal bacteriological indicators was detected in all effluents samples (100%): 3.20 × 103 cfu/mL for E. coli, 1.32 × 103 cfu/mL for Salmonella spp., and 1.92 × 103 cfu/mL for Shigella spp. E. coli and Salmonella specific bacteriophages were also detected in the effluent samples in high titers. The combined results of PCR and bacterial enumeration point to a probable public health risk via the use of these wastewaters in agriculture or their discharge into the sea. Continuous surveillance of viral and bacterial prevalence and their resistance to sewage disinfection procedures could contribute to a better control of risks associated with the recycling of effluent wastewater and its release into the environment.

Virus removal by the domestic wastewater treatment system named Johkasou

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kaneko
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Order Reduction ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Coxsackievirus B3 ◽  
Virus Removal ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Small Model ◽  
Reducing Activity

Virus removal by a treatment plant for domestic wastewater (Johkasou), was investigated using a small model of the plant. Under standard BOD loading of 0.076 BOD kg/m3/day, 97% of E. coli phage T2, 98% of poliovirus 1 and 93% of coxsackievirus B3 were removed from inlet wastewater by the system. About 80% of the viruses in the influent were removed in the first and second anaerobic zones under the standard conditions. When the loading was increased to double the standard loading (0.152 kg BOD/m3/day) the removal rate decreased to 64%. Poliovirus 1 and coxsackievirus B3 were removed more easily than T2 phage. Assuming the stream in each zone was completely mixed, the virus reducing activity of microorganisms was estimated by the rate constant of the first order reduction equation. It was found that the higher the BOD loading rates, the lower the values of the constant.

Inactivation of E. coli and helminth eggs in aerobic and anaerobic effluents using UV radiation

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. de Lemos Chernicharo ◽  
J.C. de Castro Silva ◽  
A.M. Zerbini ◽  
V.M. Godinho
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Mercury Lamp ◽  
Trickling Filter ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Very High

This paper evaluates the performance of a simplified bench-scale UV-photoreactor used to inactivate Escherichia coli and eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides. The photoreactor consisted of a tubular unit constructed with PVC tube, 100 mm diameter and 45 cm total height, with a low-pressure mercury lamp adapted in the centre of the tube. The reactor was tested to disinfect the effluents from a trickling filter and from an UASB reactor, both fed with domestic sewage. The results showed an excellent performance of the photoreactor, with very high E. coli inactivation efficiencies being observed for the aerobic effluent (in the range of 4 to 5 log-units, for doses varying from 50.7 to 13.6 mW.s.cm−2) and also for the effluent from the UASB reactor (usually above 4 log-units, for doses of 20.3 and 13.6 mW.s.cm−2). In relation to the inactivation of helminth eggs, it was observed that UV radiation significantly affected the development of eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides, with the better results being obtained for radiation times of 40 and 60 seconds (doses of 13.6 and 20.3 mW.s.cm−2, respectively), when approximately 65% of the eggs remained in the stage of single cell and only 9 to 10% were able to fully develop to the stage of motile larva.

scholarly journals Determination of Microbiological Quality and Chlorophyll Levels Lettuce Grown Hydroponically With Wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
J. de F. Xavier ◽  
C. A. V. de Azevedo ◽  
M. R. de Q. A. Azevedo ◽  
V. L. A. Lima ◽  
J. Dantas Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Well Water ◽  
State University ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms

The study aimed to determine the microbiological quality for coliform in three lettuce cultivars grown hydroponically with optimized solutions. The study was conducted in a protected environment and driven in a hydroponic system adopting the technique of laminar flow nutrientes-NFT, on the premises of the State University of Paraíba-Campus II in Lagoa Seca, PB having the following coordinates: 7°10′15″S; 35°51′14″W. The experimental design was a randomized block with a split-plot treatment in 7 × 3 factorial, with three replicates whose factors were 7 hydroponic solutions with three lettuce cultivars. The optimized solutions were formulated taking as reference the nutrient solution Furlani. The plot was constituted by nutrient solution (S). S1 = Furlani solution; S2 = domestic wastewater; S3 = optimized domestic wastewater; S4 = well water; S5 = optimized well water; S6 = wastewater from the UASB reactor and S7 = optimized wastewater from the UASB reactor and as for the subplot the three lettuce cultivars (Thais, Vanda and Veronica). In none of the samples of the three lettuce cultivars in the first experiment did the microbiological quality increase at 45°C, by the Most Probable Number (MPN) table, when the tube combination was 0-0-0, that is, without growth in none of the tubes, it is assumed that the MPN is less than 1.8 μg. ll samples were considered acceptable for the microbiological standard of thermotolerant coliforms at 45 °C/g. The leaf chlorophyll content is positively correlated with the N content in the plant.

A novel electrospun polyurethane nanofibre membrane – production parameters and suitability for wastewater (WW) treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1496-1501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Lev ◽  
Marek Holba ◽  
Michal Došek ◽  
Libor Kalhotka ◽  
Přemysl Mikula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacterial Removal ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Scale Experiment ◽  
Artificial Water ◽  
Better Than

The aim of this study was to investigate the suitability of a novel electrospun polyurethane nanofibre material for water-treatment purposes. Bacterial removal efficiency was tested in the laboratory by filtering artificial water spiked with Escherichia coli through a 0.25 µm nanofibre membrane. The results were compared with those obtained using a commercial microfiltration material (MV020T) with a similar pore size (0.20 µm). Alongside the laboratory experiments, we also determined filtration efficiency with semi-pilot scale experiments using actual wastewater from the secondary sedimentation tank of a wastewater treatment plant. The laboratory experiments indicated very high log10 removal efficiency, ranging from 5.8 to 6.8 CFU (colony-forming units)/ml. These results were better than those of the commercial membrane (3.8–4.6 CFU/ml). The semi-pilot scale experiment confirmed the membrane's suitability for microbial filtration, with both E. coli and total culturable microorganisms (cultured at both 22 and 36 °C) showing a significant decline compared to the non-filtered control (wastewater from the secondary outlet).

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