scholarly journals Hygienic sanitary conditions of vacuum packed beef produced by slaughterhouses qualified for export in the Mato Grosso state, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxsueli Aparecida Moura Machado ◽  
Barbara Müller ◽  
Ricardo César Tavares Carvalho ◽  
Eduardo Eustáquio de Souza Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
Market Expansion ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

ABSTRACT: Brazil is the largest exporter of beef of the world and Mato Grosso State is the highest beef producer in this country. To maintain product competitiveness and market expansion, sanitary hygienic control of the entire process is indispensable to ensure the attainment of harmless beef and quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the hygienic sanitary conditions of vacuum-packed beef produced by establishments qualified for export in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. A total of 60 samples were submitted to coliforms counts at 35°C and at 45°C and E. coli. The mean contamination by at 35°C and coliforms at 45°C were 3,1 x 102MPN/g and 7.7MPN/g respectively. The presence of E. coli was verified in five samples, representing an occurrence of 8.3% (5/60), and Salmonella spp. in 5% (03/60) of the analyzed samples. The MPN (Most Probable Number) average of coliforms at 35°C and 45°C are in accordance to national and international legislation; however, the presence of Samonella spp., E. coli in some sample indicates a low risk of occurrence of salmonellosis and colibacillosis transmitted by the evaluated beef. However, transmission risk of these diseases cannot be ruled out, since the presence of E. coli does not depend on the amount of coliforms and national legal standards established for the group of thermotolerant coliforms.

scholarly journals Microbiological quality of trahira fish (Hoplias malabaricus) from Baixada Maranhense, municipality of São Bento, MA

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucélia Guimarães ◽  
Ana Clara dos Santos ◽  
Elka Ferreira ◽  
Débora Pereira ◽  
Francisca Costa
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Foodborne Diseases ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

ABSTRACT: Fish are considered rich sources of nutrients. Health care throughout its production chain aims to ensure quality, minimizing the risks of transmission of foodborne diseases. In order to evaluate the microbiological quality of trahira fish (H. malabaricus), 40 samples were analysed for Most Probable Number (MPN) of coliforms at 45ºC, counts of aerobic mesophilic bacteria and Staphylococcus spp., identification of E. coli, Salmonella spp. and Aeromonas spp.. Analyses were conducted according to official methods, procedures, and recommendations. Microbiological results showed coliform values at 45 °C ranging from <3 to > 1.1 × 103 MPN/g, presence of E. coli in 14 (35%) samples, counts of mesophilic aerobic bacteria from 9 × 102 to 109 CFU/g and absence of coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus. Salmonella spp. was detected in 2 (5%) samples, which is in disagreement with the standards required by the RDC Nº 12 of January, 2001 (ANVISA) regarding Aeromonas spp. In total, 36 (90%) samples were contaminated, 7 (19.4%) by A. cavie and 29 (80.6%) by A. hidrophila. The results of this research showed unsatisfactory hygienic and sanitary conditions of fish from the municipality of São Bento (MA), exposing consumers to the risk of foodborne diseases.

scholarly journals Microbiological counting in lamb carcasses from an abattoir in São Paulo, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1836-1841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaís Mioto Martineli ◽  
Oswaldo Durival Rossi Junior ◽  
Natacha Deboni Cereser ◽  
Marita Vedovelli Cardozo ◽  
Cristianne Lino Fontoura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Lamb Meat ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

The consumption of lamb meat in Brazil has increased in the last years but little information about the microbiological quality of this product is available. To evaluate the hygienic-sanitary conditions of lamb carcasses, the quantification of microorganism populations indicators (mesophiles and psychrotrophs; total and thermotolerant coliforms; Escherichia coli; moulds and yeasts) and the pathogenic microorganisms indentification (Salmonella sp. and Listeria spp.) were performed. A total of 60 lamb carcasses were sampled from one abattoir in São Paulo. Swab samples were collected from three points (forequarter, back and hindquarter) on the muscle surface after carcasses final washing. Statistical analysis consisted of descriptive evaluation of the results whose counts were grouped by intervals of microorganism populations. Counts ranged from 1.0 x 10¹ to 8.0 x 10(4) colony-forming unit cm-2 (CFU cm-2) for mesophiles; 1.0 x 10(0) to 4.4 x 10(4)CFU cm-2 for psychrotrophs; < 1.0 x 10(0) to 4.4 x 10(4)CFU cm-2 for moulds and yeasts; < 0.3 to > 32.0 most probable number/cm² (MPN cm-2) for total and thermotolerant coliforms and Escherichia coli. Salmonella sp. and Listeria spp. were not found in any of the carcasses. Most carcasses presented low counts for all microorganisms. Overall results may be explained by the small size of the industry where the study was taken. Results suggest that good microbiological quality lamb meat is possible to be obtained, but improvement in hygienic-sanitary conditions is still required.

Incidence and Behavior of Salmonella and Escherichia coli on Whole and Sliced Zucchini Squash (Cucurbita pepo) Fruit

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 1423-1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAVIER CASTRO-ROSAS ◽  
EVA MARÍA SANTOS LÓPEZ ◽  
CARLOS ALBERTO GÓMEZ-ALDAPA ◽  
CESAR ABELARDO GONZÁLEZ RAMÍREZ ◽  
JOSÉ ROBERTO VILLAGOMEZ-IBARRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Inoculum Level ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
Salmonella Serotypes ◽  
And Behavior

The incidence of coliform bacteria (CB), thermotolerant coliforms (TC), Escherichia coli, and Salmonella was determined for zucchini squash fruit. In addition, the behavior of four serotypes of Salmonella and a cocktail of three E. coli strains on whole and sliced zucchini squash at 25 ± 2°C and 3 to 5°C was tested. Squash fruit was collected in the markets of Pachuca city, Hidalgo State, Mexico. CB, TC, E. coli, and Salmonella were detected in 100, 70, 62, and 10% of the produce, respectively. The concentration ranged from 3.8 to 7.4 log CFU per sample for CB, and &lt;3 to 1,100 most probable number per sample for TC and E. coli. On whole fruit stored at 25 ± 2°C or 3 to 5°C, no growth was observed for any of the tested microorganisms or cocktails thereof. After 15 days at 25 ± 2°C, the tested Salmonella serotypes had decreased from an initial inoculum level of 7 log CFU to &lt;1 log, and at 3 to 5°C they decreased to approximately 2 log. Survival of E. coli was significantly greater than for the Salmonella strains at the same times and temperatures; after 15 days, at 25 ± 2°C E. coli cocktail strains had decreased to 3.4 log CFU per fruit and at 3 to 5°C they decreased to 3.6 log CFU per fruit. Both the Salmonella serotypes and E. coli strains grew when inoculated onto sliced squash: after 24 h at 25 ± 2°C, both bacteria had grown to approximately 6.5 log CFU per slice. At 3 to 5°C, the bacterial growth was inhibited. The squash may be an important factor contributing to the endemicity of Salmonella in Mexico.

scholarly journals Microbiological quality and safety assessment in the production of moderate and high humidity cheeses

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise da Fontoura Prates ◽  
Simone Rauber Würfel ◽  
Júlia Coswig Goldbeck ◽  
Andreia Saldanha de Lima ◽  
Graciela Volz Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Milk Pasteurization ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms

ABSTRACT: Moderate and high humidity cheeses are described as important vehicles of pathogens in many foodborne diseases outbreaks. Microbial contamination can occur in raw material or in the different steps of the product processing due to inadequate hygiene practices. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality and safety in the production of moderate and high humidity cheese. Samples from raw milk, handlers’ hands surface, final product were collected in three cheese manufacturing plants located in southern Brazil, with different levels of sanitary control. Effectiveness of milk pasteurization was also evaluated. Thermotolerant coliforms, coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS), Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes were evaluated. Raw milk samples showed the highest contamination levels, with enumeration of 1.1x105 most probable number (MPN) mL-1 for thermotolerant coliforms, 4x105 colony-forming units (CFU) mL-1 for CPS and presence of Salmonella spp. CPS were also reported in one sample of handler’s hands surface. However, only one sample of the final product was out of Brazilian regulatory standards, exceeding the limit allowed for CPS. Milk pasteurization process used in cheese preparation was effective, regardless the level of sanitary control of the industries. Results highlighted the need for better hygiene practices, in obtaining the raw milk and in the handling during the cheese manufacturing steps.

Microbiological Methods for Examination of Frozen and/or Prepared Foods

1966 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-281
Author(s):  
Bernard F Surkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Microbiological Examination ◽  
Aerobic Plate Count ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

Abstract A method for the microbiological examination of frozen and/or prepared foods as an index to the sanitary conditions under which the food was produced and/or stored was subjected to collaborative study. The method encompasses four determinations: aerobic plate count, the MPN (most probable number) of coliforms, the MPN of E. coli, and the numbers of S. aureus. Subdivisions of custard pie filling, some inoculated with E. coli, A. aerogenes, or S. aureus, were examined by four laboratories. Statistical evaluation of the results indicated that the method gives essentially equivalent results from laboratory to laboratory. It is recommended that the method be adopted as official, first action.

scholarly journals Contaminación microbiológica y parasitológica en lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) comercializada en un municipio de la región semiárida brasileña

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e196985592
Author(s):  
João Inácio Lopes Batista ◽  
Tallyson Nogueira Barbosa ◽  
Juliana Rafaela Granjeiro Rêgo ◽  
Cristina Karine de Oliveira Rebouças ◽  
Taffarel Melo Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Brazilian Legislation ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
Sanitary Conditions ◽  
Open Markets ◽  
The City

The objective of this research was to evaluate the microbial and parasitic contamination in lettuce sold in open markets and supermarkets in the city of Mossoró. For parasitological evaluation, spontaneous sedimentation and flotation methods were applied. For the microbiological part, the Most Probable Number (MPM) of total and thermotolerant coliforms was estimated, as well as the positivity of Salmonella sp. Regarding parasitic analysis it was found that the samples had a total index of 62.5% (45/72) of contamination, 40.3% (29/72) with Ancylostomatidae sp., 29.2% (21/72) with Strongyloides sp., 1.4% (1/72) Ascaris sp., 1.4% (1/72) Entamoeba histolytica/dispar, 1.4% (1/72) Endolemax nana, and 2.8% (2/72) Entamoeba coli. For microbiological analyzes, an index of 100% (12/12) of the samples showed contamination by total coliforms and 25% (3/12) of thermotolerant coliforms, above the maximum value allowed by Brazilian legislation, and absence of Salmonella sp. However, there was no difference in microbial and parasitic contamination between the commercial establishments in this research. Finally, the neglect of the lettuce's hygienic-sanitary conditions by the commercial establishments depicted here is evident, as well as the potential health risk to which the population is exposed.

scholarly journals Specificity of a defined substrate method used to monitor balneability of tropical coastal waters impacted by polluted stormwater

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscarina V. Sousa ◽  
Norma S. Evangelista-Barreto ◽  
Karla M. Catter ◽  
Antonio A. Fonteles-Filho ◽  
Andrew Macrae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Specific Enzyme ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
Seawater Samples ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Substrate Medium

Defined substrate (DS) is an alternative technique to monitoring the water quality based on species-specific enzyme activity. Although more sensitive and more specific than traditional media, there is some controversy over use in the warmer waters of tropical and subtropical environments, rich in organic matter and microorganism groups capable of interfering with results. The aim of this study was to test the specificity of DS method (Colilert, IDEXX) for detection of coliforms and Escherichia coli in stormwater seawater samples from a coastal city (Fortaleza, Brazil) compared to findings obtained with the multiple tube fermentation (MTF) method. The samples were collected from stormsewers and adjacent seashore locations. The most probable number (MPN) of total coliforms (TC), thermotolerant coliforms (TtC) and E. coli was determined and the selectivity of the enzymatic substrate medium in the seawater samples was tested. The MTF method showed samples from sampling points 1, 2 and 3 to be 13.3, 13.3 and 46.7%, respectively, above the legal cut-off value for coastal balneability. With the DS method, the corresponding figures were 60, 53.3 and 80% for E. coli. Overall, coliform levels were higher with the DS medium. Vibrios and aeromonads were isolated from E. coli-positive DS tubes.

scholarly journals Enumeration of Escherichia coli and determination of Salmonella spp. and verotoxigenic Escherichia coli in shellfish (Mytilus galloprovincialis and Ruditapes decussatus) harvested in Sardinia, Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Lamon ◽  
Francesca Piras ◽  
Domenico Meloni ◽  
Vanessa Agus ◽  
Gabriella Porcheddu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Ruditapes Decussatus ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Harvesting Time ◽  
E Coli

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence of Salmonella spp., Verotoxigenic E. Coli (VTEC) and enumerate E. coli in shellfish (Mytilus galloprovincialis and Ruditapes decussatus) collected before and after depuration from two class B harvesting areas located in Sardinia (Italy). All the samples were analyzed for Salmonella spp. detection according to European Commission Regulation (EC) 2073/2005 and examined using the five tube Most-Probable-Number (MPN) method for enumeration of E. coli in accordance with the European Union reference method ISO 16649-3:2015. E. coli VTEC was investigated following a direct multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) screening test. The enumeration of E. coli met the European law limit for Class A areas of 230 MPN/100g. The averaged enumeration of E. coli in samples of M. galloprovincialis and R. decussatus collected at the harvesting time was 39 and 37 MPN/100 g respectively. The average contamination levels in samples collected after purification were 58 MPN/100g (M. galloprovincialis) and 32 MPN/100 g (R. decussatus). E. coli VTEC was not detected, on the contrary, Salmonella ser. Typhimurium was detected in one sample of M. galloprovincialis and in one sample of R. decussatus collected at the harvesting time. No significant associations were observed between E. coli levels in shellfish and environmental parameters of water or with the detection of Salmonella ser. Typhimurium in M. galloprovincialis and R. decussatus samples. Nevertheless, the occurrence of Salmonella ser. Typhimurium, involved in human infection outbreaks, should be considered a potential risk for consumers.

Survival of pathogenic and indicator bacteria in biosolids applied to agricultural land

Soil Research ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 647 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Eamens ◽  
A. M. Waldron ◽  
P. J. Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Bacterial Concentrations

Concentrations of surviving Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, and Salmonella spp. were determined temporally in mechanically dewatered biosolids derived from anaerobic–mesophilic digestion and applied to agricultural land. Following applications in different seasons, repeated assessments of bacterial concentrations in biosolid clumps, using most-probable-number (MPN) techniques, found sustained high levels of these bacteria. Bacterial concentrations were often well above soil background levels at 6 months, and in some cases 11–12 months, after land application. Survival in surface-applied biosolids was similar to that for biosolids incorporated into the soil, and between application rates of 10 or 30 dry t/ha. Salmonella concentrations in applied biosolids were not predicted from, and could exceed those of, the indicator organism E. coli. Multiple plot analyses indicated regrowth of E. coli and Salmonella can occur within biosolids, up to several months after application. However, Salmonella serovars likely to pose a significant risk to animal health were not detected among isolates from the dewatered biosolids. Reduced accessibility for grazing livestock by soil incorporation, together with the time taken for normal pasture establishment practices, and the limited pathogenicity of the vast majority of salmonellae present in biosolids may significantly reduce the risk of spread of these organisms to the human food chain.

scholarly journals Detection of microbial contamination in chicken meat from local markets in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 3138-3143
Author(s):  
Dhandy Koesoemo Wardhana ◽  
Ajeng Erika Prihastuti Haskito ◽  
Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad Purnama ◽  
Devi Ayu Safitri ◽  
Suwaibatul Annisa
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Local Markets ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Meat Samples

Background and Aim: Chicken meat can be contaminated by microorganisms anywhere in the supply chain, from farm to market, and these microorganisms can be transmitted to humans through direct contact, contact with the environment, and food consumption. The microbial contamination has a serious impact on public health. This study aimed to analyze the microbial contamination of chicken meat sampled from local markets in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 samples of fresh chicken meat obtained from 10 traditional markets (six samples per market) were examined for the presence of bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., and Escherichia coli were identified using Gram staining, culturing, and biochemical tests. The most probable number (MPN) method was used to identify E. coli. Results: Most chicken meat samples were positive for S. aureus (58.3%), Salmonella spp. (48.3%), and E. coli (40%). The samples were considered positive for E. coli if the MPN value was higher than 1×101 CFU/g. Conclusion: High microbial contamination was found in all the chicken meat sampled from local markets in Surabaya. Such contamination can lead to foodborne diseases so, proper hygiene and sanitation standards should be followed from slaughterhouses to the end-users.

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